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迷雾森林
11-15
这种垃圾文章别给我推送啊。
马斯克花两亿美元“买”的官,能干多久?
迷雾森林
2022-11-04
感觉这个作者不太懂特斯拉…净瞎说八道
马斯克没有打价格战的基因
迷雾森林
2022-09-07
别发这种恶心的新闻好吗
Mate50时隔两年归来,华为的竞争对手已不是苹果?
迷雾森林
2021-07-27
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
彻底倒闭了
迷雾森林
2021-07-26
暴跌开始了
抱歉,原内容已删除
迷雾森林
2021-07-13
$小鹏汽车(XPEV)$
三傻中最垃圾的,没有之一
迷雾森林
2021-06-14
$拼多多(PDD)$
什么时候可以倒闭
迷雾森林
2021-05-18
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
为什么能做到每天跌
迷雾森林
2021-04-25
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
iv怎么降的那么离谱。周五call基本是跌的
迷雾森林
2021-03-03
$亿邦国际(EBON)$
涨不过can sos ,跌幅却比他们大。这个到底是不是老千股
迷雾森林
2021-02-11
$Aphria Inc.(APHA)$
合并之后期权怎么处理啊
迷雾森林
2021-01-31
$游戏驿站(GME)$
会轧空吗?想问下上周没成,为什么下周几率大呢?另外周五到期的那批call的平仓,多久会反应到股价上?
迷雾森林
2021-01-15
$Aphria Inc.(APHA)$
感觉还是tlry涨的多点啊。成交量也多些
迷雾森林
2021-01-14
$Aphria Inc.(APHA)$
几点出财报啊
迷雾森林
2019-12-14
$Roku Inc(ROKU)$
弱成这样,连续大跌。
迷雾森林
2019-11-04
$Roku Inc(ROKU)$
什么情况
迷雾森林
2019-10-09
$道琼斯(.DJI)$
金毛为什么老是搞得一团糟,世界经济弄的一塌糊涂
迷雾森林
2019-09-06
$Facebook(FB)$
为什么又大跌
迷雾森林
2019-08-30
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
为什么发不出帖子
迷雾森林
2019-08-30
别演了,下来吧
去老虎APP查看更多动态
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12:10","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"马斯克花两亿美元“买”的官,能干多久?","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1149674693","media":"首席商业评论","summary":"随着特朗普拿下本次大选,在此次竞选中鞍前马后立下汗马功劳、豪掷两亿美元助选的世界首富马斯克也开始收获他的回报。乖乖,花了两亿美元连个编制都不给?于是,马斯克一拍特朗普的大腿,干脆不要搞什么编制了,做个布衣宰相不也挺好!因此,马斯克想要的改革,恐怕并不容易推动起来。所以,即便马首富现在有特朗普的支持,但未必能得到其核心团队成员的一致支持。当然,马斯克有属于自己的剧本。","content":"<html><head></head><body><p><strong>随着特朗普拿下本次大选,在此次竞选中鞍前马后立下汗马功劳、豪掷两亿美元助选的世界首富马斯克也开始收获他的回报。</strong>据美媒报道,特朗普对马首富十分仗义,不仅让他跟乌克兰总统泽连斯基通上了电话,还让其进入自己的核心圈子开小会,马不停蹄地为下届政府的主要政策方向出谋划策。而选前一直传言的,让马斯克来操刀提升联邦政府效率的事,据称也将以“政府效率部”(Department of Government Efficiency,简称 DoGE)的名头付诸实施。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f1e9813f79a598183582a1354f340a0d\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"970\" tg-height=\"1210\"/></p><p>坊间纷纷传言,预计再过几个月,马首富就将戴上双眼花翎,摇身一变成为“马尚书”、“马太傅”了!大爷大妈不禁慨叹,首富这两亿美金是真没白花啊!这段故事完全可以改编成爆款短剧“重生之胡雪岩去美国当首富”!</p><p>但坊间说法自然是不能信的。<strong>马首富非但成不了马尚书,而且他的政府改革之路还将极其凶险。</strong></p><p><strong>“政府效率部”不是个“部”,马首富也成不了个“官”</strong></p><p>虽然名字里有个“部”字,但“政府效率部”在实际上并不是美国联邦政府机构,而只是个外部咨询机构,按我们<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/603883\">老百姓</a>的话说,就是“没编制”,连个事业单位都算不上,就是个临时工。</p><p>乖乖,花了两亿美元连个编制都不给?美国人办事这么不地道的么?别急,这倒不能怪特朗普小气,这样的安排自有其深意。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c0e0ad4fc9b5fe573a9ff4a18de0eb67\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"1035\" tg-height=\"951\"/></p><p>按照美国的法律要求,设立一个正规的(有编制的)政府部门,必须经过国会立法等一系列繁杂的流程。且不说美国国会内部能不能通过,就算一切顺利,这个正式编制要办下来也得好几年以后的事了——到时候还是不是特朗普在任都不好说。况且,一个旨在提升政府效率的机构在一开始就以如此没有效率的方式设立,这岂不是要让全世界笑掉大牙了么?</p><p>于是,马斯克一拍特朗普的大腿,干脆不要搞什么编制了,做个布衣宰相不也挺好!美国联邦政府接受外部机构咨询本来也很常见,而这个机构身处政府之外,马斯克也方便出钱,行事上又不会受到太多掣肘,是一举数得的好事。</p><p>但问题也来了,<strong>提升政府效率要干很多触及政府根本的大动作,比如裁撤部门、降低运营成本等等,一个外部机构能有这么大的权力干那么多事吗?</strong></p><p>那就得看马斯克和特朗普的关系有多铁了。特朗普在这次大选中不仅拿下了总统宝座,还一并赢下了参议院和众议院,在未来几年里可谓是“三权合一”,风光无两。而且特朗普行事非常果决,如果他能全力支持马斯克,DoGE的地位根本就不重要,马斯克的计划必然能通过某些方式得以实现。</p><p><strong>你们都以为马斯克要学胡雪岩稀罕那红顶子,其实他真正想学的是姚广孝啊!</strong></p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ae5ecb031fa66cffea68589246ffe338\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"645\" tg-height=\"441\"/></p><p><strong>美国联邦政府不是twitter</strong></p><p>再来看马斯克为DoGE定的目标。11月13日,DoGE就在社媒上开通了官方账号,第一条帖文就立下了flag。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/dc5b0873bc6939d49e4515f01ae2a16d\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"969\" tg-height=\"159\"/></p><p><strong>DoGE的核心目标就是提升政府效率。但效率这个词可以有很多种定义。</strong>因此,为了表明自己的决心,马斯克还给自己下了几个大胆的KPI:<strong>第一,将把现有约428个联邦机构裁撤到99个以内,削减约75%;第二,大幅削减政府开支,从联邦预算中削减2万亿美元</strong>(美国2024财年总支出为6.75万亿美元,马斯克的目标是砍掉30%)。</p><p>这两个目标非常惊人。不知道美国联邦公务员们听说之后会不会已经开始瑟瑟发抖担心自己饭碗不保了。但考虑到马首富在买下推特(后改名X)后,把员工总数从8000人砍到1500人的大刀阔斧,这次的政府效率提升计划反倒不显得扎眼了。</p><p><strong>但关键问题是,美国联邦政府可不是推特/X这样的私营公司。</strong></p><p>按照美国联邦法律,所有的联邦政府机构(就是马斯克要裁减75%的那些)都是国会通过立法来创立的。每一个机构都有各自特定的功能,同时,也有各自的预算。这些内容的依据都是法律,哪怕是特朗普亲自操刀,也不能说砍就砍,而必须通过严格的法律程序。</p><p>言下之意是,马斯克在推特/X搞的那一套,是绝不可能简单复制到联邦政府中来的。他在推特/X是拥有绝对权力的,也没有任何法律掣肘他,所以做什么基本都能畅通无阻;但联邦政府有一整套完整的行事程序和法律,主要就是为了防止出现绝对权力滥用的情况。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5651db4998f47f8f2686b89d2fd118a8\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"608\"/></p><p>因此,<strong>马斯克想要的改革,恐怕并不容易推动起来。相反,他可能会陷入联邦法律的各种条条框框里,寸步难行。</strong></p><p><strong>马斯克可能干不了多久</strong></p><p><strong>除了法律程序,联邦政府和推特/X这样的私营公司还有一个巨大的不同是:联邦政府充斥着各种老谋深算的既得利益者。</strong>私营公司裁员,说白了就是个生意,按规则,老板给钱,员工走人,一拍两散。但联邦政府可不是这么做事的。很多职业官僚在里面混了很久了,大都有自己的一块利益、“禁脔”。你一个外头来的临时工,靠跟总统关系好上的位,然后嚷嚷着要搞降本增效,那不得动这些老官油子的蛋糕?这都是他们经营好多年甚至几辈人前赴后继攒下的家业,是他们的命根子,今天说拿走就拿走了,这帮人还不得跟马首富拼个你死我活?</p><p>别说底下的老官油子了,<strong>即便是特朗普团队里的这些即将上位的核心成员,也已经开始跟马斯克貌合神离了。</strong>这帮人跟着特朗普忠心耿耿蛰伏了四年,如今刚打了个翻身仗,重新上位要准备大展身手的时候,马首富哼哧哼哧跑来把手下人都裁了,预算都砍掉了,就留你个光杆司令,换谁都不会乐意。</p><p>所以,即便马首富现在有特朗普的支持,但未必能得到其核心团队成员的一致支持。而随着时间的推移,小报告一打,枕边风一吹,两亿美元的恩情慢慢转淡,马斯克保不准逐渐被特朗普所疏远,到那时,首富必将危矣!</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d2bcf95ab3cbbc4caaf2501d5ed8b45e\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"607\"/></p><p>更要命的是,马斯克还是个习惯高调行事的主儿。这在商界也就罢了,但如果放在政治江湖里,很难不吃大亏。华盛顿特区遍地都是两面三刀的人,哪个政客不得夹起尾巴做人?想那姚广孝,极受朱棣尊崇,在当时绝对算得上权倾天下的人物,但即便如此,哥们每天下了朝,依然回到自己的庙里,换回僧衣,青灯古佛,低调至极。而马首富呢,虽然纵横商界无人匹敌,但在政界仍然只是一枚“小白”,估计不会比他的前辈马尔泰·若曦好到哪里去,后面的路程想必也是步步惊心的吧!</p><p>当然,马斯克有属于自己的剧本。事已至此,不如让我们看看这出大戏后面到底会怎么唱吧。</p></body></html>","source":"lsy1588053976797","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>马斯克花两亿美元“买”的官,能干多久?</title>\n<style 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}\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n马斯克花两亿美元“买”的官,能干多久?\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2024-11-15 12:10 北京时间 <a href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/xSbSy45t9z31CoNQEo6gYA><strong>首席商业评论</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>随着特朗普拿下本次大选,在此次竞选中鞍前马后立下汗马功劳、豪掷两亿美元助选的世界首富马斯克也开始收获他的回报。据美媒报道,特朗普对马首富十分仗义,不仅让他跟乌克兰总统泽连斯基通上了电话,还让其进入自己的核心圈子开小会,马不停蹄地为下届政府的主要政策方向出谋划策。而选前一直传言的,让马斯克来操刀提升联邦政府效率的事,据称也将以“政府效率部”(Department of Government ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/xSbSy45t9z31CoNQEo6gYA\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/74ce1b04d3f23e0894f7a6ddc739dfb1","relate_stocks":{"LU0056508442.USD":"贝莱德世界科技基金A2","LU0964807845.USD":"ALLIANZ INCOME & GROWTH \"A\" (USD) INC","TSLA":"特斯拉","BK4551":"寇图资本持仓","BK4550":"红杉资本持仓","IE00B1XK9C88.USD":"PINEBRIDGE US LARGE CAP RESEARCH ENHANCED \"A\" (USD) ACC","BK4574":"无人驾驶","LU1551013342.USD":"Allianz Income and Growth Cl AMg2 DIS USD","LU1145028129.USD":"ALLIANZ INCOME AND GROWTH \"AQ\" (USD) INC","BK4099":"汽车制造商","SG9999015945.SGD":"LionGlobal Disruptive Innovation Fund A SGD","LU0820562030.AUD":"ALLIANZ INCOME AND GROWTH \"AMH2\" (AUDHDG) H2 INC","BK4581":"高盛持仓","IE00BSNM7G36.USD":"NEUBERGER BERMAN SYSTEMATIC GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE VALUE \"A\" (USD) ACC","IE00BWXC8680.SGD":"PINEBRIDGE US LARGE CAP RESEARCH ENHANCED \"A5\" (SGD) ACC","SG9999015986.USD":"LIONGLOBAL DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION \"I\" (USD) ACC","BK4588":"碎股","LU0234572021.USD":"高盛美国核心股票组合Acc","LU2063271972.USD":"富兰克林创新领域基金","BK4511":"特斯拉概念"},"source_url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/xSbSy45t9z31CoNQEo6gYA","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1149674693","content_text":"随着特朗普拿下本次大选,在此次竞选中鞍前马后立下汗马功劳、豪掷两亿美元助选的世界首富马斯克也开始收获他的回报。据美媒报道,特朗普对马首富十分仗义,不仅让他跟乌克兰总统泽连斯基通上了电话,还让其进入自己的核心圈子开小会,马不停蹄地为下届政府的主要政策方向出谋划策。而选前一直传言的,让马斯克来操刀提升联邦政府效率的事,据称也将以“政府效率部”(Department of Government Efficiency,简称 DoGE)的名头付诸实施。坊间纷纷传言,预计再过几个月,马首富就将戴上双眼花翎,摇身一变成为“马尚书”、“马太傅”了!大爷大妈不禁慨叹,首富这两亿美金是真没白花啊!这段故事完全可以改编成爆款短剧“重生之胡雪岩去美国当首富”!但坊间说法自然是不能信的。马首富非但成不了马尚书,而且他的政府改革之路还将极其凶险。“政府效率部”不是个“部”,马首富也成不了个“官”虽然名字里有个“部”字,但“政府效率部”在实际上并不是美国联邦政府机构,而只是个外部咨询机构,按我们老百姓的话说,就是“没编制”,连个事业单位都算不上,就是个临时工。乖乖,花了两亿美元连个编制都不给?美国人办事这么不地道的么?别急,这倒不能怪特朗普小气,这样的安排自有其深意。按照美国的法律要求,设立一个正规的(有编制的)政府部门,必须经过国会立法等一系列繁杂的流程。且不说美国国会内部能不能通过,就算一切顺利,这个正式编制要办下来也得好几年以后的事了——到时候还是不是特朗普在任都不好说。况且,一个旨在提升政府效率的机构在一开始就以如此没有效率的方式设立,这岂不是要让全世界笑掉大牙了么?于是,马斯克一拍特朗普的大腿,干脆不要搞什么编制了,做个布衣宰相不也挺好!美国联邦政府接受外部机构咨询本来也很常见,而这个机构身处政府之外,马斯克也方便出钱,行事上又不会受到太多掣肘,是一举数得的好事。但问题也来了,提升政府效率要干很多触及政府根本的大动作,比如裁撤部门、降低运营成本等等,一个外部机构能有这么大的权力干那么多事吗?那就得看马斯克和特朗普的关系有多铁了。特朗普在这次大选中不仅拿下了总统宝座,还一并赢下了参议院和众议院,在未来几年里可谓是“三权合一”,风光无两。而且特朗普行事非常果决,如果他能全力支持马斯克,DoGE的地位根本就不重要,马斯克的计划必然能通过某些方式得以实现。你们都以为马斯克要学胡雪岩稀罕那红顶子,其实他真正想学的是姚广孝啊!美国联邦政府不是twitter再来看马斯克为DoGE定的目标。11月13日,DoGE就在社媒上开通了官方账号,第一条帖文就立下了flag。DoGE的核心目标就是提升政府效率。但效率这个词可以有很多种定义。因此,为了表明自己的决心,马斯克还给自己下了几个大胆的KPI:第一,将把现有约428个联邦机构裁撤到99个以内,削减约75%;第二,大幅削减政府开支,从联邦预算中削减2万亿美元(美国2024财年总支出为6.75万亿美元,马斯克的目标是砍掉30%)。这两个目标非常惊人。不知道美国联邦公务员们听说之后会不会已经开始瑟瑟发抖担心自己饭碗不保了。但考虑到马首富在买下推特(后改名X)后,把员工总数从8000人砍到1500人的大刀阔斧,这次的政府效率提升计划反倒不显得扎眼了。但关键问题是,美国联邦政府可不是推特/X这样的私营公司。按照美国联邦法律,所有的联邦政府机构(就是马斯克要裁减75%的那些)都是国会通过立法来创立的。每一个机构都有各自特定的功能,同时,也有各自的预算。这些内容的依据都是法律,哪怕是特朗普亲自操刀,也不能说砍就砍,而必须通过严格的法律程序。言下之意是,马斯克在推特/X搞的那一套,是绝不可能简单复制到联邦政府中来的。他在推特/X是拥有绝对权力的,也没有任何法律掣肘他,所以做什么基本都能畅通无阻;但联邦政府有一整套完整的行事程序和法律,主要就是为了防止出现绝对权力滥用的情况。因此,马斯克想要的改革,恐怕并不容易推动起来。相反,他可能会陷入联邦法律的各种条条框框里,寸步难行。马斯克可能干不了多久除了法律程序,联邦政府和推特/X这样的私营公司还有一个巨大的不同是:联邦政府充斥着各种老谋深算的既得利益者。私营公司裁员,说白了就是个生意,按规则,老板给钱,员工走人,一拍两散。但联邦政府可不是这么做事的。很多职业官僚在里面混了很久了,大都有自己的一块利益、“禁脔”。你一个外头来的临时工,靠跟总统关系好上的位,然后嚷嚷着要搞降本增效,那不得动这些老官油子的蛋糕?这都是他们经营好多年甚至几辈人前赴后继攒下的家业,是他们的命根子,今天说拿走就拿走了,这帮人还不得跟马首富拼个你死我活?别说底下的老官油子了,即便是特朗普团队里的这些即将上位的核心成员,也已经开始跟马斯克貌合神离了。这帮人跟着特朗普忠心耿耿蛰伏了四年,如今刚打了个翻身仗,重新上位要准备大展身手的时候,马首富哼哧哼哧跑来把手下人都裁了,预算都砍掉了,就留你个光杆司令,换谁都不会乐意。所以,即便马首富现在有特朗普的支持,但未必能得到其核心团队成员的一致支持。而随着时间的推移,小报告一打,枕边风一吹,两亿美元的恩情慢慢转淡,马斯克保不准逐渐被特朗普所疏远,到那时,首富必将危矣!更要命的是,马斯克还是个习惯高调行事的主儿。这在商界也就罢了,但如果放在政治江湖里,很难不吃大亏。华盛顿特区遍地都是两面三刀的人,哪个政客不得夹起尾巴做人?想那姚广孝,极受朱棣尊崇,在当时绝对算得上权倾天下的人物,但即便如此,哥们每天下了朝,依然回到自己的庙里,换回僧衣,青灯古佛,低调至极。而马首富呢,虽然纵横商界无人匹敌,但在政界仍然只是一枚“小白”,估计不会比他的前辈马尔泰·若曦好到哪里去,后面的路程想必也是步步惊心的吧!当然,马斯克有属于自己的剧本。事已至此,不如让我们看看这出大戏后面到底会怎么唱吧。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":154,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":665773372,"gmtCreate":1667534929196,"gmtModify":1667534931900,"author":{"id":"36503900255130","authorId":"36503900255130","name":"迷雾森林","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/27849548a874c044c2774ecb9e654a34","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":1,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"36503900255130","authorIdStr":"36503900255130"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"感觉这个作者不太懂特斯拉…净瞎说八道","listText":"感觉这个作者不太懂特斯拉…净瞎说八道","text":"感觉这个作者不太懂特斯拉…净瞎说八道","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/665773372","repostId":"2280289575","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"2280289575","kind":"highlight","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"有视角的商业资讯交流平台","home_visible":1,"media_name":"虎嗅APP","id":"101","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/98669fe7974e42f3976b3db47528792d"},"pubTimestamp":1667520060,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2280289575?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-11-04 08:01","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"马斯克没有打价格战的基因","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2280289575","media":"虎嗅APP","summary":"一旦“洋品牌”要靠价格吸引中国消费者,离败退不远了。","content":"<html><head></head><body><p>2022年10月24日,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>突然宣布降价、立即执行,降幅在1.4万~3.7万之间。</p><p>此举刺激了国人对价格战的敏感神经,“蔚小理零”被认为遭到“降维打击”,还有人为<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002594\">比亚迪</a>如何应对操碎了心。</p><p><b>特斯拉没有打价格战的基因。</b>况且一旦“洋品牌”要靠价格吸引中国消费者,离败退不远了。想象一下,假如<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>沦落到与小米打价格战,还能在中国撑多久?</p><p>马斯克有众多梦想,新能源车对他来讲不是“星辰大海”,而是现金牛。净利润=单车利润x销量,怎么赚钱怎么来,仅此而已。</p><p>Model 3下线前,命悬一线</p><p>1)第一次向市场低头</p><p>从2012年6月开始交付Model S,到2015年9月开始交付Model X,特斯拉产能爬升异常缓慢。</p><p>2016年Q1,Model S、Model X交付数分别为1.24万台、2400台,合计1.44万台;</p><p>2017年Q3,Model S、Model X交付数分别为1.41万台、1.19万台,合计2.6万台,同比增幅仅6.7%。</p><p>2017财年,三款车型合计交付10.3万台(其中Model 3交付1764台),整车业务收入85.4亿美元,净亏损22.4亿美元。</p><p>随着Model X交付数日益增长,特斯拉单车均价逐季提高:</p><p>2016年Q1,交付1.48万台(其中Model X交付2400台),交付均价6.9万美元;</p><p>2017年Q1,交付2.5万台(其中Model X交付1.2万台),交付均价9.2万美元;</p><p>2017年Q2,交付数回落到2.2万台(其中Model X交付1万台),交付均价10.4万美元;</p><p>2017年Q3,特斯拉重拾升势,交付2.6万台(其中Model X交付1.2万台),交付均价回落到9万美元,特斯拉交付均价环比下降1.4万美元,折合人民币近10万元。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a29603f5b28c4bcb97f494562d39c222\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>特斯拉显然是在“以价换量”,而且幅度不小,<b>这是马斯克第一次向市场低头。</b></p><p>2)卖得贵、亏得多</p><p>特斯拉早年目标用户是中产阶层中的上层,交付均价超过9万美元,远高于奔驰、宝车在美国的售价。</p><p>马斯克看准这群人“不差钱、只要酷”的心态,不断试探潜在用户的承受能力。2017年Q2,交付均价10万美元、毛利润2.9万美元,毛利润率高达27.9%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8bb8652ecfb74488b64429e2f615fa03\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"558\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2017年,特斯拉交付突破10万台,但距离“规模经济”还差得远。2017年经营亏损16.3亿美元、亏损率达90%。</p><p>尽管对现金流非常重视,特斯拉早年经营活动现金流净额仍是负数,但小于净亏损。</p><p>2015年经营亏损7.1亿美元、净亏损8.9亿美元(亏损率91%)、经营活动现金净流出5.2亿美元。</p><p>2017年是特斯拉的至暗时刻,净亏损达22.4亿美元,但经营活动现金净流出已大幅降至6056万美元,仅为2015年的11.6%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/317ea0efa5644fb88c5d5130e87f36f2\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"592\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>特斯拉早年惨重的亏损再次印证了汽车产业的“规模经济”铁律。<b>即便有精英人士的包容、有钢铁侠的号召力、有黑科技,售价超过9万美元,单车毛利润一度接近3万美元,特斯拉还是亏得奄奄一息。</b>那时华尔街大多数人相信这家公司早晚会倒闭。</p><p>2017年Q3还发生了一件大事——Model 3下线了,当季交付220台,定价3.5万美元。</p><p>Model 3下线后、开始盈利前</p><p>1)Model 3占比超过80%</p><p>2017年Q4,Model 3交付1550台;</p><p>2018年Q3,Model 3交付数环比暴涨203%至5.58万台;季度总交付8.35万台,环比增长105%、同比增长219%。</p><p>2018年Q4,Model 3交付6.3万台,占总交付数的80.8%;</p><p>2019年Q2,总交付数9.5万台、同比增长134%。其中Model 3交付近7.76万台,占比81.5%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5720200e5ed945dbac3db2bac8f1832f\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"576\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>随着Model 3销量占比提高,特斯拉交付均价大幅下降。</p><p>2017年Q4,Model 3占比5.2%、交付均价仍高于9万美元;</p><p>2018年Q4,Model 3占比接近70%、交付均价跌破7万美元;</p><p>2019年Q2,Model 3占比81.5%、交付均价已降至5.65万美元,较2017年Q4低37.6%。</p><p>2)毛利润率保持在20%以上</p><p>2017年Q2,单车毛利润高达2.9万美元,2018年Q2跌至1.7万美元,2019年Q2接近1万美元。2017年Q4~2019年Q3,单车毛利润一降再降,但毛利润率保持在20%一线。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/27d6b2f2e4d44badb9cc46b3c5d0fac3\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"601\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2016年H2,特斯拉交付4.7万台,销售毛利润11亿美元,单车毛利润2.3万美元,毛利润率26.1%;</p><p>2018年H1,交付7万台,较2016年H1增长51.4%,但毛利润仅增长13.8%、至12.3亿美元,单车毛利润降至1.7万美元、毛利润率20.2%。</p><p>2)再次向市场低头</p><p>2016年H2~2018年H1间的这八个季度,特斯拉整车业务盈利能力几乎停滞不前。</p><p>2018年H2,Model 3交付较上半年暴涨347%!带动总交付增长146%,而交付均价只降了17%,所以毛利润暴涨至30.8亿美元,毛利润率24.8%。</p><p>2019年Q1,Model X/S大幅减产,Model 3交付亦减少约19%;2019年Q2,Model 3交付再创新高、达7.8万台,占总交付数的81.5%,交付均价降至5.65万美元(2018年Q4为7万美元)。<b>这是马斯克第二次向市场低头。</b></p><p>2019年H1,特斯拉毛利润17.7亿美元,不到2018年H2的一半。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2a990b94831e4e4a9ac659aa7c99df6a\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"558\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2020年Q1,特斯拉开始交付另一款“中低价”车型——Model Y,距2017年Q3开始交付Model 3已经过去整整9个季度,节奏有点慢。</p><p>有了Model Y的加持,特斯拉交付数快速增长,终于达到规模经济的门槛,迈入“数钱时代”。</p><p>“两个台阶”、“第三、第四次低头”</p><p>1)销量——两年两个台阶</p><p>Model Y开始交付以来,中低档车型占比在95%~99%之间,总交付数两年上了两个台阶:</p><p>2020年H2,总交付数32万台、较上半年增加78.6%,主要归功于Model 3在中国量产。<b>为提高产能利用率,特斯拉数次降价,这是马斯克第三次向市场低头。</b></p><p>2021年Q4~2022年Q1,6个月交付61.9万台,较2021年H1提高60.3%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c112315231764faf9ad7367c4abb389f\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"668\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2020年,特斯拉交付50万台、同比增长35.9%,当年扭亏为盈;2021年,特斯拉交付93.6万台、同比增长87.6%,利润爆棚;2022年前三季,特斯拉交付91万台、同比增长44.8%,赚得盆满钵满。</p><p><b>特斯拉的经历说明,电动车产销规模的“极格线”约为50万台,远高于燃油车。</b></p><p>比亚迪车型丰富,总体定位低于特斯拉,2022年前三季度交付118万台,扣非净利润达83.6亿、同比增长844%!</p><p><b>看来,中<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600617\">国新能源</a>车企大规模盈利的门槛不低于100万台/年。</b></p><p>2)价格——第四次向市场低头</p><p>2019年Q2交付9.5万台,单车毛利润1.07万美元、毛利润率18.9%;</p><p>2020年Q2交付数微降至9.1万台,单车毛利润却提高到1.45万美元、毛利润率提高到25.4%;</p><p>2022年Q1交付31万台,单车毛利润1.8万美元、毛利润率32.9%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f497d0dd7f9b4a019f80993a3acdc7f4\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"659\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2021年H1,特斯拉毛利润53亿美元;2021年H2,毛利润增至86亿美元;2022年H1,毛利润96亿美元,同比增长81%;2022年Q3,单季毛利润52亿美元,超过2021年H1。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6bb215f0c1a946cc9e4d644312f04ae6\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"587\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>2022年Q3毛利润率已经下滑3个百分点,在此背景下宣布降价显然为的是提高销量。这是马斯克第四次向市场低头。</b></p><p>练就“钞能力”</p><p>观众总是健忘的,臆想特斯拉天然具备“钞能力”,忘记这家企业曾筚路蓝缕、几近破产。</p><p>1)成本、费用、毛利润</p><p>蓝色折线代表毛利润(率),彩色堆叠柱代表费用(率),蓝色淹没彩色方能赚取经营利润。</p><p>从2020年开始,蓝线拔地而起,毛利润率依次达到21%、25%、26%。</p><p>彩色堆叠柱越来越“挫”:2018年研发费用率、市场/行政费用率合计达20%;2020年降至14.7%;2022年前三季仅为9.1%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/718979ba8ef947a59cb0c54adf31d684\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"636\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>规模经济不仅体现在降低制造成本、提高毛利润率,还显著降低了费用率。例如2021年,研发费用同比增加了11亿美元,费用率只上升0.1个百分点;市场/行政费用同比增加了14亿美元,费用下还减少了1.6个百分点。</p><p>总费用率下降1.5个百分点。</p><p>4)经营利润、现金流</p><p>2021年以来,特斯拉经营利润率稳步提高。</p><p>2022年H1经营利润达61亿美元,利润率19%;</p><p>2022年Q3,单季经营利润达37亿美元,利润率20%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f143f0756983479c94a7c10edfa9e3ad\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"630\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>早在2018年,深陷亏损的特斯拉经营现金流已然回正,这是他能活下来的关键。</p><p>2020年,特斯拉首次获得8.6亿美元净利润(折合人民币59.5亿),而经营活动现金净流入达59.3亿美元(折合人民币410亿)。</p><p>值得注意的是,比亚迪2020年经营活动现金净流入达454亿,较特斯拉高11%(比亚迪没有单独披露整车业务现金流)。</p><p>2021年,特斯拉经营活动现金流超过比亚迪,折合人民币732亿。</p><p>2022年前三季,比亚迪经营活动现金流反超特斯拉,达到910亿元,领先优势为14%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6d386f53769b4789b5c86e8a101187b9\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"689\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/><b>对马斯克来讲,新能源车是昔日的梦想、如今的现实,其意义有二:一是赚钱,为实现其它梦想(如移民火星)创造条件;二是积攒数据让自动驾驶早日成熟。</b></p><p>这两点都需要尽可能大的销量来支撑。</p><p>马斯克未必把任何能源车企当竞争对手,却不得不向市场低头。</p></body></html>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>马斯克没有打价格战的基因</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ 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0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n马斯克没有打价格战的基因\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/101\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/98669fe7974e42f3976b3db47528792d);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">虎嗅APP </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2022-11-04 08:01</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<html><head></head><body><p>2022年10月24日,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>突然宣布降价、立即执行,降幅在1.4万~3.7万之间。</p><p>此举刺激了国人对价格战的敏感神经,“蔚小理零”被认为遭到“降维打击”,还有人为<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002594\">比亚迪</a>如何应对操碎了心。</p><p><b>特斯拉没有打价格战的基因。</b>况且一旦“洋品牌”要靠价格吸引中国消费者,离败退不远了。想象一下,假如<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>沦落到与小米打价格战,还能在中国撑多久?</p><p>马斯克有众多梦想,新能源车对他来讲不是“星辰大海”,而是现金牛。净利润=单车利润x销量,怎么赚钱怎么来,仅此而已。</p><p>Model 3下线前,命悬一线</p><p>1)第一次向市场低头</p><p>从2012年6月开始交付Model S,到2015年9月开始交付Model X,特斯拉产能爬升异常缓慢。</p><p>2016年Q1,Model S、Model X交付数分别为1.24万台、2400台,合计1.44万台;</p><p>2017年Q3,Model S、Model X交付数分别为1.41万台、1.19万台,合计2.6万台,同比增幅仅6.7%。</p><p>2017财年,三款车型合计交付10.3万台(其中Model 3交付1764台),整车业务收入85.4亿美元,净亏损22.4亿美元。</p><p>随着Model X交付数日益增长,特斯拉单车均价逐季提高:</p><p>2016年Q1,交付1.48万台(其中Model X交付2400台),交付均价6.9万美元;</p><p>2017年Q1,交付2.5万台(其中Model X交付1.2万台),交付均价9.2万美元;</p><p>2017年Q2,交付数回落到2.2万台(其中Model X交付1万台),交付均价10.4万美元;</p><p>2017年Q3,特斯拉重拾升势,交付2.6万台(其中Model X交付1.2万台),交付均价回落到9万美元,特斯拉交付均价环比下降1.4万美元,折合人民币近10万元。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a29603f5b28c4bcb97f494562d39c222\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>特斯拉显然是在“以价换量”,而且幅度不小,<b>这是马斯克第一次向市场低头。</b></p><p>2)卖得贵、亏得多</p><p>特斯拉早年目标用户是中产阶层中的上层,交付均价超过9万美元,远高于奔驰、宝车在美国的售价。</p><p>马斯克看准这群人“不差钱、只要酷”的心态,不断试探潜在用户的承受能力。2017年Q2,交付均价10万美元、毛利润2.9万美元,毛利润率高达27.9%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8bb8652ecfb74488b64429e2f615fa03\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"558\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2017年,特斯拉交付突破10万台,但距离“规模经济”还差得远。2017年经营亏损16.3亿美元、亏损率达90%。</p><p>尽管对现金流非常重视,特斯拉早年经营活动现金流净额仍是负数,但小于净亏损。</p><p>2015年经营亏损7.1亿美元、净亏损8.9亿美元(亏损率91%)、经营活动现金净流出5.2亿美元。</p><p>2017年是特斯拉的至暗时刻,净亏损达22.4亿美元,但经营活动现金净流出已大幅降至6056万美元,仅为2015年的11.6%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/317ea0efa5644fb88c5d5130e87f36f2\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"592\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>特斯拉早年惨重的亏损再次印证了汽车产业的“规模经济”铁律。<b>即便有精英人士的包容、有钢铁侠的号召力、有黑科技,售价超过9万美元,单车毛利润一度接近3万美元,特斯拉还是亏得奄奄一息。</b>那时华尔街大多数人相信这家公司早晚会倒闭。</p><p>2017年Q3还发生了一件大事——Model 3下线了,当季交付220台,定价3.5万美元。</p><p>Model 3下线后、开始盈利前</p><p>1)Model 3占比超过80%</p><p>2017年Q4,Model 3交付1550台;</p><p>2018年Q3,Model 3交付数环比暴涨203%至5.58万台;季度总交付8.35万台,环比增长105%、同比增长219%。</p><p>2018年Q4,Model 3交付6.3万台,占总交付数的80.8%;</p><p>2019年Q2,总交付数9.5万台、同比增长134%。其中Model 3交付近7.76万台,占比81.5%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5720200e5ed945dbac3db2bac8f1832f\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"576\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>随着Model 3销量占比提高,特斯拉交付均价大幅下降。</p><p>2017年Q4,Model 3占比5.2%、交付均价仍高于9万美元;</p><p>2018年Q4,Model 3占比接近70%、交付均价跌破7万美元;</p><p>2019年Q2,Model 3占比81.5%、交付均价已降至5.65万美元,较2017年Q4低37.6%。</p><p>2)毛利润率保持在20%以上</p><p>2017年Q2,单车毛利润高达2.9万美元,2018年Q2跌至1.7万美元,2019年Q2接近1万美元。2017年Q4~2019年Q3,单车毛利润一降再降,但毛利润率保持在20%一线。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/27d6b2f2e4d44badb9cc46b3c5d0fac3\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"601\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2016年H2,特斯拉交付4.7万台,销售毛利润11亿美元,单车毛利润2.3万美元,毛利润率26.1%;</p><p>2018年H1,交付7万台,较2016年H1增长51.4%,但毛利润仅增长13.8%、至12.3亿美元,单车毛利润降至1.7万美元、毛利润率20.2%。</p><p>2)再次向市场低头</p><p>2016年H2~2018年H1间的这八个季度,特斯拉整车业务盈利能力几乎停滞不前。</p><p>2018年H2,Model 3交付较上半年暴涨347%!带动总交付增长146%,而交付均价只降了17%,所以毛利润暴涨至30.8亿美元,毛利润率24.8%。</p><p>2019年Q1,Model X/S大幅减产,Model 3交付亦减少约19%;2019年Q2,Model 3交付再创新高、达7.8万台,占总交付数的81.5%,交付均价降至5.65万美元(2018年Q4为7万美元)。<b>这是马斯克第二次向市场低头。</b></p><p>2019年H1,特斯拉毛利润17.7亿美元,不到2018年H2的一半。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2a990b94831e4e4a9ac659aa7c99df6a\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"558\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2020年Q1,特斯拉开始交付另一款“中低价”车型——Model Y,距2017年Q3开始交付Model 3已经过去整整9个季度,节奏有点慢。</p><p>有了Model Y的加持,特斯拉交付数快速增长,终于达到规模经济的门槛,迈入“数钱时代”。</p><p>“两个台阶”、“第三、第四次低头”</p><p>1)销量——两年两个台阶</p><p>Model Y开始交付以来,中低档车型占比在95%~99%之间,总交付数两年上了两个台阶:</p><p>2020年H2,总交付数32万台、较上半年增加78.6%,主要归功于Model 3在中国量产。<b>为提高产能利用率,特斯拉数次降价,这是马斯克第三次向市场低头。</b></p><p>2021年Q4~2022年Q1,6个月交付61.9万台,较2021年H1提高60.3%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c112315231764faf9ad7367c4abb389f\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"668\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2020年,特斯拉交付50万台、同比增长35.9%,当年扭亏为盈;2021年,特斯拉交付93.6万台、同比增长87.6%,利润爆棚;2022年前三季,特斯拉交付91万台、同比增长44.8%,赚得盆满钵满。</p><p><b>特斯拉的经历说明,电动车产销规模的“极格线”约为50万台,远高于燃油车。</b></p><p>比亚迪车型丰富,总体定位低于特斯拉,2022年前三季度交付118万台,扣非净利润达83.6亿、同比增长844%!</p><p><b>看来,中<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600617\">国新能源</a>车企大规模盈利的门槛不低于100万台/年。</b></p><p>2)价格——第四次向市场低头</p><p>2019年Q2交付9.5万台,单车毛利润1.07万美元、毛利润率18.9%;</p><p>2020年Q2交付数微降至9.1万台,单车毛利润却提高到1.45万美元、毛利润率提高到25.4%;</p><p>2022年Q1交付31万台,单车毛利润1.8万美元、毛利润率32.9%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f497d0dd7f9b4a019f80993a3acdc7f4\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"659\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>2021年H1,特斯拉毛利润53亿美元;2021年H2,毛利润增至86亿美元;2022年H1,毛利润96亿美元,同比增长81%;2022年Q3,单季毛利润52亿美元,超过2021年H1。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6bb215f0c1a946cc9e4d644312f04ae6\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"587\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>2022年Q3毛利润率已经下滑3个百分点,在此背景下宣布降价显然为的是提高销量。这是马斯克第四次向市场低头。</b></p><p>练就“钞能力”</p><p>观众总是健忘的,臆想特斯拉天然具备“钞能力”,忘记这家企业曾筚路蓝缕、几近破产。</p><p>1)成本、费用、毛利润</p><p>蓝色折线代表毛利润(率),彩色堆叠柱代表费用(率),蓝色淹没彩色方能赚取经营利润。</p><p>从2020年开始,蓝线拔地而起,毛利润率依次达到21%、25%、26%。</p><p>彩色堆叠柱越来越“挫”:2018年研发费用率、市场/行政费用率合计达20%;2020年降至14.7%;2022年前三季仅为9.1%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/718979ba8ef947a59cb0c54adf31d684\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"636\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>规模经济不仅体现在降低制造成本、提高毛利润率,还显著降低了费用率。例如2021年,研发费用同比增加了11亿美元,费用率只上升0.1个百分点;市场/行政费用同比增加了14亿美元,费用下还减少了1.6个百分点。</p><p>总费用率下降1.5个百分点。</p><p>4)经营利润、现金流</p><p>2021年以来,特斯拉经营利润率稳步提高。</p><p>2022年H1经营利润达61亿美元,利润率19%;</p><p>2022年Q3,单季经营利润达37亿美元,利润率20%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f143f0756983479c94a7c10edfa9e3ad\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"630\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>早在2018年,深陷亏损的特斯拉经营现金流已然回正,这是他能活下来的关键。</p><p>2020年,特斯拉首次获得8.6亿美元净利润(折合人民币59.5亿),而经营活动现金净流入达59.3亿美元(折合人民币410亿)。</p><p>值得注意的是,比亚迪2020年经营活动现金净流入达454亿,较特斯拉高11%(比亚迪没有单独披露整车业务现金流)。</p><p>2021年,特斯拉经营活动现金流超过比亚迪,折合人民币732亿。</p><p>2022年前三季,比亚迪经营活动现金流反超特斯拉,达到910亿元,领先优势为14%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6d386f53769b4789b5c86e8a101187b9\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"689\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/><b>对马斯克来讲,新能源车是昔日的梦想、如今的现实,其意义有二:一是赚钱,为实现其它梦想(如移民火星)创造条件;二是积攒数据让自动驾驶早日成熟。</b></p><p>这两点都需要尽可能大的销量来支撑。</p><p>马斯克未必把任何能源车企当竞争对手,却不得不向市场低头。</p></body></html>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4aa99ec5829c44fd8a9fb9791710f0c3","relate_stocks":{"TSLA":"特斯拉"},"source_url":"","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2280289575","content_text":"2022年10月24日,特斯拉突然宣布降价、立即执行,降幅在1.4万~3.7万之间。此举刺激了国人对价格战的敏感神经,“蔚小理零”被认为遭到“降维打击”,还有人为比亚迪如何应对操碎了心。特斯拉没有打价格战的基因。况且一旦“洋品牌”要靠价格吸引中国消费者,离败退不远了。想象一下,假如苹果沦落到与小米打价格战,还能在中国撑多久?马斯克有众多梦想,新能源车对他来讲不是“星辰大海”,而是现金牛。净利润=单车利润x销量,怎么赚钱怎么来,仅此而已。Model 3下线前,命悬一线1)第一次向市场低头从2012年6月开始交付Model S,到2015年9月开始交付Model X,特斯拉产能爬升异常缓慢。2016年Q1,Model S、Model X交付数分别为1.24万台、2400台,合计1.44万台;2017年Q3,Model S、Model X交付数分别为1.41万台、1.19万台,合计2.6万台,同比增幅仅6.7%。2017财年,三款车型合计交付10.3万台(其中Model 3交付1764台),整车业务收入85.4亿美元,净亏损22.4亿美元。随着Model X交付数日益增长,特斯拉单车均价逐季提高:2016年Q1,交付1.48万台(其中Model X交付2400台),交付均价6.9万美元;2017年Q1,交付2.5万台(其中Model X交付1.2万台),交付均价9.2万美元;2017年Q2,交付数回落到2.2万台(其中Model X交付1万台),交付均价10.4万美元;2017年Q3,特斯拉重拾升势,交付2.6万台(其中Model X交付1.2万台),交付均价回落到9万美元,特斯拉交付均价环比下降1.4万美元,折合人民币近10万元。特斯拉显然是在“以价换量”,而且幅度不小,这是马斯克第一次向市场低头。2)卖得贵、亏得多特斯拉早年目标用户是中产阶层中的上层,交付均价超过9万美元,远高于奔驰、宝车在美国的售价。马斯克看准这群人“不差钱、只要酷”的心态,不断试探潜在用户的承受能力。2017年Q2,交付均价10万美元、毛利润2.9万美元,毛利润率高达27.9%。2017年,特斯拉交付突破10万台,但距离“规模经济”还差得远。2017年经营亏损16.3亿美元、亏损率达90%。尽管对现金流非常重视,特斯拉早年经营活动现金流净额仍是负数,但小于净亏损。2015年经营亏损7.1亿美元、净亏损8.9亿美元(亏损率91%)、经营活动现金净流出5.2亿美元。2017年是特斯拉的至暗时刻,净亏损达22.4亿美元,但经营活动现金净流出已大幅降至6056万美元,仅为2015年的11.6%。特斯拉早年惨重的亏损再次印证了汽车产业的“规模经济”铁律。即便有精英人士的包容、有钢铁侠的号召力、有黑科技,售价超过9万美元,单车毛利润一度接近3万美元,特斯拉还是亏得奄奄一息。那时华尔街大多数人相信这家公司早晚会倒闭。2017年Q3还发生了一件大事——Model 3下线了,当季交付220台,定价3.5万美元。Model 3下线后、开始盈利前1)Model 3占比超过80%2017年Q4,Model 3交付1550台;2018年Q3,Model 3交付数环比暴涨203%至5.58万台;季度总交付8.35万台,环比增长105%、同比增长219%。2018年Q4,Model 3交付6.3万台,占总交付数的80.8%;2019年Q2,总交付数9.5万台、同比增长134%。其中Model 3交付近7.76万台,占比81.5%。随着Model 3销量占比提高,特斯拉交付均价大幅下降。2017年Q4,Model 3占比5.2%、交付均价仍高于9万美元;2018年Q4,Model 3占比接近70%、交付均价跌破7万美元;2019年Q2,Model 3占比81.5%、交付均价已降至5.65万美元,较2017年Q4低37.6%。2)毛利润率保持在20%以上2017年Q2,单车毛利润高达2.9万美元,2018年Q2跌至1.7万美元,2019年Q2接近1万美元。2017年Q4~2019年Q3,单车毛利润一降再降,但毛利润率保持在20%一线。2016年H2,特斯拉交付4.7万台,销售毛利润11亿美元,单车毛利润2.3万美元,毛利润率26.1%;2018年H1,交付7万台,较2016年H1增长51.4%,但毛利润仅增长13.8%、至12.3亿美元,单车毛利润降至1.7万美元、毛利润率20.2%。2)再次向市场低头2016年H2~2018年H1间的这八个季度,特斯拉整车业务盈利能力几乎停滞不前。2018年H2,Model 3交付较上半年暴涨347%!带动总交付增长146%,而交付均价只降了17%,所以毛利润暴涨至30.8亿美元,毛利润率24.8%。2019年Q1,Model X/S大幅减产,Model 3交付亦减少约19%;2019年Q2,Model 3交付再创新高、达7.8万台,占总交付数的81.5%,交付均价降至5.65万美元(2018年Q4为7万美元)。这是马斯克第二次向市场低头。2019年H1,特斯拉毛利润17.7亿美元,不到2018年H2的一半。2020年Q1,特斯拉开始交付另一款“中低价”车型——Model Y,距2017年Q3开始交付Model 3已经过去整整9个季度,节奏有点慢。有了Model Y的加持,特斯拉交付数快速增长,终于达到规模经济的门槛,迈入“数钱时代”。“两个台阶”、“第三、第四次低头”1)销量——两年两个台阶Model Y开始交付以来,中低档车型占比在95%~99%之间,总交付数两年上了两个台阶:2020年H2,总交付数32万台、较上半年增加78.6%,主要归功于Model 3在中国量产。为提高产能利用率,特斯拉数次降价,这是马斯克第三次向市场低头。2021年Q4~2022年Q1,6个月交付61.9万台,较2021年H1提高60.3%。2020年,特斯拉交付50万台、同比增长35.9%,当年扭亏为盈;2021年,特斯拉交付93.6万台、同比增长87.6%,利润爆棚;2022年前三季,特斯拉交付91万台、同比增长44.8%,赚得盆满钵满。特斯拉的经历说明,电动车产销规模的“极格线”约为50万台,远高于燃油车。比亚迪车型丰富,总体定位低于特斯拉,2022年前三季度交付118万台,扣非净利润达83.6亿、同比增长844%!看来,中国新能源车企大规模盈利的门槛不低于100万台/年。2)价格——第四次向市场低头2019年Q2交付9.5万台,单车毛利润1.07万美元、毛利润率18.9%;2020年Q2交付数微降至9.1万台,单车毛利润却提高到1.45万美元、毛利润率提高到25.4%;2022年Q1交付31万台,单车毛利润1.8万美元、毛利润率32.9%。2021年H1,特斯拉毛利润53亿美元;2021年H2,毛利润增至86亿美元;2022年H1,毛利润96亿美元,同比增长81%;2022年Q3,单季毛利润52亿美元,超过2021年H1。2022年Q3毛利润率已经下滑3个百分点,在此背景下宣布降价显然为的是提高销量。这是马斯克第四次向市场低头。练就“钞能力”观众总是健忘的,臆想特斯拉天然具备“钞能力”,忘记这家企业曾筚路蓝缕、几近破产。1)成本、费用、毛利润蓝色折线代表毛利润(率),彩色堆叠柱代表费用(率),蓝色淹没彩色方能赚取经营利润。从2020年开始,蓝线拔地而起,毛利润率依次达到21%、25%、26%。彩色堆叠柱越来越“挫”:2018年研发费用率、市场/行政费用率合计达20%;2020年降至14.7%;2022年前三季仅为9.1%。规模经济不仅体现在降低制造成本、提高毛利润率,还显著降低了费用率。例如2021年,研发费用同比增加了11亿美元,费用率只上升0.1个百分点;市场/行政费用同比增加了14亿美元,费用下还减少了1.6个百分点。总费用率下降1.5个百分点。4)经营利润、现金流2021年以来,特斯拉经营利润率稳步提高。2022年H1经营利润达61亿美元,利润率19%;2022年Q3,单季经营利润达37亿美元,利润率20%。早在2018年,深陷亏损的特斯拉经营现金流已然回正,这是他能活下来的关键。2020年,特斯拉首次获得8.6亿美元净利润(折合人民币59.5亿),而经营活动现金净流入达59.3亿美元(折合人民币410亿)。值得注意的是,比亚迪2020年经营活动现金净流入达454亿,较特斯拉高11%(比亚迪没有单独披露整车业务现金流)。2021年,特斯拉经营活动现金流超过比亚迪,折合人民币732亿。2022年前三季,比亚迪经营活动现金流反超特斯拉,达到910亿元,领先优势为14%。对马斯克来讲,新能源车是昔日的梦想、如今的现实,其意义有二:一是赚钱,为实现其它梦想(如移民火星)创造条件;二是积攒数据让自动驾驶早日成熟。这两点都需要尽可能大的销量来支撑。马斯克未必把任何能源车企当竞争对手,却不得不向市场低头。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1633,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":669581423,"gmtCreate":1662520273762,"gmtModify":1662520274699,"author":{"id":"36503900255130","authorId":"36503900255130","name":"迷雾森林","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/27849548a874c044c2774ecb9e654a34","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":1,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"36503900255130","authorIdStr":"36503900255130"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"别发这种恶心的新闻好吗","listText":"别发这种恶心的新闻好吗","text":"别发这种恶心的新闻好吗","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/669581423","repostId":"1117440489","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"1117440489","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1662519594,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1117440489?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-09-07 10:59","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"Mate50时隔两年归来,华为的竞争对手已不是苹果?","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1117440489","media":"Tech星球","summary":"竞争紧迫,华为已经在路上了。","content":"<html><head></head><body><p>文/杨晓鹤</p><p>9月6日,时隔两年归来,华为再次发布了Mate系列手机。</p><p>虽然发布会依旧有“吊打<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>”传统,不过“余大嘴”余承东一句英文简单带过了处理器介绍,还是让大家化身侦探。实际上,华为终端BG CEO余承东不想过多提及的处理器,正是华为的“芯痛”——不能用麒麟系列最新芯片,用的是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QCOM\">高通</a>骁龙的芯片。</p><p>不过,这款新手机意外地采用了骁龙8+处理器,不是此前传言的上一代“火龙”;不意外地是这款芯片只有4G,没有5G。实际上,被封禁两年的华为,不仅5G芯片,甚至高端摄像头、12G运行内存都受到一定程度的影响,可以说新发布的Mate 50,也是在带着脚镣跳舞。</p><p>这些措施也让华为的消费者业务遭受重创。数据统计,2020年上半年国内高端手机市场上,华为44.1%的份额,超越苹果成为世界第一,如今在很多统计中,已经被归类到前五以外的Others(其他)。因为没有高端芯片,2021年华为直接没有推出Mate系列旗舰机,在这个快速迭代的数码市场,消费者一年时间就会忘掉旧爱,转投新欢。</p><p>从数据看,过去两年中,苹果以16%的市场份额排名升至第二,要知道苹果手机定位高端市场,出货量鲜有低端机型。可以说,华为曾经想挑战的那个巨无霸,如今更加强大。为了不被2天后发布的iPhone 14 打败,这次华为也推出了卫星通信等<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/5RE.SI\">智能</a>机黑科技。</p><p>这些黑科技功能能否弥补5G的缺失,要看9月21日发售后,届时经销商是否会对Mate50加价发售,市场对这款机型的热情都可“管中窥豹”。当然,华为也并非仅仅依赖这款手机“翻身”。这场发布会上,华为也推出了笔记本、音响等诸多生态产品,以及问界M5 EV纯电版车。</p><p>华为与苹果竞争,某种维度已经搁置,当然是非产品和技术实力的因素。极速进军新能源领域的华为,竞争对手或许已经不是苹果。</p><p><b>不得不发的旗舰机</b></p><p>华为的Mate系列之所以备受期待,主要原因是这款机型,几乎算是国产智能机,唯一一款“冲高端”成功的系列机型。</p><p>一直以来,国内外的高端智能手机市场,几乎被<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SMSN.UK\">三星</a>和苹果把持。Mate系列算是坚持了10年,某种程度算是打造了自己的高端品牌形象。“大屏长续航、AI影像、反向充电、隔空手势操作都是华为的创新”,这次发布会,余承东回忆了华为Mate系列的发展节点。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/0d6f63821612f39689a0678fde0e0d8a\" tg-width=\"550\" tg-height=\"308\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>对于旗舰机来说,不断地创新是吸引消费者购买的关键。这也意味着,虽然华为两年没有发布新旗舰,但其技术也在不断积累。所以尽管没有5G,Mate也会抢占一些技术首发权,对于华为来说也是十分必要的事情。</p><p>所以大家会看到,华为首发了一些黑科技。</p><p>最值得关注的是Mate50率先支持了卫星通信能力,这样用户即便是身处荒漠无人区、出海遇险、地震救援等无地面网络信号覆盖的环境下,也能随时通过通过App,将文字和位置信息发出求助,并支持多条位置生成轨迹地图。</p><p>这项技术很多厂商都在研发,预计在2022年,吉利收购后的魅族手机,以及即将发布iPhone14,都会采用卫星通信技术。华为抢先发布这一技术,也是为保住华为在通信领域的领先。但坊间也有不少人认为,这一技术适应场景多是徒步、野外作业等人群,日常生活场景中很难用到。</p><p>还有华为新发布的XMAGE影像系统,首发10档可变光圈,还有业界最大F1.4光圈、支持2.5cm超级微距拍摄。同时,华为Mate50支持100变焦范围,华为Mate50 Pro支持200倍的变焦范围,这套影像系统目前算业界天花板,可如果技术留存到明年,也不会有优势。</p><p>当然,华为这次还带来了没电也能打电话能力,华为Mate50系列在1%低电量下自动进入应急模式,支持通话12分钟、亮码10次,或者扫码4次等应急操作。</p><p>其他诸如昆仑屏幕、智感扫码也是华为系列相对热门的创新。正是这些技术能力创新,华为需要通过新款手机将其推向市场应用。</p><p>当然,不少消费者认为Mate 50外观设计不够好看,再加上4G的智能手机,也让不少本打算换机的消费者打起了退堂鼓,这也是仁者见仁的选择。</p><p>毕竟从横向看,如今能和Mate全方面抗衡的机型,也就是三星的 S22U,以及小米的12 SU,还有即将发售的iPhone 14。但苹果传统的挤牙膏式创新,iPhone 14预计也很难带来颠覆式创新,赢得市场还是依靠整体优化体验感。</p><p><b>华为艰难拓展布局</b></p><p>在没有华为Mate 新款的两年时间里,华为出售了荣耀和X86服务器业务,但也没能阻止财报数据的下滑。</p><p>根据华为最新财报数据显示,2022年上半年,华为实现营收2986.80亿元,净利润为146.29亿元。华为销售收入的总体降幅不是很大,同比下降了5%左右,但净利润已经腰斩,去年同期还有360亿元。</p><p>与华为一起度过难关的,还有全国的华为门店。</p><p>第一年中,不少店依靠华为Mate40系列的溢价销售,还赚得盆满钵满。第二年中,华为开始加大布局智能生态体系,期待用生态产品顶上,维持着单店成交额。</p><p>为此,这两年华为也接连发布了不少智能生态产品。从这次发布会看也可以看出,华为的生态产品之多,已经媲美“小米杂货铺”的数量。</p><p>在智能机配套的产品方面,这次华为带来了华为 FreeBuds Pro2、华为 Sound X 剧院版和华为 Sound Joy,以及Watch GT 3 Pro等几款产品。这些产品本身技术升级空间不大,都是小功能迭代升级。</p><p>更重头的是,一些华为大件产品。在大屏幕显示器上,华为带来了分体式笔记本MateBook E Go ,以及华为最大的平板电脑产品MatePad Pro。在kindle败退的市场中,华为也推出了墨水屏MatePad Paper 。</p><p>还有不太被关注的高性能主机市场,华为带来了华为 MateStation S,以及一款新奇产品华为家庭存储,这款产品凭借华为的分布式存储,能帮助手机和PC实现 2TB+2TB、8TB+8TB 两种版本扩容。</p><p>如果说这些生态的共同特性,可以总结出亮点。首先都是属于鸿蒙生态,这让华为的众多产品能够实现超级互联功能,因为不同硬件产品之间都用鸿蒙系统,不仅解决了其他生态还需应用互动的累赘,更是能让硬件之间也可以数据打通。</p><p>另一个特点就是价格都贵,这次华为手机最高就到了12999元的售价,在国内2000元左右的主流智能机消费市场,这款价格确实不低。而且华为的生态产品也普遍比较贵,这次发布会中,不算华为 Sound X 鎏金版和墨水屏尊享版等特殊版本,其他普通版本产品也并不便宜。以智能音箱看,华为Sound X new售价达到了1899元,小米的高保真音箱是448元,品质和技术造成的差距,是否造成了4倍的差价,还得打问号。</p><p>但似乎市场对华为的一些产品还比较认可,根据市场研究机构Canalys发布的最新数据显示,二季度,在中国市场,华为台式机和笔记本电脑出货量为83.8万台,同比增长80.7%,市场份额为7.3%,排名第四;华为平板电脑出货量为103.9万台,同比增长0.5%,市场份额为17.7%,排名第二。这些生态产品,确实为华为消费者业务“止渴”。</p><p>也许华为Mate系列,由于缺少5G能力,已经被规划为引流款,而众多生态产品高定价,则被规划为利润款。但对于华为的体量来说,显然生态产品短期还难以撑起跌落的营收。</p><p>那么,华为的真正依靠是什么?</p><p><b>竞争对手或已经不是苹果</b></p><p>在2022年中,华为净利润降50%之际,华为创始人任正非带来了第6次“寒冬论”。称除了为生存下来的连续性投资以及能够盈利的主要目标,未来几年内不能产生价值和利润的边缘业务应该缩减或关闭。</p><p>其实华为资金端募集的难度,早已经初见端倪。据《证券日报》统计,截至 8 月初,华为今年发债募资额将达到 240 亿元,创下历史新高,已经是去年 80 亿元的 3 倍。</p><p>而华为的这场发布会的压轴产品,或许是华为未来的答案。</p><p>在这场发布会上,余承东最后介绍了AITO问界M5 EV。这款纯电车型 ,定位五座中型 SUV,搭载 HarmonyOS 3 智能座舱,标准版与性能版的售价分别为 28.86 与 31.98 万元。车机系统一直是问界系列的强项,也是这款车备受关注的原因。但由于问界系列是华为智选,不是Hi car合作模式,所以没有华为最强的自动驾驶方案,目前这款电动车的辅助驾驶仅为L2 级别。</p><p>即便如此,问界系列的大销,也让华为找到了新的方向。据华为披露,截至2022年9月6日20点30分,问界M5 EV订单用户已超过3万。而自AITO问界系列自今年3月5日开启交付,仅用170天就完成超3万台交付,缺芯、疫情、高温、限电等诸多因素,似乎并未太大影响销售成绩,同时在8月份,问界实现单月交付破万的成绩单,AITO也成为成长最快的智能电动汽车品牌。</p><p>值得关注的是,新的问界 M7 已经发布,即将开始市场销售。对于两款车未来的销量,华为也是比较有信心,这从问界系列的合作伙伴赛里斯,已经在重庆二厂投产,三厂开建的扩产力度中可见一斑。外加Hi car合作模式中,阿维塔11、极狐阿尔法S等车型已经发布,华为系新能源车已经成为市场中的重要力量。</p><p>据IT之家报道,有经销商采访时提到:“按一辆成交价 30 万计算加上车贷及保险收入,卖一辆车能赚近三万块,这个毛利水平相当于卖 60 台华为手机。”新造车无疑是华为手机业务遇挫后,华为可以真正依靠的新业务。</p><p>目前,华为已经率先进入新造车这条万亿赛道,相较苹果造车8年难产来说,华为已经领先一步。</p><p>或许是在智能机领域躺赚的太舒服,苹果在可预见的两年内,已经也不会推出汽车产品。而对于华为来说,余承东曾言2023年王者归来,华为手机面临的桎梏,届时应该也很难解除。所以短期内,大家的焦点竞争对手可能已经不是彼此。</p><p>华为每年造车相关的投入超15亿美元,全力以赴的新造车道路上,华为终于可以大施拳脚。再造万亿美元的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>,对于华为来说也并非是遥不可及的梦想。当然,华为还有造车还有最后一道“紧箍咒”,那便是2023年前不亲自下场造车。</p><p>也许竞争紧迫,华为已经在路上了。</p></body></html>","source":"techxq","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Mate50时隔两年归来,华为的竞争对手已不是苹果?</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 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0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nMate50时隔两年归来,华为的竞争对手已不是苹果?\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2022-09-07 10:59 北京时间 <a href=http://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/csj/2022-09-07/doc-imqmmtha6275960.shtml><strong>Tech星球</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>文/杨晓鹤9月6日,时隔两年归来,华为再次发布了Mate系列手机。虽然发布会依旧有“吊打苹果”传统,不过“余大嘴”余承东一句英文简单带过了处理器介绍,还是让大家化身侦探。实际上,华为终端BG CEO余承东不想过多提及的处理器,正是华为的“芯痛”——不能用麒麟系列最新芯片,用的是高通骁龙的芯片。不过,这款新手机意外地采用了骁龙8+处理器,不是此前传言的上一代“火龙”;不意外地是这款芯片只有4G,没有...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/csj/2022-09-07/doc-imqmmtha6275960.shtml\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7f0607d088fd08637f4d6d330897aafb","relate_stocks":{"AAPL":"苹果"},"source_url":"http://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/csj/2022-09-07/doc-imqmmtha6275960.shtml","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1117440489","content_text":"文/杨晓鹤9月6日,时隔两年归来,华为再次发布了Mate系列手机。虽然发布会依旧有“吊打苹果”传统,不过“余大嘴”余承东一句英文简单带过了处理器介绍,还是让大家化身侦探。实际上,华为终端BG CEO余承东不想过多提及的处理器,正是华为的“芯痛”——不能用麒麟系列最新芯片,用的是高通骁龙的芯片。不过,这款新手机意外地采用了骁龙8+处理器,不是此前传言的上一代“火龙”;不意外地是这款芯片只有4G,没有5G。实际上,被封禁两年的华为,不仅5G芯片,甚至高端摄像头、12G运行内存都受到一定程度的影响,可以说新发布的Mate 50,也是在带着脚镣跳舞。这些措施也让华为的消费者业务遭受重创。数据统计,2020年上半年国内高端手机市场上,华为44.1%的份额,超越苹果成为世界第一,如今在很多统计中,已经被归类到前五以外的Others(其他)。因为没有高端芯片,2021年华为直接没有推出Mate系列旗舰机,在这个快速迭代的数码市场,消费者一年时间就会忘掉旧爱,转投新欢。从数据看,过去两年中,苹果以16%的市场份额排名升至第二,要知道苹果手机定位高端市场,出货量鲜有低端机型。可以说,华为曾经想挑战的那个巨无霸,如今更加强大。为了不被2天后发布的iPhone 14 打败,这次华为也推出了卫星通信等智能机黑科技。这些黑科技功能能否弥补5G的缺失,要看9月21日发售后,届时经销商是否会对Mate50加价发售,市场对这款机型的热情都可“管中窥豹”。当然,华为也并非仅仅依赖这款手机“翻身”。这场发布会上,华为也推出了笔记本、音响等诸多生态产品,以及问界M5 EV纯电版车。华为与苹果竞争,某种维度已经搁置,当然是非产品和技术实力的因素。极速进军新能源领域的华为,竞争对手或许已经不是苹果。不得不发的旗舰机华为的Mate系列之所以备受期待,主要原因是这款机型,几乎算是国产智能机,唯一一款“冲高端”成功的系列机型。一直以来,国内外的高端智能手机市场,几乎被三星和苹果把持。Mate系列算是坚持了10年,某种程度算是打造了自己的高端品牌形象。“大屏长续航、AI影像、反向充电、隔空手势操作都是华为的创新”,这次发布会,余承东回忆了华为Mate系列的发展节点。对于旗舰机来说,不断地创新是吸引消费者购买的关键。这也意味着,虽然华为两年没有发布新旗舰,但其技术也在不断积累。所以尽管没有5G,Mate也会抢占一些技术首发权,对于华为来说也是十分必要的事情。所以大家会看到,华为首发了一些黑科技。最值得关注的是Mate50率先支持了卫星通信能力,这样用户即便是身处荒漠无人区、出海遇险、地震救援等无地面网络信号覆盖的环境下,也能随时通过通过App,将文字和位置信息发出求助,并支持多条位置生成轨迹地图。这项技术很多厂商都在研发,预计在2022年,吉利收购后的魅族手机,以及即将发布iPhone14,都会采用卫星通信技术。华为抢先发布这一技术,也是为保住华为在通信领域的领先。但坊间也有不少人认为,这一技术适应场景多是徒步、野外作业等人群,日常生活场景中很难用到。还有华为新发布的XMAGE影像系统,首发10档可变光圈,还有业界最大F1.4光圈、支持2.5cm超级微距拍摄。同时,华为Mate50支持100变焦范围,华为Mate50 Pro支持200倍的变焦范围,这套影像系统目前算业界天花板,可如果技术留存到明年,也不会有优势。当然,华为这次还带来了没电也能打电话能力,华为Mate50系列在1%低电量下自动进入应急模式,支持通话12分钟、亮码10次,或者扫码4次等应急操作。其他诸如昆仑屏幕、智感扫码也是华为系列相对热门的创新。正是这些技术能力创新,华为需要通过新款手机将其推向市场应用。当然,不少消费者认为Mate 50外观设计不够好看,再加上4G的智能手机,也让不少本打算换机的消费者打起了退堂鼓,这也是仁者见仁的选择。毕竟从横向看,如今能和Mate全方面抗衡的机型,也就是三星的 S22U,以及小米的12 SU,还有即将发售的iPhone 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