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XYV
2021-05-28
$戴尔(DELL)$
业绩大增,股价大跌.?
XYV
2020-07-13
$Beyond Meat, Inc.(BYND)$
垃圾
XYV
2020-01-30
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
卖了,下来在买进
XYV
2020-01-14
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
一直唱衰特斯拉的瑞银、高盛在哪里.?
XYV
2020-04-18
$Take-Two Interactive Software(TTWO)$
疫情影响都宅在家里,利好游戏股..
XYV
2020-02-26
$吉利德科学(GILD)$
越跌越买,医药股抗风险能力强!
XYV
2020-02-10
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
强弩之末
XYV
2020-01-29
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
今天不怎么样
XYV
2020-12-19
分析超棒
阿里收购“怪圈”:从独角兽变为弃子
XYV
2020-04-23
$Take-Two Interactive Software(TTWO)$
盘前大跌,什么情况?
XYV
2020-03-12
$AI Powered Equity ETF(AIEQ)$
业绩太差,人工智能模型看来图有虚名
XYV
2020-03-04
$Salesforce(CRM)$
靠并购上规模,盈利不行,太贵
XYV
2020-02-29
$维珍银河(SPCE)$
无量,没戏
XYV
2020-02-28
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
真成股灾了
XYV
2020-02-28
$苹果(AAPL)$
盘前又大跌,不妙
XYV
2020-02-26
$维珍银河(SPCE)$
大泡沫
XYV
2020-02-04
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
疯了
去老虎APP查看更多动态
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12:55","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"阿里收购“怪圈”:从独角兽变为弃子","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1159289395","media":"DoNews","summary":"虾米将死?\n2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。\n彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交","content":"<p><b>虾米将死?</b></p>\n<p>2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。</p>\n<p>彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交给阿里时尚有2000万名注册用户以及高达六七百万的月活用户。</p>\n<p>尽管虾米上聚集了一批数量不小的拥趸,但由于当时用户的付费习惯尚未养成,导致用户付费率不足千分之五,而虾米在率先推出在线付费这一盈利模式之后,其微薄的收入并不足以支付高昂的音乐版权费用。</p>\n<p>因此,仅靠融资过活的虾米很快便举步维艰,这才有了小而美的音乐平台委身于资本大鳄的故事。</p>\n<p>不过,傍上阿里这个大款,并没有让虾米的日子好过多久。二者的热恋期一过,前者的态度便迅速冷淡下来,导致虾米在最关键的版权大战中错失良机,与对手之间的差距也越来越大,最终甚至被对方玩家硬生生地赶下牌桌。</p>\n<p>2015年,国家版权局的一纸声明掀起了国内音乐平台之间的版权大战,其中最主要的参战方分别是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00700\">腾讯</a>QQ音乐、海洋音乐(酷狗音乐、酷我音乐)以及整合了虾米音乐和天天动听的阿里音乐。</p>\n<p>最初,阿里音乐率先拿下了滚石、华研、相信、寰亚、BMG等几家知名唱片公司的独家版权,与另外两位对手形成三足鼎立之势。但随着QQ音乐与海洋音乐联手,成立了<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TME\">腾讯音乐</a>娱乐集团TME并一举将环球、华纳、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNE\">索尼</a>、YG等数十家唱片公司的独家版权收入囊中,形单影只的阿里音乐开始在这场版权争夺战中逐渐失势。</p>\n<p>根据艾瑞咨询《2016年中国在线音乐行业研究报告》显示,截至2016年,TME旗下三大在线音乐平台的版权覆盖率已经达到90%,而阿里音乐只有20%。另外,泛娱乐大数据平台艺恩数据也显示,从2015年到2016年,QQ音乐的曲库规模达到了1500万首,而对比之下,虾米音乐只有400万首。</p>\n<p>由于在这场版权大战中败北,虾米迎来的不仅是歌单的大面积变灰和用户的快速流失,同时也坐上阿里递过来的“冷板凳”。</p>\n<p>眼看版权之争无望,阿里迅速止损,又把眼光放到了在线音乐平台的转型上,这一次他们挑中了阿里音乐中主打大众用户的天天动听。</p>\n<p>由高晓松、宋坷、何灵组成的“铁三角”将天天动听改名为阿里星球,企图将其改造成一个打通全产业链的泛娱乐交易平台。为此,阿里星球在北京万达索菲特酒店的发布会上甚至请来了半个娱乐圈前来捧场。</p>\n<p>但这场斥资数百万、声势浩大的开头并没有为天天动听的转型带来好运,仅在八个月后,阿里这颗刚刚冉冉升起的星球就因为强行改版造成的界面和操作混乱导致用户体验不佳从而极速陨落。</p>\n<p>而在一旁坐冷板凳的虾米不仅在版权大战中丧失了主动权,而且还因为阿里方将资源向阿里星球倾斜逐渐被边缘化。直到去年6月,在阿里的新一轮组织架构调整中,虾米音乐由之前的大文娱板块划入到阿里的创新业务事业群,算是被彻底打入“冷宫”。</p>\n<p>根据第三方数据机构URORA<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/JG\">极光</a>的最新数据显示,2020年10月,虾米音乐的市场份额不足2%,与排名第一的QQ音乐近27%的占有率对比已经相去甚远。</p>\n<p>更为残酷的是,在虾米被抛弃仅三个月后,其对手<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NTES\">网易</a>云音乐就收到了阿里“示爱”的橄榄枝——领投的7亿美元融资,并且在今年8月,阿里正式将淘宝88VIP附赠的一年虾米会员换成了网易云音乐的黑胶VIP。</p>\n<p>事到如今,虾米于近期传出将于明年1月关停的消息似乎也不足为奇了。</p>\n<p><b>优酷掉队</b></p>\n<p>和虾米一样,此前同属于大文娱板块的优酷土豆(以下简称“优酷”)在被阿里收购以后,也开始在长视频平台大战中颓势尽显。</p>\n<p>在投入阿里的怀抱之前,优酷也曾经历了一段发展的巅峰时期。</p>\n<p>业务模式对标YouTube的优酷,以UGC(用户生产内容)内容生产模式为主,先后打败了56、六间房、酷6等一众玩家,成为全球首家独立上市的视频网站。两年后,通过与最大竞争对手土豆网的合并,优酷凭借近50%的市场份额,一举坐上了视频网站的头把交椅。</p>\n<p>辉煌的日子并不长久,随着版权大战的打响,优酷平台上的内容遭遇大面积清洗,而背靠<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">百度</a>和腾讯的新玩家<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/IQ\">爱奇艺</a>和腾讯视频却因为两大巨头的撑腰异军突起。其中,爱奇艺凭借大热韩剧《来自星星的你》在两个月内即创造了13.5亿的播放量,而腾讯视频买下的《权利的游戏》等经典美剧也化身为吸粉利器。</p>\n<p>此时,经历了几轮烧钱大战的优酷开始显得力不从心,将求救的目光投向了金主阿里。</p>\n<p>2016年4月,阿里以超过46亿美金的价格将优酷收至麾下,并赋予其大文娱排头兵的角色。不过可惜的是,就在其他玩家疯狂砸钱购买热门版权并不断壮大会员规模之际,优酷却经历了四年三度换帅的人事动荡,以致于错失了版权大战中抢夺主动权的最佳时机。</p>\n<p>首帅俞永福擅长融合,将战略重点放在了优酷与整个阿里大文娱集团的打通上。这一时期,优酷逐步放弃了音乐、游戏等UGC内容,转型为与爱奇艺和腾讯视频完全一样的以剧集和综艺为主的播放平台。</p>\n<p>继帅杨伟东作为优酷团队的元老一直以激进风格著称,其接任之后优酷开始不计成本的在市场上抢夺热门剧集和综艺版权,且报价常常是对手的两倍。同时,优酷还投入了大量资金开发自制剧和综艺等能够迅速贡献流量的内容。</p>\n<p>在杨伟东坐阵期间,优酷接连推出了《白夜追凶》《军师联盟》等热门剧集以及《这!就是街舞》《这!就是灌篮》等爆款综艺。通过其“剧集类型化+ 综艺系列化”的这一套打法,此前被对手赶超的优酷也再次爆发了事业中的“第二春”。</p>\n<p>根据易观发布的报告显示,2017年,优酷独播网剧以539.2亿的播放量占据市场第一,接近爱奇艺(227.5亿)和腾讯视频(322.1亿)的两家之和。另外,优酷的月活用户数与对手之间的差距也在这一期间大幅缩小。</p>\n<p>然而好景不长,随着杨伟东因经济问题被带走,优酷艰难迎来的高光时刻又再次归于沉寂。在现任掌门人樊路远的带领下,优酷又开始变得务实起来,一直将“控制成本、减少亏损”当作新的战略重点,而退出版权大战的优酷与对手之间的差距也在此时又再一次被拉大。</p>\n<p>根据第三方平台Trustdata的数据显示,截至今年4月,爱奇艺的月活用户数为2.8亿、腾讯视频为2.1亿,而对比之下优酷仅为1.1亿。另外值得一提的是,连抖音、快手、西瓜视频等新兴对手也都后来者居上排在了优酷的前面,曾经的视频行业老大悄然掉队已是不争的事实。</p>\n<p>如今,在长视频领域失势的优酷又重新捡起UGC,再次押注短视频领域。但对早已放弃最佳入局时机的优酷来说,在面对抖音、快手以及B站等平台的强势崛起时,其想要在该领域实现突围恐怕会比长视频之争更加艰难。</p>\n<p>面对日渐失势的优酷,阿里的态度与对待虾米如出一辙。</p>\n<p>本月初,阿里牵手芒果,以62亿元的价格接受让后者5.26%的股权,成为<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300413\">芒果超媒</a>的第二大股东。而在阿里势头正盛的“新宠”面前,已被挤出长视频第一梯队的优酷想要重新赢得金主关注并借此翻身的机会又有多大?</p>\n<p><b>阿里的收购魔咒</b></p>\n<p>其实,不只是虾米和优酷,这些年来大部分被阿里收购的企业似乎都陷入了一个怪圈——独立经营时以行业独角兽著称,卖身巨头后却声量渐小甚至销声匿迹。</p>\n<p>2005年8月,阿里全资并购中国雅虎;八年后,雅虎中国宣布停止提供服务,一代搜索引擎霸主就此陨落。</p>\n<p>2006年10月,阿里将与大众点评齐名的生活服务平台口碑网收入囊中,后者却先后被并入雅虎中国以及淘宝网,并于2011年停止运营。七年之后,重新启动的口碑与饿了么合并,再一次沦为阿里旗下其他应用的附属品。</p>\n<p>也是在这一年,阿里联合蚂蚁金服以95亿美元完成对饿了么的全资收购。然而,率先打响国内外卖革命的饿了么,却被后起之秀美团外卖以“农村包围城市”的战术迅速实现反超。尽管阿里先后派出口碑和百度外卖进行支援,但饿了么终究还是难以抵挡对手的攻城掠地之势。根据相关数据显示,目前美团日活用户已经是饿了么与口碑总和的5倍之多。</p>\n<p>除此之外,UC浏览器、高德地图、网易考拉以及豌豆荚等应用在被阿里收编之后也都未能逃脱江河日下的悲惨命运,而这一现象还因此引发了互联网圈内的一番调侃——但凡觉得自己尚有前途的企业,都不会愿意被阿里收购;而那些愿意委身于阿里的,都是知道自身价值达到了巅峰,后面将会走下坡路,还不如趁早让人赎了身。</p>\n<p>调侃归调侃,但在此之外,阿里似乎可以从自已身上为这一魔咒找寻些许答案。</p>\n<p>首先,阿里自身所带的电商基因从一开始就决定了虾米、优酷们日渐式微的命运。</p>\n<p>作为电商平台,寻找流量入口一直都是阿里的经营核心,而那些被收购的应用自然也成了为淘宝天猫导流的不二选择,最初虾米、优酷等平台上“边听边买、边看边买”的此类尝试就是最好的佐证。</p>\n<p>但在这一点上,腾讯与阿里恰好相反。作为流量生产商,腾讯需要做的是为巨大的流量寻找出口并借此变现。所以,被其收购的企业不但可以获得资金上的支持,同时还可以得到腾讯的流量加持,而阿里的新老对手<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PDD\">拼多多</a>和<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/JD\">京东</a>发展如此迅猛也正是得益于此。</p>\n<p>反观阿里,被收购的企业非但没有庞大的流量池加以利用,同时却还要将服务阿里作为首要宗旨。</p>\n<p>为了更好地服务电商业务,阿里通常会把被收购应用与其生态和技术的融合当成第一要务,而这一做法不仅打乱和降低了各平台的用户体验,同时也耽误了其发展的最佳时机,这也是虾米和优酷在卖身阿里后错失版权大战的重要原因所在。</p>\n<p>我们再回到腾讯,被其投资的公司基本上都保持着原有管理团队的独立运营,前者仅提供资金和流量上的支持,而后者则有足够的专业眼光和自主能力在各自的行业内把握关键时机。</p>\n<p>另外,阿里喜用空降人才且过于频繁的人事变动以及强行在被收购企业内部植入阿里文化的一系列做法,不仅造成了原有团队的出走和流失,同时在各企业的重大发展战略上也出现了不少偏差,其中天天动听转型为阿里星球、优酷抛弃UGC再重拾UGC、口碑关停再重启等决策都是导致这些平台情形直转急下的强有力例证。</p>\n<p>如今,阿里除了在核心业务电商上仍然遥遥领先之外,在长视频、在线音乐、本地生活等其他领域均不及对手,而深陷收购魔咒的阿里该如何打破这一僵局?</p>","source":"dns","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>阿里收购“怪圈”:从独角兽变为弃子</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n阿里收购“怪圈”:从独角兽变为弃子\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2020-12-16 12:55 北京时间 <a href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3hbVr_kf0V7h7MVHOrPUpA><strong>DoNews</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>虾米将死?\n2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。\n彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交给阿里时尚有2000万名注册用户以及高达六七百万的月活用户。\n尽管虾米上聚集了一批数量不小的拥趸,但由于当时用户的付费习惯尚未养成,导致用户付费率不足千分之五,而虾米在率先推出在线付费这一盈利模式之后...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3hbVr_kf0V7h7MVHOrPUpA\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8f369ab3139c55d7b535190ad6d71880","relate_stocks":{"BABA":"阿里巴巴","09988":"阿里巴巴-W"},"source_url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3hbVr_kf0V7h7MVHOrPUpA","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1159289395","content_text":"虾米将死?\n2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。\n彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交给阿里时尚有2000万名注册用户以及高达六七百万的月活用户。\n尽管虾米上聚集了一批数量不小的拥趸,但由于当时用户的付费习惯尚未养成,导致用户付费率不足千分之五,而虾米在率先推出在线付费这一盈利模式之后,其微薄的收入并不足以支付高昂的音乐版权费用。\n因此,仅靠融资过活的虾米很快便举步维艰,这才有了小而美的音乐平台委身于资本大鳄的故事。\n不过,傍上阿里这个大款,并没有让虾米的日子好过多久。二者的热恋期一过,前者的态度便迅速冷淡下来,导致虾米在最关键的版权大战中错失良机,与对手之间的差距也越来越大,最终甚至被对方玩家硬生生地赶下牌桌。\n2015年,国家版权局的一纸声明掀起了国内音乐平台之间的版权大战,其中最主要的参战方分别是腾讯QQ音乐、海洋音乐(酷狗音乐、酷我音乐)以及整合了虾米音乐和天天动听的阿里音乐。\n最初,阿里音乐率先拿下了滚石、华研、相信、寰亚、BMG等几家知名唱片公司的独家版权,与另外两位对手形成三足鼎立之势。但随着QQ音乐与海洋音乐联手,成立了腾讯音乐娱乐集团TME并一举将环球、华纳、索尼、YG等数十家唱片公司的独家版权收入囊中,形单影只的阿里音乐开始在这场版权争夺战中逐渐失势。\n根据艾瑞咨询《2016年中国在线音乐行业研究报告》显示,截至2016年,TME旗下三大在线音乐平台的版权覆盖率已经达到90%,而阿里音乐只有20%。另外,泛娱乐大数据平台艺恩数据也显示,从2015年到2016年,QQ音乐的曲库规模达到了1500万首,而对比之下,虾米音乐只有400万首。\n由于在这场版权大战中败北,虾米迎来的不仅是歌单的大面积变灰和用户的快速流失,同时也坐上阿里递过来的“冷板凳”。\n眼看版权之争无望,阿里迅速止损,又把眼光放到了在线音乐平台的转型上,这一次他们挑中了阿里音乐中主打大众用户的天天动听。\n由高晓松、宋坷、何灵组成的“铁三角”将天天动听改名为阿里星球,企图将其改造成一个打通全产业链的泛娱乐交易平台。为此,阿里星球在北京万达索菲特酒店的发布会上甚至请来了半个娱乐圈前来捧场。\n但这场斥资数百万、声势浩大的开头并没有为天天动听的转型带来好运,仅在八个月后,阿里这颗刚刚冉冉升起的星球就因为强行改版造成的界面和操作混乱导致用户体验不佳从而极速陨落。\n而在一旁坐冷板凳的虾米不仅在版权大战中丧失了主动权,而且还因为阿里方将资源向阿里星球倾斜逐渐被边缘化。直到去年6月,在阿里的新一轮组织架构调整中,虾米音乐由之前的大文娱板块划入到阿里的创新业务事业群,算是被彻底打入“冷宫”。\n根据第三方数据机构URORA极光的最新数据显示,2020年10月,虾米音乐的市场份额不足2%,与排名第一的QQ音乐近27%的占有率对比已经相去甚远。\n更为残酷的是,在虾米被抛弃仅三个月后,其对手网易云音乐就收到了阿里“示爱”的橄榄枝——领投的7亿美元融资,并且在今年8月,阿里正式将淘宝88VIP附赠的一年虾米会员换成了网易云音乐的黑胶VIP。\n事到如今,虾米于近期传出将于明年1月关停的消息似乎也不足为奇了。\n优酷掉队\n和虾米一样,此前同属于大文娱板块的优酷土豆(以下简称“优酷”)在被阿里收购以后,也开始在长视频平台大战中颓势尽显。\n在投入阿里的怀抱之前,优酷也曾经历了一段发展的巅峰时期。\n业务模式对标YouTube的优酷,以UGC(用户生产内容)内容生产模式为主,先后打败了56、六间房、酷6等一众玩家,成为全球首家独立上市的视频网站。两年后,通过与最大竞争对手土豆网的合并,优酷凭借近50%的市场份额,一举坐上了视频网站的头把交椅。\n辉煌的日子并不长久,随着版权大战的打响,优酷平台上的内容遭遇大面积清洗,而背靠百度和腾讯的新玩家爱奇艺和腾讯视频却因为两大巨头的撑腰异军突起。其中,爱奇艺凭借大热韩剧《来自星星的你》在两个月内即创造了13.5亿的播放量,而腾讯视频买下的《权利的游戏》等经典美剧也化身为吸粉利器。\n此时,经历了几轮烧钱大战的优酷开始显得力不从心,将求救的目光投向了金主阿里。\n2016年4月,阿里以超过46亿美金的价格将优酷收至麾下,并赋予其大文娱排头兵的角色。不过可惜的是,就在其他玩家疯狂砸钱购买热门版权并不断壮大会员规模之际,优酷却经历了四年三度换帅的人事动荡,以致于错失了版权大战中抢夺主动权的最佳时机。\n首帅俞永福擅长融合,将战略重点放在了优酷与整个阿里大文娱集团的打通上。这一时期,优酷逐步放弃了音乐、游戏等UGC内容,转型为与爱奇艺和腾讯视频完全一样的以剧集和综艺为主的播放平台。\n继帅杨伟东作为优酷团队的元老一直以激进风格著称,其接任之后优酷开始不计成本的在市场上抢夺热门剧集和综艺版权,且报价常常是对手的两倍。同时,优酷还投入了大量资金开发自制剧和综艺等能够迅速贡献流量的内容。\n在杨伟东坐阵期间,优酷接连推出了《白夜追凶》《军师联盟》等热门剧集以及《这!就是街舞》《这!就是灌篮》等爆款综艺。通过其“剧集类型化+ 综艺系列化”的这一套打法,此前被对手赶超的优酷也再次爆发了事业中的“第二春”。\n根据易观发布的报告显示,2017年,优酷独播网剧以539.2亿的播放量占据市场第一,接近爱奇艺(227.5亿)和腾讯视频(322.1亿)的两家之和。另外,优酷的月活用户数与对手之间的差距也在这一期间大幅缩小。\n然而好景不长,随着杨伟东因经济问题被带走,优酷艰难迎来的高光时刻又再次归于沉寂。在现任掌门人樊路远的带领下,优酷又开始变得务实起来,一直将“控制成本、减少亏损”当作新的战略重点,而退出版权大战的优酷与对手之间的差距也在此时又再一次被拉大。\n根据第三方平台Trustdata的数据显示,截至今年4月,爱奇艺的月活用户数为2.8亿、腾讯视频为2.1亿,而对比之下优酷仅为1.1亿。另外值得一提的是,连抖音、快手、西瓜视频等新兴对手也都后来者居上排在了优酷的前面,曾经的视频行业老大悄然掉队已是不争的事实。\n如今,在长视频领域失势的优酷又重新捡起UGC,再次押注短视频领域。但对早已放弃最佳入局时机的优酷来说,在面对抖音、快手以及B站等平台的强势崛起时,其想要在该领域实现突围恐怕会比长视频之争更加艰难。\n面对日渐失势的优酷,阿里的态度与对待虾米如出一辙。\n本月初,阿里牵手芒果,以62亿元的价格接受让后者5.26%的股权,成为芒果超媒的第二大股东。而在阿里势头正盛的“新宠”面前,已被挤出长视频第一梯队的优酷想要重新赢得金主关注并借此翻身的机会又有多大?\n阿里的收购魔咒\n其实,不只是虾米和优酷,这些年来大部分被阿里收购的企业似乎都陷入了一个怪圈——独立经营时以行业独角兽著称,卖身巨头后却声量渐小甚至销声匿迹。\n2005年8月,阿里全资并购中国雅虎;八年后,雅虎中国宣布停止提供服务,一代搜索引擎霸主就此陨落。\n2006年10月,阿里将与大众点评齐名的生活服务平台口碑网收入囊中,后者却先后被并入雅虎中国以及淘宝网,并于2011年停止运营。七年之后,重新启动的口碑与饿了么合并,再一次沦为阿里旗下其他应用的附属品。\n也是在这一年,阿里联合蚂蚁金服以95亿美元完成对饿了么的全资收购。然而,率先打响国内外卖革命的饿了么,却被后起之秀美团外卖以“农村包围城市”的战术迅速实现反超。尽管阿里先后派出口碑和百度外卖进行支援,但饿了么终究还是难以抵挡对手的攻城掠地之势。根据相关数据显示,目前美团日活用户已经是饿了么与口碑总和的5倍之多。\n除此之外,UC浏览器、高德地图、网易考拉以及豌豆荚等应用在被阿里收编之后也都未能逃脱江河日下的悲惨命运,而这一现象还因此引发了互联网圈内的一番调侃——但凡觉得自己尚有前途的企业,都不会愿意被阿里收购;而那些愿意委身于阿里的,都是知道自身价值达到了巅峰,后面将会走下坡路,还不如趁早让人赎了身。\n调侃归调侃,但在此之外,阿里似乎可以从自已身上为这一魔咒找寻些许答案。\n首先,阿里自身所带的电商基因从一开始就决定了虾米、优酷们日渐式微的命运。\n作为电商平台,寻找流量入口一直都是阿里的经营核心,而那些被收购的应用自然也成了为淘宝天猫导流的不二选择,最初虾米、优酷等平台上“边听边买、边看边买”的此类尝试就是最好的佐证。\n但在这一点上,腾讯与阿里恰好相反。作为流量生产商,腾讯需要做的是为巨大的流量寻找出口并借此变现。所以,被其收购的企业不但可以获得资金上的支持,同时还可以得到腾讯的流量加持,而阿里的新老对手拼多多和京东发展如此迅猛也正是得益于此。\n反观阿里,被收购的企业非但没有庞大的流量池加以利用,同时却还要将服务阿里作为首要宗旨。\n为了更好地服务电商业务,阿里通常会把被收购应用与其生态和技术的融合当成第一要务,而这一做法不仅打乱和降低了各平台的用户体验,同时也耽误了其发展的最佳时机,这也是虾米和优酷在卖身阿里后错失版权大战的重要原因所在。\n我们再回到腾讯,被其投资的公司基本上都保持着原有管理团队的独立运营,前者仅提供资金和流量上的支持,而后者则有足够的专业眼光和自主能力在各自的行业内把握关键时机。\n另外,阿里喜用空降人才且过于频繁的人事变动以及强行在被收购企业内部植入阿里文化的一系列做法,不仅造成了原有团队的出走和流失,同时在各企业的重大发展战略上也出现了不少偏差,其中天天动听转型为阿里星球、优酷抛弃UGC再重拾UGC、口碑关停再重启等决策都是导致这些平台情形直转急下的强有力例证。\n如今,阿里除了在核心业务电商上仍然遥遥领先之外,在长视频、在线音乐、本地生活等其他领域均不及对手,而深陷收购魔咒的阿里该如何打破这一僵局?","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":879,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":943503298,"gmtCreate":1594648235914,"gmtModify":1704206145409,"author":{"id":"117970847414287","authorId":"117970847414287","name":"XYV","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"117970847414287","idStr":"117970847414287"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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12:55","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"阿里收购“怪圈”:从独角兽变为弃子","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1159289395","media":"DoNews","summary":"虾米将死?\n2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。\n彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交","content":"<p><b>虾米将死?</b></p>\n<p>2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。</p>\n<p>彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交给阿里时尚有2000万名注册用户以及高达六七百万的月活用户。</p>\n<p>尽管虾米上聚集了一批数量不小的拥趸,但由于当时用户的付费习惯尚未养成,导致用户付费率不足千分之五,而虾米在率先推出在线付费这一盈利模式之后,其微薄的收入并不足以支付高昂的音乐版权费用。</p>\n<p>因此,仅靠融资过活的虾米很快便举步维艰,这才有了小而美的音乐平台委身于资本大鳄的故事。</p>\n<p>不过,傍上阿里这个大款,并没有让虾米的日子好过多久。二者的热恋期一过,前者的态度便迅速冷淡下来,导致虾米在最关键的版权大战中错失良机,与对手之间的差距也越来越大,最终甚至被对方玩家硬生生地赶下牌桌。</p>\n<p>2015年,国家版权局的一纸声明掀起了国内音乐平台之间的版权大战,其中最主要的参战方分别是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00700\">腾讯</a>QQ音乐、海洋音乐(酷狗音乐、酷我音乐)以及整合了虾米音乐和天天动听的阿里音乐。</p>\n<p>最初,阿里音乐率先拿下了滚石、华研、相信、寰亚、BMG等几家知名唱片公司的独家版权,与另外两位对手形成三足鼎立之势。但随着QQ音乐与海洋音乐联手,成立了<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TME\">腾讯音乐</a>娱乐集团TME并一举将环球、华纳、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNE\">索尼</a>、YG等数十家唱片公司的独家版权收入囊中,形单影只的阿里音乐开始在这场版权争夺战中逐渐失势。</p>\n<p>根据艾瑞咨询《2016年中国在线音乐行业研究报告》显示,截至2016年,TME旗下三大在线音乐平台的版权覆盖率已经达到90%,而阿里音乐只有20%。另外,泛娱乐大数据平台艺恩数据也显示,从2015年到2016年,QQ音乐的曲库规模达到了1500万首,而对比之下,虾米音乐只有400万首。</p>\n<p>由于在这场版权大战中败北,虾米迎来的不仅是歌单的大面积变灰和用户的快速流失,同时也坐上阿里递过来的“冷板凳”。</p>\n<p>眼看版权之争无望,阿里迅速止损,又把眼光放到了在线音乐平台的转型上,这一次他们挑中了阿里音乐中主打大众用户的天天动听。</p>\n<p>由高晓松、宋坷、何灵组成的“铁三角”将天天动听改名为阿里星球,企图将其改造成一个打通全产业链的泛娱乐交易平台。为此,阿里星球在北京万达索菲特酒店的发布会上甚至请来了半个娱乐圈前来捧场。</p>\n<p>但这场斥资数百万、声势浩大的开头并没有为天天动听的转型带来好运,仅在八个月后,阿里这颗刚刚冉冉升起的星球就因为强行改版造成的界面和操作混乱导致用户体验不佳从而极速陨落。</p>\n<p>而在一旁坐冷板凳的虾米不仅在版权大战中丧失了主动权,而且还因为阿里方将资源向阿里星球倾斜逐渐被边缘化。直到去年6月,在阿里的新一轮组织架构调整中,虾米音乐由之前的大文娱板块划入到阿里的创新业务事业群,算是被彻底打入“冷宫”。</p>\n<p>根据第三方数据机构URORA<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/JG\">极光</a>的最新数据显示,2020年10月,虾米音乐的市场份额不足2%,与排名第一的QQ音乐近27%的占有率对比已经相去甚远。</p>\n<p>更为残酷的是,在虾米被抛弃仅三个月后,其对手<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NTES\">网易</a>云音乐就收到了阿里“示爱”的橄榄枝——领投的7亿美元融资,并且在今年8月,阿里正式将淘宝88VIP附赠的一年虾米会员换成了网易云音乐的黑胶VIP。</p>\n<p>事到如今,虾米于近期传出将于明年1月关停的消息似乎也不足为奇了。</p>\n<p><b>优酷掉队</b></p>\n<p>和虾米一样,此前同属于大文娱板块的优酷土豆(以下简称“优酷”)在被阿里收购以后,也开始在长视频平台大战中颓势尽显。</p>\n<p>在投入阿里的怀抱之前,优酷也曾经历了一段发展的巅峰时期。</p>\n<p>业务模式对标YouTube的优酷,以UGC(用户生产内容)内容生产模式为主,先后打败了56、六间房、酷6等一众玩家,成为全球首家独立上市的视频网站。两年后,通过与最大竞争对手土豆网的合并,优酷凭借近50%的市场份额,一举坐上了视频网站的头把交椅。</p>\n<p>辉煌的日子并不长久,随着版权大战的打响,优酷平台上的内容遭遇大面积清洗,而背靠<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">百度</a>和腾讯的新玩家<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/IQ\">爱奇艺</a>和腾讯视频却因为两大巨头的撑腰异军突起。其中,爱奇艺凭借大热韩剧《来自星星的你》在两个月内即创造了13.5亿的播放量,而腾讯视频买下的《权利的游戏》等经典美剧也化身为吸粉利器。</p>\n<p>此时,经历了几轮烧钱大战的优酷开始显得力不从心,将求救的目光投向了金主阿里。</p>\n<p>2016年4月,阿里以超过46亿美金的价格将优酷收至麾下,并赋予其大文娱排头兵的角色。不过可惜的是,就在其他玩家疯狂砸钱购买热门版权并不断壮大会员规模之际,优酷却经历了四年三度换帅的人事动荡,以致于错失了版权大战中抢夺主动权的最佳时机。</p>\n<p>首帅俞永福擅长融合,将战略重点放在了优酷与整个阿里大文娱集团的打通上。这一时期,优酷逐步放弃了音乐、游戏等UGC内容,转型为与爱奇艺和腾讯视频完全一样的以剧集和综艺为主的播放平台。</p>\n<p>继帅杨伟东作为优酷团队的元老一直以激进风格著称,其接任之后优酷开始不计成本的在市场上抢夺热门剧集和综艺版权,且报价常常是对手的两倍。同时,优酷还投入了大量资金开发自制剧和综艺等能够迅速贡献流量的内容。</p>\n<p>在杨伟东坐阵期间,优酷接连推出了《白夜追凶》《军师联盟》等热门剧集以及《这!就是街舞》《这!就是灌篮》等爆款综艺。通过其“剧集类型化+ 综艺系列化”的这一套打法,此前被对手赶超的优酷也再次爆发了事业中的“第二春”。</p>\n<p>根据易观发布的报告显示,2017年,优酷独播网剧以539.2亿的播放量占据市场第一,接近爱奇艺(227.5亿)和腾讯视频(322.1亿)的两家之和。另外,优酷的月活用户数与对手之间的差距也在这一期间大幅缩小。</p>\n<p>然而好景不长,随着杨伟东因经济问题被带走,优酷艰难迎来的高光时刻又再次归于沉寂。在现任掌门人樊路远的带领下,优酷又开始变得务实起来,一直将“控制成本、减少亏损”当作新的战略重点,而退出版权大战的优酷与对手之间的差距也在此时又再一次被拉大。</p>\n<p>根据第三方平台Trustdata的数据显示,截至今年4月,爱奇艺的月活用户数为2.8亿、腾讯视频为2.1亿,而对比之下优酷仅为1.1亿。另外值得一提的是,连抖音、快手、西瓜视频等新兴对手也都后来者居上排在了优酷的前面,曾经的视频行业老大悄然掉队已是不争的事实。</p>\n<p>如今,在长视频领域失势的优酷又重新捡起UGC,再次押注短视频领域。但对早已放弃最佳入局时机的优酷来说,在面对抖音、快手以及B站等平台的强势崛起时,其想要在该领域实现突围恐怕会比长视频之争更加艰难。</p>\n<p>面对日渐失势的优酷,阿里的态度与对待虾米如出一辙。</p>\n<p>本月初,阿里牵手芒果,以62亿元的价格接受让后者5.26%的股权,成为<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300413\">芒果超媒</a>的第二大股东。而在阿里势头正盛的“新宠”面前,已被挤出长视频第一梯队的优酷想要重新赢得金主关注并借此翻身的机会又有多大?</p>\n<p><b>阿里的收购魔咒</b></p>\n<p>其实,不只是虾米和优酷,这些年来大部分被阿里收购的企业似乎都陷入了一个怪圈——独立经营时以行业独角兽著称,卖身巨头后却声量渐小甚至销声匿迹。</p>\n<p>2005年8月,阿里全资并购中国雅虎;八年后,雅虎中国宣布停止提供服务,一代搜索引擎霸主就此陨落。</p>\n<p>2006年10月,阿里将与大众点评齐名的生活服务平台口碑网收入囊中,后者却先后被并入雅虎中国以及淘宝网,并于2011年停止运营。七年之后,重新启动的口碑与饿了么合并,再一次沦为阿里旗下其他应用的附属品。</p>\n<p>也是在这一年,阿里联合蚂蚁金服以95亿美元完成对饿了么的全资收购。然而,率先打响国内外卖革命的饿了么,却被后起之秀美团外卖以“农村包围城市”的战术迅速实现反超。尽管阿里先后派出口碑和百度外卖进行支援,但饿了么终究还是难以抵挡对手的攻城掠地之势。根据相关数据显示,目前美团日活用户已经是饿了么与口碑总和的5倍之多。</p>\n<p>除此之外,UC浏览器、高德地图、网易考拉以及豌豆荚等应用在被阿里收编之后也都未能逃脱江河日下的悲惨命运,而这一现象还因此引发了互联网圈内的一番调侃——但凡觉得自己尚有前途的企业,都不会愿意被阿里收购;而那些愿意委身于阿里的,都是知道自身价值达到了巅峰,后面将会走下坡路,还不如趁早让人赎了身。</p>\n<p>调侃归调侃,但在此之外,阿里似乎可以从自已身上为这一魔咒找寻些许答案。</p>\n<p>首先,阿里自身所带的电商基因从一开始就决定了虾米、优酷们日渐式微的命运。</p>\n<p>作为电商平台,寻找流量入口一直都是阿里的经营核心,而那些被收购的应用自然也成了为淘宝天猫导流的不二选择,最初虾米、优酷等平台上“边听边买、边看边买”的此类尝试就是最好的佐证。</p>\n<p>但在这一点上,腾讯与阿里恰好相反。作为流量生产商,腾讯需要做的是为巨大的流量寻找出口并借此变现。所以,被其收购的企业不但可以获得资金上的支持,同时还可以得到腾讯的流量加持,而阿里的新老对手<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PDD\">拼多多</a>和<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/JD\">京东</a>发展如此迅猛也正是得益于此。</p>\n<p>反观阿里,被收购的企业非但没有庞大的流量池加以利用,同时却还要将服务阿里作为首要宗旨。</p>\n<p>为了更好地服务电商业务,阿里通常会把被收购应用与其生态和技术的融合当成第一要务,而这一做法不仅打乱和降低了各平台的用户体验,同时也耽误了其发展的最佳时机,这也是虾米和优酷在卖身阿里后错失版权大战的重要原因所在。</p>\n<p>我们再回到腾讯,被其投资的公司基本上都保持着原有管理团队的独立运营,前者仅提供资金和流量上的支持,而后者则有足够的专业眼光和自主能力在各自的行业内把握关键时机。</p>\n<p>另外,阿里喜用空降人才且过于频繁的人事变动以及强行在被收购企业内部植入阿里文化的一系列做法,不仅造成了原有团队的出走和流失,同时在各企业的重大发展战略上也出现了不少偏差,其中天天动听转型为阿里星球、优酷抛弃UGC再重拾UGC、口碑关停再重启等决策都是导致这些平台情形直转急下的强有力例证。</p>\n<p>如今,阿里除了在核心业务电商上仍然遥遥领先之外,在长视频、在线音乐、本地生活等其他领域均不及对手,而深陷收购魔咒的阿里该如何打破这一僵局?</p>","source":"dns","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>阿里收购“怪圈”:从独角兽变为弃子</title>\n<style 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margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n阿里收购“怪圈”:从独角兽变为弃子\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2020-12-16 12:55 北京时间 <a href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3hbVr_kf0V7h7MVHOrPUpA><strong>DoNews</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>虾米将死?\n2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。\n彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交给阿里时尚有2000万名注册用户以及高达六七百万的月活用户。\n尽管虾米上聚集了一批数量不小的拥趸,但由于当时用户的付费习惯尚未养成,导致用户付费率不足千分之五,而虾米在率先推出在线付费这一盈利模式之后...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3hbVr_kf0V7h7MVHOrPUpA\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8f369ab3139c55d7b535190ad6d71880","relate_stocks":{"BABA":"阿里巴巴","09988":"阿里巴巴-W"},"source_url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3hbVr_kf0V7h7MVHOrPUpA","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1159289395","content_text":"虾米将死?\n2013年初,王皓在将虾米卖给阿里的同时,可能没有想到其一手打造的小众音乐平台会在八年后面临被关停的命运。\n彼时,虾米正凭借“独立、小众、文艺”等标签处于各大音乐App鄙视链的顶端,在移交给阿里时尚有2000万名注册用户以及高达六七百万的月活用户。\n尽管虾米上聚集了一批数量不小的拥趸,但由于当时用户的付费习惯尚未养成,导致用户付费率不足千分之五,而虾米在率先推出在线付费这一盈利模式之后,其微薄的收入并不足以支付高昂的音乐版权费用。\n因此,仅靠融资过活的虾米很快便举步维艰,这才有了小而美的音乐平台委身于资本大鳄的故事。\n不过,傍上阿里这个大款,并没有让虾米的日子好过多久。二者的热恋期一过,前者的态度便迅速冷淡下来,导致虾米在最关键的版权大战中错失良机,与对手之间的差距也越来越大,最终甚至被对方玩家硬生生地赶下牌桌。\n2015年,国家版权局的一纸声明掀起了国内音乐平台之间的版权大战,其中最主要的参战方分别是腾讯QQ音乐、海洋音乐(酷狗音乐、酷我音乐)以及整合了虾米音乐和天天动听的阿里音乐。\n最初,阿里音乐率先拿下了滚石、华研、相信、寰亚、BMG等几家知名唱片公司的独家版权,与另外两位对手形成三足鼎立之势。但随着QQ音乐与海洋音乐联手,成立了腾讯音乐娱乐集团TME并一举将环球、华纳、索尼、YG等数十家唱片公司的独家版权收入囊中,形单影只的阿里音乐开始在这场版权争夺战中逐渐失势。\n根据艾瑞咨询《2016年中国在线音乐行业研究报告》显示,截至2016年,TME旗下三大在线音乐平台的版权覆盖率已经达到90%,而阿里音乐只有20%。另外,泛娱乐大数据平台艺恩数据也显示,从2015年到2016年,QQ音乐的曲库规模达到了1500万首,而对比之下,虾米音乐只有400万首。\n由于在这场版权大战中败北,虾米迎来的不仅是歌单的大面积变灰和用户的快速流失,同时也坐上阿里递过来的“冷板凳”。\n眼看版权之争无望,阿里迅速止损,又把眼光放到了在线音乐平台的转型上,这一次他们挑中了阿里音乐中主打大众用户的天天动听。\n由高晓松、宋坷、何灵组成的“铁三角”将天天动听改名为阿里星球,企图将其改造成一个打通全产业链的泛娱乐交易平台。为此,阿里星球在北京万达索菲特酒店的发布会上甚至请来了半个娱乐圈前来捧场。\n但这场斥资数百万、声势浩大的开头并没有为天天动听的转型带来好运,仅在八个月后,阿里这颗刚刚冉冉升起的星球就因为强行改版造成的界面和操作混乱导致用户体验不佳从而极速陨落。\n而在一旁坐冷板凳的虾米不仅在版权大战中丧失了主动权,而且还因为阿里方将资源向阿里星球倾斜逐渐被边缘化。直到去年6月,在阿里的新一轮组织架构调整中,虾米音乐由之前的大文娱板块划入到阿里的创新业务事业群,算是被彻底打入“冷宫”。\n根据第三方数据机构URORA极光的最新数据显示,2020年10月,虾米音乐的市场份额不足2%,与排名第一的QQ音乐近27%的占有率对比已经相去甚远。\n更为残酷的是,在虾米被抛弃仅三个月后,其对手网易云音乐就收到了阿里“示爱”的橄榄枝——领投的7亿美元融资,并且在今年8月,阿里正式将淘宝88VIP附赠的一年虾米会员换成了网易云音乐的黑胶VIP。\n事到如今,虾米于近期传出将于明年1月关停的消息似乎也不足为奇了。\n优酷掉队\n和虾米一样,此前同属于大文娱板块的优酷土豆(以下简称“优酷”)在被阿里收购以后,也开始在长视频平台大战中颓势尽显。\n在投入阿里的怀抱之前,优酷也曾经历了一段发展的巅峰时期。\n业务模式对标YouTube的优酷,以UGC(用户生产内容)内容生产模式为主,先后打败了56、六间房、酷6等一众玩家,成为全球首家独立上市的视频网站。两年后,通过与最大竞争对手土豆网的合并,优酷凭借近50%的市场份额,一举坐上了视频网站的头把交椅。\n辉煌的日子并不长久,随着版权大战的打响,优酷平台上的内容遭遇大面积清洗,而背靠百度和腾讯的新玩家爱奇艺和腾讯视频却因为两大巨头的撑腰异军突起。其中,爱奇艺凭借大热韩剧《来自星星的你》在两个月内即创造了13.5亿的播放量,而腾讯视频买下的《权利的游戏》等经典美剧也化身为吸粉利器。\n此时,经历了几轮烧钱大战的优酷开始显得力不从心,将求救的目光投向了金主阿里。\n2016年4月,阿里以超过46亿美金的价格将优酷收至麾下,并赋予其大文娱排头兵的角色。不过可惜的是,就在其他玩家疯狂砸钱购买热门版权并不断壮大会员规模之际,优酷却经历了四年三度换帅的人事动荡,以致于错失了版权大战中抢夺主动权的最佳时机。\n首帅俞永福擅长融合,将战略重点放在了优酷与整个阿里大文娱集团的打通上。这一时期,优酷逐步放弃了音乐、游戏等UGC内容,转型为与爱奇艺和腾讯视频完全一样的以剧集和综艺为主的播放平台。\n继帅杨伟东作为优酷团队的元老一直以激进风格著称,其接任之后优酷开始不计成本的在市场上抢夺热门剧集和综艺版权,且报价常常是对手的两倍。同时,优酷还投入了大量资金开发自制剧和综艺等能够迅速贡献流量的内容。\n在杨伟东坐阵期间,优酷接连推出了《白夜追凶》《军师联盟》等热门剧集以及《这!就是街舞》《这!就是灌篮》等爆款综艺。通过其“剧集类型化+ 综艺系列化”的这一套打法,此前被对手赶超的优酷也再次爆发了事业中的“第二春”。\n根据易观发布的报告显示,2017年,优酷独播网剧以539.2亿的播放量占据市场第一,接近爱奇艺(227.5亿)和腾讯视频(322.1亿)的两家之和。另外,优酷的月活用户数与对手之间的差距也在这一期间大幅缩小。\n然而好景不长,随着杨伟东因经济问题被带走,优酷艰难迎来的高光时刻又再次归于沉寂。在现任掌门人樊路远的带领下,优酷又开始变得务实起来,一直将“控制成本、减少亏损”当作新的战略重点,而退出版权大战的优酷与对手之间的差距也在此时又再一次被拉大。\n根据第三方平台Trustdata的数据显示,截至今年4月,爱奇艺的月活用户数为2.8亿、腾讯视频为2.1亿,而对比之下优酷仅为1.1亿。另外值得一提的是,连抖音、快手、西瓜视频等新兴对手也都后来者居上排在了优酷的前面,曾经的视频行业老大悄然掉队已是不争的事实。\n如今,在长视频领域失势的优酷又重新捡起UGC,再次押注短视频领域。但对早已放弃最佳入局时机的优酷来说,在面对抖音、快手以及B站等平台的强势崛起时,其想要在该领域实现突围恐怕会比长视频之争更加艰难。\n面对日渐失势的优酷,阿里的态度与对待虾米如出一辙。\n本月初,阿里牵手芒果,以62亿元的价格接受让后者5.26%的股权,成为芒果超媒的第二大股东。而在阿里势头正盛的“新宠”面前,已被挤出长视频第一梯队的优酷想要重新赢得金主关注并借此翻身的机会又有多大?\n阿里的收购魔咒\n其实,不只是虾米和优酷,这些年来大部分被阿里收购的企业似乎都陷入了一个怪圈——独立经营时以行业独角兽著称,卖身巨头后却声量渐小甚至销声匿迹。\n2005年8月,阿里全资并购中国雅虎;八年后,雅虎中国宣布停止提供服务,一代搜索引擎霸主就此陨落。\n2006年10月,阿里将与大众点评齐名的生活服务平台口碑网收入囊中,后者却先后被并入雅虎中国以及淘宝网,并于2011年停止运营。七年之后,重新启动的口碑与饿了么合并,再一次沦为阿里旗下其他应用的附属品。\n也是在这一年,阿里联合蚂蚁金服以95亿美元完成对饿了么的全资收购。然而,率先打响国内外卖革命的饿了么,却被后起之秀美团外卖以“农村包围城市”的战术迅速实现反超。尽管阿里先后派出口碑和百度外卖进行支援,但饿了么终究还是难以抵挡对手的攻城掠地之势。根据相关数据显示,目前美团日活用户已经是饿了么与口碑总和的5倍之多。\n除此之外,UC浏览器、高德地图、网易考拉以及豌豆荚等应用在被阿里收编之后也都未能逃脱江河日下的悲惨命运,而这一现象还因此引发了互联网圈内的一番调侃——但凡觉得自己尚有前途的企业,都不会愿意被阿里收购;而那些愿意委身于阿里的,都是知道自身价值达到了巅峰,后面将会走下坡路,还不如趁早让人赎了身。\n调侃归调侃,但在此之外,阿里似乎可以从自已身上为这一魔咒找寻些许答案。\n首先,阿里自身所带的电商基因从一开始就决定了虾米、优酷们日渐式微的命运。\n作为电商平台,寻找流量入口一直都是阿里的经营核心,而那些被收购的应用自然也成了为淘宝天猫导流的不二选择,最初虾米、优酷等平台上“边听边买、边看边买”的此类尝试就是最好的佐证。\n但在这一点上,腾讯与阿里恰好相反。作为流量生产商,腾讯需要做的是为巨大的流量寻找出口并借此变现。所以,被其收购的企业不但可以获得资金上的支持,同时还可以得到腾讯的流量加持,而阿里的新老对手拼多多和京东发展如此迅猛也正是得益于此。\n反观阿里,被收购的企业非但没有庞大的流量池加以利用,同时却还要将服务阿里作为首要宗旨。\n为了更好地服务电商业务,阿里通常会把被收购应用与其生态和技术的融合当成第一要务,而这一做法不仅打乱和降低了各平台的用户体验,同时也耽误了其发展的最佳时机,这也是虾米和优酷在卖身阿里后错失版权大战的重要原因所在。\n我们再回到腾讯,被其投资的公司基本上都保持着原有管理团队的独立运营,前者仅提供资金和流量上的支持,而后者则有足够的专业眼光和自主能力在各自的行业内把握关键时机。\n另外,阿里喜用空降人才且过于频繁的人事变动以及强行在被收购企业内部植入阿里文化的一系列做法,不仅造成了原有团队的出走和流失,同时在各企业的重大发展战略上也出现了不少偏差,其中天天动听转型为阿里星球、优酷抛弃UGC再重拾UGC、口碑关停再重启等决策都是导致这些平台情形直转急下的强有力例证。\n如今,阿里除了在核心业务电商上仍然遥遥领先之外,在长视频、在线音乐、本地生活等其他领域均不及对手,而深陷收购魔咒的阿里该如何打破这一僵局?","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":879,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":922491353,"gmtCreate":1587632035172,"gmtModify":1704365010309,"author":{"id":"117970847414287","authorId":"117970847414287","name":"XYV","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"117970847414287","authorIdStr":"117970847414287"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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