小白cool的个人主页 - 老虎社区

小白cool

小白cool

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IP属地：中国澳门

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2019-10-15

$阿里巴巴(BABA)$ 好怀念162

2020-03-25

$联合大陆航空(UAL)$25还会回来吗我错过了你对不起

2019-10-18

$阿里巴巴(BABA)$ 难道想在香港上市？

2020-08-04

$老虎证券(TIGR)$夏日炎炎有你真凉

2020-07-06

$西方石油(OXY)$这个是啥意思各位大神

2020-08-26

$中芯国际(00981)$垃圾再见

2019-10-16

$阿里巴巴(BABA)$ 你确定目前值这个价？疯了吧

2020-08-03

$西方石油(OXY)$小场面？

2020-04-08

$联合大陆航空(UAL)$我觉得还能抢救

2020-03-28

$达美航空(DAL)$要买的入手吧

2020-08-01

$美团点评-W(03690)$一个服务渠道，上帝给你钱还要分左手右手……

2019-10-11

$阿里巴巴(BABA)$ 坐等165

2022-07-26

$理想汽车(LI)$有比我沉住气的吗

2022-07-19

$老虎证券(TIGR)$不说话

2021-01-23

$老虎证券(TIGR)$[财迷]

2020-08-03

$比亚迪(002594)$啥时候能买汉

2019-11-04

$阿里巴巴(BABA)$ 没人要表达点啥吗

2020-12-16

$老虎证券(TIGR)$骑虎难下

2020-08-13

$西方石油认购证2027/08/23 22.0(OXY.WS)$白送的？

2020-08-03

$中芯国际(00981)$加油解套

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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/03690\">$美团点评-W(03690)$</a>一个服务渠道，上帝给你钱还要分左手右手……","text":"$美团点评-W(03690)$一个服务渠道，上帝给你钱还要分左手右手……","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/05e6a251e69ac39ef00bf2d5bac383f2","width":"1242","height":"2688"}],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/945032740","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2955,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":1,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":948093086,"gmtCreate":1595075365045,"gmtModify":1704207921106,"author":{"id":"3530930900856874","authorId":"3530930900856874","name":"小白cool","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/478bfbd07d3d32762368bb70db2d1a33","crmLevel":5,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"个人觉得能做这么大的生意 不会被这些问题困扰","listText":"个人觉得能做这么大的生意 不会被这些问题困扰","text":"个人觉得能做这么大的生意 不会被这些问题困扰","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/948093086","repostId":"1162914849","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1162914849","pubTimestamp":1594953071,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1162914849?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2020-07-17 10:31","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"巴菲特与芒格的绝世友情：和最好的朋友，创最好的事业","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1162914849","media":"何加盐","summary":"友谊与生意的关系非常微妙。","content":"<p>友谊与生意的关系非常微妙。</p><p>因为一头是情，一头是钱。</p><p>情和钱一旦扯到一起，就会变得复杂。</p><p>大部分情况下，你选择了情，就会损失钱；选择了钱，就会伤害情。</p><p>世间难得双全法——如果你觉得可以双全，那往往是因为你需要处理的钱还不够多。</p><p>你可以试着问自己两个问题：</p><p>1.如果你有一个最好的朋友，你会和他合伙做生意吗？</p><p>2.如果你们合伙的生意做得无比成功，你和他还会是最好的朋友吗？</p><p>假设上面两个问题，你都回答了“会”，那么请接着再回答以下问题：</p><p>1.你是公司的董事长。若干年以后，你们的公司已经成为行业巨头，你管理着上万人的公司，被上亿人崇拜，赚了上百亿的钱，到哪里都众星捧月。</p><p>这种情况下，你还会平等对待你的副手朋友吗？你还能接受他和你说话随随便便，老是顶你的嘴，否决你的意见吗？</p><p>你能够大声告诉全世界，副手比你聪明比你能干，公司能做这么好，他的功劳最大吗？</p><p>2.你是公司的副董事长。若干年以后，你们的公司已经成为行业巨头。</p><p>你俩的财富总额已经达到100个亿，你在公司做大的过程中作出了巨大的贡献，但朋友却分走了98亿，只给你2个亿。</p><p>这种情况下，你还会和他是最好的朋友吗？你还会像以往一样付出那么多，并且毫不计较分配比例吗？</p><p>是不是觉得这些问题变得很难回答？</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3676873f2867cd914a276b840289a783\" tg-width=\"899\" tg-height=\"601\"></p><p>我们曾听说：好朋友最好不要合伙创业。</p><p>君不见，多少老板与朋友合伙创业，到最后自己变成公司的君王，朋友变成了臣属，原先的平等荡然无存。</p><p>我们也曾听说：生意场上没有真正的朋友。</p><p>君不见，多少好朋友合伙创业，把公司做大之后，就开始闹得鸡飞狗跳，原先的亲密烟消云散。</p><p>友谊与生意能完美结合的，少之又少。</p><p>而有两个人，却把它们完美地结合在一起。他们的友谊与合作已经超过了半个世纪，既创造了惊人的财富，又维持着亲密的关系。</p><p>他俩，就是巴菲特和芒格。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2cf94d4730e463fcbe36048a323d1142\" tg-width=\"554\" tg-height=\"311\"></p><p>今天，我们一起来见识一下，这一段必将流传千古的绝世友情。</p><p>1</p><p>可能有朋友对巴菲特和芒格这两个名字还比较陌生，我简单介绍一下：</p><p>巴菲特是有史以来最成功的投资家，长期位居世界富豪榜前列；芒格是他的事业搭档和终身挚友。</p><p>他们分别担任市值4640亿美元的伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司正副董事长，是“价值投资”理念的最佳代表，一个被称为“股神”，一个被称为“投资大师”。</p><p>他俩各自的故事我都曾经写过，不熟悉的朋友可以看看这两篇文章：</p><p>《“股神”巴菲特的传奇人生》</p><p>《&nbsp;智者芒格：世界上最令人羡慕的人》</p><p>巴菲特与芒格认识的那一年，他29岁，芒格35岁。</p><p>虽然他们出生和成长在同一座小城，先后上同一所小学，在同一个杂货铺打工，甚至有很多相同的熟人，但俩人从来都没有见过面。</p><p>他们的家庭背景和成长经历非常相似：</p><p>两家都是当地的名人：巴菲特的父亲是美国国会议员，芒格的爷爷是州议会的议员和联邦法官，父亲是知名律师；</p><p>他俩大学时都转过学，巴菲特是从沃顿转到内布拉斯加大学，芒格是从密歇根大学转到加州理工学院；</p><p>他俩都报考过哈佛大学，都曾被刷下来了，巴菲特是因为看起来太嫩，芒格是因为没有本科学历（他读大学时被征召入伍）；</p><p>俩人都在名校继续深造，巴菲特被哈佛刷下后转而进了哥伦比亚大学，芒格被刷下后找了熟人帮忙，通过走后门还是进了哈佛法学院。</p><p>俩人都超级热爱阅读，每天都要花大量时间在读书上面。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/87dea7c44874cecd14030f33bfc9f976\" tg-width=\"943\" tg-height=\"334\"></p><p>芒格和巴菲特在阅读中</p><p>巴菲特第一次听说芒格的名字，1957年。那一年，他27岁，搞了一个私募基金，到处在募资。</p><p>有一回，他去一个名叫戴维斯的医生家里，想说服后者投1万美元给他。当时巴菲特还没有“股神”的大名，想让别人把钱交给他来打理，非常不容易。</p><p>而戴维斯医生听他讲了一会儿，就决定投10万美元给他。巴菲特震惊了，他问道：</p><p>我讲的时候您似乎都没有认真听，为什么会投钱给我呢？</p><p>戴维斯说，因为你让我想起了一个人，查理·芒格。</p><p>巴菲特由此深深地记住了芒格这个名字。他很想知道，这个人到底有多大魅力，以至于自己只不过是和他有些相似之处，就能得到别人如此的信任。</p><p>两年以后，芒格回到老家处理一些家事时，巴菲特终于在朋友的安排下和芒格见了面。</p><p>如果友谊也可以用“一见钟情”来形容的话，用在这次见面再恰当不过。正是这一次见面，定下了巴菲特和芒格终生的友谊。</p><p>那一天，一贯骄傲自负，原本喜欢在与人谈话时掌控话语权的巴菲特，一反常态，把掌控对话的权力“让”给了芒格。</p><p>巴菲特的妻子苏珊说：“这太罕见了，我永远都不会忘记那个晚上。”</p><p>芒格这一边，本来对于见面没有抱什么期待，觉得就是个普通的应酬而已。不过，他很快就知道自己大错特错。原来，他将遇到的是一辈子的伯乐与知己。</p><p>在奥马哈俱乐部包间里，他们先是共同聊了一下小时候各自在巴菲特爷爷的杂货铺打工的趣事，吐槽了老头的刻薄。</p><p>然后，芒格问巴菲特现在做什么工作，业务是怎么运作的。</p><p>巴菲特开始眉飞色舞地介绍他的投资业务，以及他所采用的本杰明·格雷厄姆投资哲学。</p><p>芒格立马就被吸引了。此时，他已经从事律师业务十几年，仍然只不过是个年收入几万美元的中产阶级而已，离他从小就梦寐以求的“像鲁滨逊那样掌控自己的命运”还差得太远。</p><p>巴菲特满口的投资术语，对于普通人来说，非常晦涩难懂。但芒格立马就弄明白了，巴菲特大有欣遇知音之感，越讲越起劲。</p><p>芒格问巴菲特：你觉得我在加州能做同样的事情吗？</p><p>巴菲特盯着芒格看了好一会，说道：是的！我非常确定你可以！</p><p>俩人越聊越投机，当午餐结束，其他人都已经离去时，他们还在全神贯注地交谈。</p><p>由于这次聊天意犹未尽，俩人很快就在强尼咖啡馆安排了第二次见面。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b2b201cb90003833db967a358ad386d9\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"802\"></p><p>巴菲特与芒格61年前见面的强尼咖啡馆，现在还照常营业</p><p>据巴菲特回忆：谈话期间，芒格为自己讲的一个笑话从椅子上滑到了地板上，然后在地板上笑得直打滚。他自己也一样（在地上打滚）。</p><p>他说：在那个时刻，我知道我遇到气味相投的人。</p><p>而芒格回到加州时，也兴奋地对妻子南希说：我遇到了一个非常聪明的人。</p><p>两个人都知道，自从遇到对方，自己的命运，将从此发生改变。</p><p>2</p><p>巴菲特定居的奥马哈和芒格定居的洛杉矶，相隔2000公里。自从第一次见面之后，俩人每天都要煲电话粥，一煲就是一两个小时。还写信，有时候写着写着，写到9页纸之多。</p><p>巴菲特专程飞到洛杉矶，到芒格家里做客。</p><p>芒格家的孩子们都对此印象深刻，哪怕最小的孩子，都知道这是一个非常重要的客人，从母亲准备晚宴的精心程度就可以看出来——不过，那些精致的牛排和蔬菜全都被巴菲特忽略了，毫不在意膳食健康的他，光顾着喝可乐和吃冰淇淋。</p><p>巴菲特和芒格的长相其实一点也不相似。但孩子们都记得自己的一个感受：这俩人怎么那么像！另一个感受是：爸爸整天都在和巴菲特打电话。</p><p>后来，芒格还经常邀请巴菲特去他们家族在明尼苏达州星湖的湖心岛别墅做客。有一次，芒格把船开翻了，巴菲特差点淹死。从那以后，巴菲特再也不敢坐芒格开的船了。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6cdfa3403cb69fcd2263e0aeb16fa87b\" tg-width=\"480\" tg-height=\"321\"></p><p>芒格家的游艇（芒格亲自设计的）</p><p>俩人的感情突飞猛进之时，事业也开始珠联璧合。</p><p>芒格是洛杉矶知名的商业律师，虽然没赚到多少钱，但是认识了一大批有钱人。他把自己的客户都介绍给巴菲特。</p><p>由于他这些年已经建立了良好信誉，这些客户都对他无比信任，很多人都把钱交给巴菲特打理，让巴菲特的投资基金从几十万美元级别上升到几百万美元级别。</p><p>可以说，是芒格让巴菲特的事业登上了一个新的台阶，把他从闭塞的内布拉斯加大平原带到了富庶的加州海岸。</p><p>但更大的帮助，是芒格对巴菲特思想上的启发。</p><p>在见到芒格以前，巴菲特是格雷厄姆投资哲学的忠实信徒。</p><p>格雷厄姆是巴菲特在哥伦比亚大学时的导师，也是华尔街的传奇投资人。他教会巴菲特如何挑选被低估的股票，然后在高价的时候卖出。</p><p>但芒格告诉巴菲特，做投资不要只会捡便宜货，要学会辨别什么是好生意，并且长期持有，最好是永远都不需要卖出。</p><p>由此，巴菲特完成了投资生涯最重要的理念转型，才有了此后的巴菲特投资神话。</p><p>日后，巴菲特评价说：</p><p>“格雷厄姆教会我买便宜货，而芒格则推进了不要光买便宜货的投资方向……他用非比寻常的力量，拓展了我的视野，让我从猿变成了人……如果只听格雷厄姆的话，我会比现在穷得多。”</p><p>公平地讲，格雷厄姆本人也是投资大神。他的投资哲学，也是非常有指导意义的，到现在还有很多人在用格雷厄姆的方法投资，并赚了很多钱。</p><p>但是对巴菲特来说，师从格雷厄姆，最多只能成为格雷厄姆，而不能成为后来远远超越格雷厄姆的沃伦·巴菲特。</p><p>是芒格让巴菲特在格雷厄姆的投资哲学上继续升华，形成了巴菲特—芒格投资哲学。因为有了芒格，巴菲特才成其为巴菲特，而不是格雷厄姆第二。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6367cbbdcd7d871caa8ffa58bb54fb25\" tg-width=\"554\" tg-height=\"370\"></p><p>而对于芒格来讲，巴菲特更是人生的引路人和伯乐。</p><p>是巴菲特发现了芒格的投资天赋，极力推动他从律师转型为投资人，并为芒格提供了实现梦想的平台。</p><p>在认识巴菲特之前，芒格只不过是一个时薪30美元的律师而已。在巴菲特的鼓励和带领下，他也开始了投资生涯。</p><p>他们先是各自运营各自的投资公司，但在很多项目上会合作，例如蓝筹印花、喜诗糖果、威斯克金融公司等大项目，都收益丰厚。</p><p>后来，两人干脆合到一起，他们分别解散了自己的投资公司，所有资产并入巴菲特购买的纺织企业伯克希尔·哈撒韦，并一起将这家企业变成了投资公司。1978年，芒格担任了伯克希尔的董事会副主席。从此，他被世人称之为“巴菲特的右手”。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/280c8d1a7ee026897515cdef28004cf7\" tg-width=\"554\" tg-height=\"554\"></p><p>从俩人开始合作投资，到芒格正式加入伯克希尔，中间隔了十几年。</p><p>这十几年间，他们无数次合作，从来没有通过任何一份合同来界定俩人合作的条款，纯粹凭着双方对彼此的信任一路向前。</p><p>原来芒格自己运营的投资公司，并入伯克希尔后，折算为2%的股份。这些股份现在价值92亿美元，即644亿人民币。当然，这些年芒格已经捐赠和套现了不少。现在他还拥有的资产是17亿美元，排名世界第1335名（均为2020年7月16日数据）。</p><p>当然，巴菲特本人就赚得更多了。目前，他的财富是720亿美元，世界排名第4。事实上，自2000年代以来，他基本上都处于富豪榜前列的位置，有些年份甚至超越比尔·盖茨而高居第一。</p><p>3</p><p>巴菲特和芒格不常见面，他们平时沟通主要是通过电话。基本上每天都会通话，哪怕是有一方在度假，电话也会打到度假屋去。</p><p>见面的时候往往都是公司年度会议，或者一些重要的研讨会、决策会。</p><p>伯克希尔的重要投资决策通常都是两人一起作出。巴菲特几乎对芒格言听计从，以至于很多人认为，芒格才是伯克希尔的真正决策者。</p><p>巴菲特通常比较乐观。他会看到一家公司的发展前景。而芒格则总会去看公司的缺点，研究公司可能会失败在哪里。所以，巴菲特开玩笑地说，芒格是个令人讨厌的“不先生”，因为他总是说“NO！”。</p><p>如果是芒格坚决反对的项目，巴菲特一定不会投；如果芒格只是说一个“no”，但态度不是那么坚决，巴菲特就会慎重考虑；如果一个项目连芒格也想不出不投的理由，他们就会果断地投。</p><p>但这也并不是全部奏效。有时候会出现这样的情况：</p><p>巴菲特说：芒格，你说的我全都听进去了，但我还是想做这件事。</p><p>这时候，芒格就会保留自己的意见，全力支持巴菲特。</p><p>由于能入芒格法眼的项目实在是少之又少，所以伯克希尔每年真正做出的投资决策屈指可数。有时甚至一年才投资一两次。</p><p>而一旦决定后，他们的行动会非常迅速，普通的投资机构入股某些公司的繁文缛节，在他们这儿一切从简，有时甚至连财务报表都懒得看。</p><p>如果以投资决策的频率来看工作强度的话，巴菲特和芒格可能是全世界最轻松、最悠闲的投资人。当然，在此背后，是他们每天不断的阅读、思考和讨论。</p><p>伯克希尔的投资也并非总是成功。</p><p>实际上，他们几十年来所投资的项目，有很多都乏善可陈，甚至有过一些比市场平均表现还差、不得不割肉出售的项目。</p><p>但关键是他们投中的十几个好项目，例如《华盛顿邮报》、可口可乐、内布拉斯加家具城等，在源源不断地给他们产生利润。</p><p>巴菲特说，如果把我们投资组合中表现最好的十只股票拿掉，伯克希尔就会变成一间非常平庸的投资公司。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/aedbf59af52209a53e01881f2b56b75f\" tg-width=\"388\" tg-height=\"261\"></p><p>伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司</p><p>在一年一度的伯克希尔投资人年会上，巴菲特和芒格总是一起坐在主席台上，报告公司的业绩，接受大家的提问。</p><p>通常，都是巴菲特在滔滔不绝，而芒格则较少发言。不过，巴菲特总是会在一段发言之后，转过头来问一下芒格：你认为呢？</p><p>芒格的回答总是：我没有什么要补充的。（I have nothing to add）</p><p>这两句对话几乎成了年会的标志性对话。以至于某一年，爱开玩笑的巴菲特，弄了个纸板的芒格放在自己旁边，用录音机录下芒格的话，时不时问一下纸版的“芒格”：“你认为呢？”，然后自己用录音机放出芒格的声音：“我没有什么要补充的”，并露出小孩般的顽皮笑脸。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b09b1109ef6e389135f92ce94e872466\" tg-width=\"500\" tg-height=\"375\"></p><p>芒格名言：I have nothing to add。</p><p>不过，这并不意味着芒格的水平被埋没。因为巴菲特总是一口一个“芒格和我”（Charlie and I），让大众知道，所有决策都是他俩一起作出的。</p><p>他在年会上曾经这样说过：“芒格负责讲话的内容，我只是动动嘴皮子而已”。</p><p>而一旦芒格在某些问题上真正有话要说，全场都会安静下来聆听，生怕错过一个单词。</p><p>他的发言总是充满真知灼见，在人们眼中，芒格已经是“智者”的代名词。</p><p>4</p><p>巴菲特和芒格的友谊，并不像普通的朋友相处那样，需要委屈自己来迁就对方。当他们在一起的时候，每个人都可以做真实的自己，而不用担心对方会生气。</p><p>他们会像“损友”一样，互相开对方的玩笑、揭露对方的“糗事”。但是开玩笑的一方总是有分寸，而被开玩笑的一方也一定会包容。</p><p>巴菲特在芒格家做客，不爱吃的饭菜就不碰，不会为了讨好芒格及女主人而去吃自己不喜欢的东西。</p><p>在湖心岛别墅时，芒格特地从当地请了最好的剧团为巴菲特表演话剧，但巴菲特不喜欢那种风格的戏剧，他就会直接表现出不喜欢，而不会出于礼貌，违心地说很好看。</p><p>芒格也不遑多让。有一回，他们一起到某地考察投资项目。巴菲特在大街上喋喋不休地说了半天，没有听到芒格的回应，回头一看，芒格早就不见身影。</p><p>原来，芒格想起还要赶另一班飞机，就自顾自打出租车走了，连招呼都没和他打一声。</p><p>尽管彼此之间有这些“缺点”，但这从未影响两人的感情。巴菲特说，合作50多年，他们之间从未红过脸——一次都没有。哪怕是芒格弄翻了船，让巴菲特差点淹死，他也没有对此说过半句怨言。</p><p>他们也会有意见分歧，但互相都会耐心聆听对方的想法，对于不认可的地方，会不带情绪地理性讨论、甚至争论，但是从来不会吵架。</p><p>因为，他们都知道，对方的意见，值得自己尊重。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1cc21577787c8bfd023ac4766d76c0ab\" tg-width=\"965\" tg-height=\"723\"></p><p>在记录芒格平生经历和智慧箴言的《穷查理宝典》序言中，巴菲特讲到，芒格最崇拜的本杰明·富兰克林曾经写过一篇妙文：《选择爱人的建议》。</p><p>在文中，富兰克林建议年轻人要选择年纪大一点的成熟女人作为爱人，并且提出了8个理由。</p><p>例如，她们更了解世界、更通情达理、性爱的经验更丰富等等，其中第8个也是最关键的一个是：她会对你心怀感激。</p><p>巴菲特借鉴了这篇文章，提出了《选择合伙人的建议》。</p><p>他总结道：</p><p>1.要选择比你更聪明、更有智慧的人；</p><p>2.他不会在你面前炫耀他的高明；</p><p>3.在你犯下重大错误的时候，他不会事后诸葛亮，也不会生你的气；</p><p>4.他应该慷慨大方，会投入自己的钱并努力为你工作而不计报酬；</p><p>5.他能够在漫漫长路上与你结伴同游，给你不断带来快乐。</p><p>巴菲特说：</p><p>我很早就建立了这个原则，并决定完全遵守。而全部符合我这些特殊要求的人，只有芒格一个……</p><p>我不知道芒格是不是因为其他7个标准而选择了我，但我绝对符合富兰克林的第8个标准：</p><p><b>我对芒格的感激，无以言表。</b></p><p>5</p><p>世界上，一起做生意的好朋友很多。</p><p>但后来，他们要么变成了上下级，友情不再；要么一拍两散，各自安好；要么貌合神离，心怀别扭；要么反目成仇，互相攻讦。</p><p>能够不忘初心，不改旧情的，少之又少。</p><p>而巴菲特和芒格，共事50多年，事业越做越大，成为人类历史上最成功的投资二人组。而他们的友情，从未变质，反而历久弥坚。</p><p>究竟是什么，让他们的友情能够经受半个多世纪的时间考验和几百亿美元的金钱考验呢？</p><p>我认为，主要有以下两个方面：</p><p><b>第一是智力、品德、个性、理念的高度契合。</b></p><p>他们互相认为对方是自己认识的人里面最聪明的，互相愿意认真聆听对方的想法，并尊重对方的意见。</p><p>他们都喜欢正直、诚实，也都认为对方正直、诚实，也喜欢一起结交正直和诚实的人，讨厌不正直不诚实的人。</p><p>他们都喜欢幽默风趣，并且认为对方幽默风趣。而且一个人讲的笑话，另一个人会发自内心地觉得好笑。</p><p>在投资理念上，他们都认可价值投资，都认同做自己能力圈的事情，都拥有无比的耐心。尽管他们对于风险的偏好有所不同，但从来没有理念上的分歧。这是俩人在事业上能够合作这么多年的最稳定的根基。</p><p>如果一个人能和你互相认可对方的智力及能力、互相信任对方的品德、互相欣赏对方的个性、而且具有相同的价值理念，那么你们一起合作，成功的可能性就会很高，而且友情和事业可以兼顾。</p><p>而如果在智力、品德、个性、理念上，其中有一方面不相投，最好就不要合伙。如果一定要合伙的话，就要先做好朋友关系会变质的准备。</p><p><b>第二是各自恪守自己的本分。</b></p><p>巴菲特是个无比自负的人，而且在投资界已经称“神”，但他在任何公开场合，“言必称芒格”，总是不遗余力地推崇芒格，肯定芒格对自己的作用以及对伯克希尔的贡献。</p><p>今天，芒格的名字能够为世人所知，他的智慧能够为世人所钦佩，与巴菲特的推崇备至是分不开的。</p><p>虽然从感情上他们是朋友、从职位上他们是上下级，但是从思想上，可以说巴菲特对待芒格是“以师礼待之”。</p><p>芒格从巴菲特这里得到了最充分的认可和尊重！</p><p>试问，那些和朋友一起开公司的老板们，能够做到这样对待身为自己下属的朋友吗？</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/48a7a88e8de49e1c6d7cc8d6a5b88a14\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"807\"></p><p>而芒格这一边，却从不居功自傲。面对巴菲特的赞誉，他辩解道，巴菲特无比聪明，即使没有我的帮助，他也早晚会明白投资的道理。即使世界上从来没有过查理·芒格这个人，巴菲特的业绩依然会像现在这么漂亮。</p><p>俩人正式合伙时，所有人都惊讶于心高气傲的芒格竟然会屈尊去给人当副手。但芒格说：</p><p>我并没有特别放不下的自尊。总有人在某些方面比你厉害。做人应该学会扮演所有的角色，在不同人面前你可以有不同的身份。</p><p>作为一个合伙人和副手，芒格是合格的。他会对自己看到的所有问题直言不讳，但是当老板已经决定要做一件事，他会全力以赴地支持。</p><p>当坐在伯克希尔大会的讲台上时，他清楚地知道自己是巴菲特的配角，他的职责就是配合好巴菲特，而不是自己出风头。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6c06745cdbea0de289339b7926a16fe0\" tg-width=\"410\" tg-height=\"230\"></p><p>伯克希尔年会已成为全球投资界的嘉年华</p><p>对于巴菲特的财富比自己多几十倍，芒格从来都不眼红。他认为：嫉妒是人身上最愚蠢的原罪，一定要坚决摒弃嫉妒的心理。</p><p>很多人问芒格，你和巴菲特一起搞投资，为什么他的钱比你多那么多？</p><p>芒格平静地回答：他开始得比我早，他比我更聪明，他比我更勤奋，没有别的了。</p><p>在芒格的各种演讲中，也经常会讲“巴菲特如何如何”，对巴菲特欣赏和敬佩溢于言表。</p><p>他无比感激巴菲特让他从律师行业中脱身出来，并给了他发挥投资才华的平台，让自己实现了从小就梦想的掌控自己命运的自由。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1b351b3aff4b1b50f7bdd772b74b382a\" tg-width=\"813\" tg-height=\"714\"></p><p>如果一起创业的两个人，当老板的不摆老板的架子，当副手的不僭越自己的边界，互相尊重各自的身份、贡献和利益，就比较容易友好地共事下去。</p><p>如果一个老想着摆老板的架子，另一个总觉得“咱俩谁和谁？”，那俩人的关系很快就会变得无比尴尬，并最终疏远，甚至破裂。</p><p>6</p><p>芒格已经96岁，巴菲特也已经90岁。</p><p>他俩从1959年相识，到现在已经61年；从1962年开始合作项目，到现在已经58年；从1978年正式成为同事，已经42年。</p><p>他们依然双双活跃在伯克希尔的舞台上，望向对方的眼神中，充满着脉脉深情。</p><p>他们的事业和友谊，已经成为这个世界不灭的传奇，必将流传永久。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/51fe7c6f99fdc7ea29991c65678b77e3\" tg-width=\"554\" tg-height=\"320\"></p><p>我常常想，人生于世间，应该有一番轰轰烈烈的事业，有一个高山流水的至交好友，才不枉此生。</p><p>有些人事业成功，但是没有朋友；有些人拥有最好的朋友，但是不适合一起创业。</p><p>如果能够和最好的朋友，创最好的事业，互相成就，一辈子做知己，那该是多美好的人生？</p><p>死而无憾，应该就是这样子吧？</p>","source":"lsy1569479274668","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" 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0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n巴菲特与芒格的绝世友情：和最好的朋友，创最好的事业\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2020-07-17 10:31 北京时间&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/r9uOXF6USj5-XWMU7FOusw><strong>何加盐</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>友谊与生意的关系非常微妙。因为一头是情，一头是钱。情和钱一旦扯到一起，就会变得复杂。大部分情况下，你选择了情，就会损失钱；选择了钱，就会伤害情。世间难得双全法——如果你觉得可以双全，那往往是因为你需要处理的钱还不够多。你可以试着问自己两个问题：1.如果你有一个最好的朋友，你会和他合伙做生意吗？2.如果你们合伙的生意做得无比成功，你和他还会是最好的朋友吗？假设上面两个问题，你都回答了“会”，那么请...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/r9uOXF6USj5-XWMU7FOusw\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2234d00c4e15dc5a56d7bc28ee96c7df","relate_stocks":{"BRK.B":"伯克希尔B","BRK.A":"伯克希尔"},"source_url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/r9uOXF6USj5-XWMU7FOusw","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1162914849","content_text":"友谊与生意的关系非常微妙。因为一头是情，一头是钱。情和钱一旦扯到一起，就会变得复杂。大部分情况下，你选择了情，就会损失钱；选择了钱，就会伤害情。世间难得双全法——如果你觉得可以双全，那往往是因为你需要处理的钱还不够多。你可以试着问自己两个问题：1.如果你有一个最好的朋友，你会和他合伙做生意吗？2.如果你们合伙的生意做得无比成功，你和他还会是最好的朋友吗？假设上面两个问题，你都回答了“会”，那么请接着再回答以下问题：1.你是公司的董事长。若干年以后，你们的公司已经成为行业巨头，你管理着上万人的公司，被上亿人崇拜，赚了上百亿的钱，到哪里都众星捧月。这种情况下，你还会平等对待你的副手朋友吗？你还能接受他和你说话随随便便，老是顶你的嘴，否决你的意见吗？你能够大声告诉全世界，副手比你聪明比你能干，公司能做这么好，他的功劳最大吗？2.你是公司的副董事长。若干年以后，你们的公司已经成为行业巨头。你俩的财富总额已经达到100个亿，你在公司做大的过程中作出了巨大的贡献，但朋友却分走了98亿，只给你2个亿。这种情况下，你还会和他是最好的朋友吗？你还会像以往一样付出那么多，并且毫不计较分配比例吗？是不是觉得这些问题变得很难回答？我们曾听说：好朋友最好不要合伙创业。君不见，多少老板与朋友合伙创业，到最后自己变成公司的君王，朋友变成了臣属，原先的平等荡然无存。我们也曾听说：生意场上没有真正的朋友。君不见，多少好朋友合伙创业，把公司做大之后，就开始闹得鸡飞狗跳，原先的亲密烟消云散。友谊与生意能完美结合的，少之又少。而有两个人，却把它们完美地结合在一起。他们的友谊与合作已经超过了半个世纪，既创造了惊人的财富，又维持着亲密的关系。他俩，就是巴菲特和芒格。今天，我们一起来见识一下，这一段必将流传千古的绝世友情。1可能有朋友对巴菲特和芒格这两个名字还比较陌生，我简单介绍一下：巴菲特是有史以来最成功的投资家，长期位居世界富豪榜前列；芒格是他的事业搭档和终身挚友。他们分别担任市值4640亿美元的伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司正副董事长，是“价值投资”理念的最佳代表，一个被称为“股神”，一个被称为“投资大师”。他俩各自的故事我都曾经写过，不熟悉的朋友可以看看这两篇文章：《“股神”巴菲特的传奇人生》《 智者芒格：世界上最令人羡慕的人》巴菲特与芒格认识的那一年，他29岁，芒格35岁。虽然他们出生和成长在同一座小城，先后上同一所小学，在同一个杂货铺打工，甚至有很多相同的熟人，但俩人从来都没有见过面。他们的家庭背景和成长经历非常相似：两家都是当地的名人：巴菲特的父亲是美国国会议员，芒格的爷爷是州议会的议员和联邦法官，父亲是知名律师；他俩大学时都转过学，巴菲特是从沃顿转到内布拉斯加大学，芒格是从密歇根大学转到加州理工学院；他俩都报考过哈佛大学，都曾被刷下来了，巴菲特是因为看起来太嫩，芒格是因为没有本科学历（他读大学时被征召入伍）；俩人都在名校继续深造，巴菲特被哈佛刷下后转而进了哥伦比亚大学，芒格被刷下后找了熟人帮忙，通过走后门还是进了哈佛法学院。俩人都超级热爱阅读，每天都要花大量时间在读书上面。芒格和巴菲特在阅读中巴菲特第一次听说芒格的名字，1957年。那一年，他27岁，搞了一个私募基金，到处在募资。有一回，他去一个名叫戴维斯的医生家里，想说服后者投1万美元给他。当时巴菲特还没有“股神”的大名，想让别人把钱交给他来打理，非常不容易。而戴维斯医生听他讲了一会儿，就决定投10万美元给他。巴菲特震惊了，他问道：我讲的时候您似乎都没有认真听，为什么会投钱给我呢？戴维斯说，因为你让我想起了一个人，查理·芒格。巴菲特由此深深地记住了芒格这个名字。他很想知道，这个人到底有多大魅力，以至于自己只不过是和他有些相似之处，就能得到别人如此的信任。两年以后，芒格回到老家处理一些家事时，巴菲特终于在朋友的安排下和芒格见了面。如果友谊也可以用“一见钟情”来形容的话，用在这次见面再恰当不过。正是这一次见面，定下了巴菲特和芒格终生的友谊。那一天，一贯骄傲自负，原本喜欢在与人谈话时掌控话语权的巴菲特，一反常态，把掌控对话的权力“让”给了芒格。巴菲特的妻子苏珊说：“这太罕见了，我永远都不会忘记那个晚上。”芒格这一边，本来对于见面没有抱什么期待，觉得就是个普通的应酬而已。不过，他很快就知道自己大错特错。原来，他将遇到的是一辈子的伯乐与知己。在奥马哈俱乐部包间里，他们先是共同聊了一下小时候各自在巴菲特爷爷的杂货铺打工的趣事，吐槽了老头的刻薄。然后，芒格问巴菲特现在做什么工作，业务是怎么运作的。巴菲特开始眉飞色舞地介绍他的投资业务，以及他所采用的本杰明·格雷厄姆投资哲学。芒格立马就被吸引了。此时，他已经从事律师业务十几年，仍然只不过是个年收入几万美元的中产阶级而已，离他从小就梦寐以求的“像鲁滨逊那样掌控自己的命运”还差得太远。巴菲特满口的投资术语，对于普通人来说，非常晦涩难懂。但芒格立马就弄明白了，巴菲特大有欣遇知音之感，越讲越起劲。芒格问巴菲特：你觉得我在加州能做同样的事情吗？巴菲特盯着芒格看了好一会，说道：是的！我非常确定你可以！俩人越聊越投机，当午餐结束，其他人都已经离去时，他们还在全神贯注地交谈。由于这次聊天意犹未尽，俩人很快就在强尼咖啡馆安排了第二次见面。巴菲特与芒格61年前见面的强尼咖啡馆，现在还照常营业据巴菲特回忆：谈话期间，芒格为自己讲的一个笑话从椅子上滑到了地板上，然后在地板上笑得直打滚。他自己也一样（在地上打滚）。他说：在那个时刻，我知道我遇到气味相投的人。而芒格回到加州时，也兴奋地对妻子南希说：我遇到了一个非常聪明的人。两个人都知道，自从遇到对方，自己的命运，将从此发生改变。2巴菲特定居的奥马哈和芒格定居的洛杉矶，相隔2000公里。自从第一次见面之后，俩人每天都要煲电话粥，一煲就是一两个小时。还写信，有时候写着写着，写到9页纸之多。巴菲特专程飞到洛杉矶，到芒格家里做客。芒格家的孩子们都对此印象深刻，哪怕最小的孩子，都知道这是一个非常重要的客人，从母亲准备晚宴的精心程度就可以看出来——不过，那些精致的牛排和蔬菜全都被巴菲特忽略了，毫不在意膳食健康的他，光顾着喝可乐和吃冰淇淋。巴菲特和芒格的长相其实一点也不相似。但孩子们都记得自己的一个感受：这俩人怎么那么像！另一个感受是：爸爸整天都在和巴菲特打电话。后来，芒格还经常邀请巴菲特去他们家族在明尼苏达州星湖的湖心岛别墅做客。有一次，芒格把船开翻了，巴菲特差点淹死。从那以后，巴菲特再也不敢坐芒格开的船了。芒格家的游艇（芒格亲自设计的）俩人的感情突飞猛进之时，事业也开始珠联璧合。芒格是洛杉矶知名的商业律师，虽然没赚到多少钱，但是认识了一大批有钱人。他把自己的客户都介绍给巴菲特。由于他这些年已经建立了良好信誉，这些客户都对他无比信任，很多人都把钱交给巴菲特打理，让巴菲特的投资基金从几十万美元级别上升到几百万美元级别。可以说，是芒格让巴菲特的事业登上了一个新的台阶，把他从闭塞的内布拉斯加大平原带到了富庶的加州海岸。但更大的帮助，是芒格对巴菲特思想上的启发。在见到芒格以前，巴菲特是格雷厄姆投资哲学的忠实信徒。格雷厄姆是巴菲特在哥伦比亚大学时的导师，也是华尔街的传奇投资人。他教会巴菲特如何挑选被低估的股票，然后在高价的时候卖出。但芒格告诉巴菲特，做投资不要只会捡便宜货，要学会辨别什么是好生意，并且长期持有，最好是永远都不需要卖出。由此，巴菲特完成了投资生涯最重要的理念转型，才有了此后的巴菲特投资神话。日后，巴菲特评价说：“格雷厄姆教会我买便宜货，而芒格则推进了不要光买便宜货的投资方向……他用非比寻常的力量，拓展了我的视野，让我从猿变成了人……如果只听格雷厄姆的话，我会比现在穷得多。”公平地讲，格雷厄姆本人也是投资大神。他的投资哲学，也是非常有指导意义的，到现在还有很多人在用格雷厄姆的方法投资，并赚了很多钱。但是对巴菲特来说，师从格雷厄姆，最多只能成为格雷厄姆，而不能成为后来远远超越格雷厄姆的沃伦·巴菲特。是芒格让巴菲特在格雷厄姆的投资哲学上继续升华，形成了巴菲特—芒格投资哲学。因为有了芒格，巴菲特才成其为巴菲特，而不是格雷厄姆第二。而对于芒格来讲，巴菲特更是人生的引路人和伯乐。是巴菲特发现了芒格的投资天赋，极力推动他从律师转型为投资人，并为芒格提供了实现梦想的平台。在认识巴菲特之前，芒格只不过是一个时薪30美元的律师而已。在巴菲特的鼓励和带领下，他也开始了投资生涯。他们先是各自运营各自的投资公司，但在很多项目上会合作，例如蓝筹印花、喜诗糖果、威斯克金融公司等大项目，都收益丰厚。后来，两人干脆合到一起，他们分别解散了自己的投资公司，所有资产并入巴菲特购买的纺织企业伯克希尔·哈撒韦，并一起将这家企业变成了投资公司。1978年，芒格担任了伯克希尔的董事会副主席。从此，他被世人称之为“巴菲特的右手”。从俩人开始合作投资，到芒格正式加入伯克希尔，中间隔了十几年。这十几年间，他们无数次合作，从来没有通过任何一份合同来界定俩人合作的条款，纯粹凭着双方对彼此的信任一路向前。原来芒格自己运营的投资公司，并入伯克希尔后，折算为2%的股份。这些股份现在价值92亿美元，即644亿人民币。当然，这些年芒格已经捐赠和套现了不少。现在他还拥有的资产是17亿美元，排名世界第1335名（均为2020年7月16日数据）。当然，巴菲特本人就赚得更多了。目前，他的财富是720亿美元，世界排名第4。事实上，自2000年代以来，他基本上都处于富豪榜前列的位置，有些年份甚至超越比尔·盖茨而高居第一。3巴菲特和芒格不常见面，他们平时沟通主要是通过电话。基本上每天都会通话，哪怕是有一方在度假，电话也会打到度假屋去。见面的时候往往都是公司年度会议，或者一些重要的研讨会、决策会。伯克希尔的重要投资决策通常都是两人一起作出。巴菲特几乎对芒格言听计从，以至于很多人认为，芒格才是伯克希尔的真正决策者。巴菲特通常比较乐观。他会看到一家公司的发展前景。而芒格则总会去看公司的缺点，研究公司可能会失败在哪里。所以，巴菲特开玩笑地说，芒格是个令人讨厌的“不先生”，因为他总是说“NO！”。如果是芒格坚决反对的项目，巴菲特一定不会投；如果芒格只是说一个“no”，但态度不是那么坚决，巴菲特就会慎重考虑；如果一个项目连芒格也想不出不投的理由，他们就会果断地投。但这也并不是全部奏效。有时候会出现这样的情况：巴菲特说：芒格，你说的我全都听进去了，但我还是想做这件事。这时候，芒格就会保留自己的意见，全力支持巴菲特。由于能入芒格法眼的项目实在是少之又少，所以伯克希尔每年真正做出的投资决策屈指可数。有时甚至一年才投资一两次。而一旦决定后，他们的行动会非常迅速，普通的投资机构入股某些公司的繁文缛节，在他们这儿一切从简，有时甚至连财务报表都懒得看。如果以投资决策的频率来看工作强度的话，巴菲特和芒格可能是全世界最轻松、最悠闲的投资人。当然，在此背后，是他们每天不断的阅读、思考和讨论。伯克希尔的投资也并非总是成功。实际上，他们几十年来所投资的项目，有很多都乏善可陈，甚至有过一些比市场平均表现还差、不得不割肉出售的项目。但关键是他们投中的十几个好项目，例如《华盛顿邮报》、可口可乐、内布拉斯加家具城等，在源源不断地给他们产生利润。巴菲特说，如果把我们投资组合中表现最好的十只股票拿掉，伯克希尔就会变成一间非常平庸的投资公司。伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司在一年一度的伯克希尔投资人年会上，巴菲特和芒格总是一起坐在主席台上，报告公司的业绩，接受大家的提问。通常，都是巴菲特在滔滔不绝，而芒格则较少发言。不过，巴菲特总是会在一段发言之后，转过头来问一下芒格：你认为呢？芒格的回答总是：我没有什么要补充的。（I have nothing to add）这两句对话几乎成了年会的标志性对话。以至于某一年，爱开玩笑的巴菲特，弄了个纸板的芒格放在自己旁边，用录音机录下芒格的话，时不时问一下纸版的“芒格”：“你认为呢？”，然后自己用录音机放出芒格的声音：“我没有什么要补充的”，并露出小孩般的顽皮笑脸。芒格名言：I have nothing to add。不过，这并不意味着芒格的水平被埋没。因为巴菲特总是一口一个“芒格和我”（Charlie and I），让大众知道，所有决策都是他俩一起作出的。他在年会上曾经这样说过：“芒格负责讲话的内容，我只是动动嘴皮子而已”。而一旦芒格在某些问题上真正有话要说，全场都会安静下来聆听，生怕错过一个单词。他的发言总是充满真知灼见，在人们眼中，芒格已经是“智者”的代名词。4巴菲特和芒格的友谊，并不像普通的朋友相处那样，需要委屈自己来迁就对方。当他们在一起的时候，每个人都可以做真实的自己，而不用担心对方会生气。他们会像“损友”一样，互相开对方的玩笑、揭露对方的“糗事”。但是开玩笑的一方总是有分寸，而被开玩笑的一方也一定会包容。巴菲特在芒格家做客，不爱吃的饭菜就不碰，不会为了讨好芒格及女主人而去吃自己不喜欢的东西。在湖心岛别墅时，芒格特地从当地请了最好的剧团为巴菲特表演话剧，但巴菲特不喜欢那种风格的戏剧，他就会直接表现出不喜欢，而不会出于礼貌，违心地说很好看。芒格也不遑多让。有一回，他们一起到某地考察投资项目。巴菲特在大街上喋喋不休地说了半天，没有听到芒格的回应，回头一看，芒格早就不见身影。原来，芒格想起还要赶另一班飞机，就自顾自打出租车走了，连招呼都没和他打一声。尽管彼此之间有这些“缺点”，但这从未影响两人的感情。巴菲特说，合作50多年，他们之间从未红过脸——一次都没有。哪怕是芒格弄翻了船，让巴菲特差点淹死，他也没有对此说过半句怨言。他们也会有意见分歧，但互相都会耐心聆听对方的想法，对于不认可的地方，会不带情绪地理性讨论、甚至争论，但是从来不会吵架。因为，他们都知道，对方的意见，值得自己尊重。在记录芒格平生经历和智慧箴言的《穷查理宝典》序言中，巴菲特讲到，芒格最崇拜的本杰明·富兰克林曾经写过一篇妙文：《选择爱人的建议》。在文中，富兰克林建议年轻人要选择年纪大一点的成熟女人作为爱人，并且提出了8个理由。例如，她们更了解世界、更通情达理、性爱的经验更丰富等等，其中第8个也是最关键的一个是：她会对你心怀感激。巴菲特借鉴了这篇文章，提出了《选择合伙人的建议》。他总结道：1.要选择比你更聪明、更有智慧的人；2.他不会在你面前炫耀他的高明；3.在你犯下重大错误的时候，他不会事后诸葛亮，也不会生你的气；4.他应该慷慨大方，会投入自己的钱并努力为你工作而不计报酬；5.他能够在漫漫长路上与你结伴同游，给你不断带来快乐。巴菲特说：我很早就建立了这个原则，并决定完全遵守。而全部符合我这些特殊要求的人，只有芒格一个……我不知道芒格是不是因为其他7个标准而选择了我，但我绝对符合富兰克林的第8个标准：我对芒格的感激，无以言表。5世界上，一起做生意的好朋友很多。但后来，他们要么变成了上下级，友情不再；要么一拍两散，各自安好；要么貌合神离，心怀别扭；要么反目成仇，互相攻讦。能够不忘初心，不改旧情的，少之又少。而巴菲特和芒格，共事50多年，事业越做越大，成为人类历史上最成功的投资二人组。而他们的友情，从未变质，反而历久弥坚。究竟是什么，让他们的友情能够经受半个多世纪的时间考验和几百亿美元的金钱考验呢？我认为，主要有以下两个方面：第一是智力、品德、个性、理念的高度契合。他们互相认为对方是自己认识的人里面最聪明的，互相愿意认真聆听对方的想法，并尊重对方的意见。他们都喜欢正直、诚实，也都认为对方正直、诚实，也喜欢一起结交正直和诚实的人，讨厌不正直不诚实的人。他们都喜欢幽默风趣，并且认为对方幽默风趣。而且一个人讲的笑话，另一个人会发自内心地觉得好笑。在投资理念上，他们都认可价值投资，都认同做自己能力圈的事情，都拥有无比的耐心。尽管他们对于风险的偏好有所不同，但从来没有理念上的分歧。这是俩人在事业上能够合作这么多年的最稳定的根基。如果一个人能和你互相认可对方的智力及能力、互相信任对方的品德、互相欣赏对方的个性、而且具有相同的价值理念，那么你们一起合作，成功的可能性就会很高，而且友情和事业可以兼顾。而如果在智力、品德、个性、理念上，其中有一方面不相投，最好就不要合伙。如果一定要合伙的话，就要先做好朋友关系会变质的准备。第二是各自恪守自己的本分。巴菲特是个无比自负的人，而且在投资界已经称“神”，但他在任何公开场合，“言必称芒格”，总是不遗余力地推崇芒格，肯定芒格对自己的作用以及对伯克希尔的贡献。今天，芒格的名字能够为世人所知，他的智慧能够为世人所钦佩，与巴菲特的推崇备至是分不开的。虽然从感情上他们是朋友、从职位上他们是上下级，但是从思想上，可以说巴菲特对待芒格是“以师礼待之”。芒格从巴菲特这里得到了最充分的认可和尊重！试问，那些和朋友一起开公司的老板们，能够做到这样对待身为自己下属的朋友吗？而芒格这一边，却从不居功自傲。面对巴菲特的赞誉，他辩解道，巴菲特无比聪明，即使没有我的帮助，他也早晚会明白投资的道理。即使世界上从来没有过查理·芒格这个人，巴菲特的业绩依然会像现在这么漂亮。俩人正式合伙时，所有人都惊讶于心高气傲的芒格竟然会屈尊去给人当副手。但芒格说：我并没有特别放不下的自尊。总有人在某些方面比你厉害。做人应该学会扮演所有的角色，在不同人面前你可以有不同的身份。作为一个合伙人和副手，芒格是合格的。他会对自己看到的所有问题直言不讳，但是当老板已经决定要做一件事，他会全力以赴地支持。当坐在伯克希尔大会的讲台上时，他清楚地知道自己是巴菲特的配角，他的职责就是配合好巴菲特，而不是自己出风头。伯克希尔年会已成为全球投资界的嘉年华对于巴菲特的财富比自己多几十倍，芒格从来都不眼红。他认为：嫉妒是人身上最愚蠢的原罪，一定要坚决摒弃嫉妒的心理。很多人问芒格，你和巴菲特一起搞投资，为什么他的钱比你多那么多？芒格平静地回答：他开始得比我早，他比我更聪明，他比我更勤奋，没有别的了。在芒格的各种演讲中，也经常会讲“巴菲特如何如何”，对巴菲特欣赏和敬佩溢于言表。他无比感激巴菲特让他从律师行业中脱身出来，并给了他发挥投资才华的平台，让自己实现了从小就梦想的掌控自己命运的自由。如果一起创业的两个人，当老板的不摆老板的架子，当副手的不僭越自己的边界，互相尊重各自的身份、贡献和利益，就比较容易友好地共事下去。如果一个老想着摆老板的架子，另一个总觉得“咱俩谁和谁？”，那俩人的关系很快就会变得无比尴尬，并最终疏远，甚至破裂。6芒格已经96岁，巴菲特也已经90岁。他俩从1959年相识，到现在已经61年；从1962年开始合作项目，到现在已经58年；从1978年正式成为同事，已经42年。他们依然双双活跃在伯克希尔的舞台上，望向对方的眼神中，充满着脉脉深情。他们的事业和友谊，已经成为这个世界不灭的传奇，必将流传永久。我常常想，人生于世间，应该有一番轰轰烈烈的事业，有一个高山流水的至交好友，才不枉此生。有些人事业成功，但是没有朋友；有些人拥有最好的朋友，但是不适合一起创业。如果能够和最好的朋友，创最好的事业，互相成就，一辈子做知己，那该是多美好的人生？死而无憾，应该就是这样子吧？","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":851,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":940403009,"gmtCreate":1594032747801,"gmtModify":1704203566190,"author":{"id":"3530930900856874","authorId":"3530930900856874","name":"小白cool","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/478bfbd07d3d32762368bb70db2d1a33","crmLevel":5,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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