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Wxj
2021-07-04
Apple store还是可以正常下载使用的
抱歉,原内容已删除
Wxj
2021-01-25
非常有道理,坚定持有,走过牛熊,代表未来趋势
抱歉,原内容已删除
Wxj
2021-01-25
$RLX科技(RLX)$
坚定持有,市占率龙头,抽烟,喝酒,吃药,必须消费,挑战中国烟草
Wxj
2021-01-23
$RLX科技(RLX)$
是中了,怎么没到帐???
Wxj
2021-01-07
阿里不是支持,而是扫除赛道障碍
抱歉,原内容已删除
Wxj
2020-11-24
听上去有点道理,事实是否如此,最近类似的文章较多,在做空
击鼓传花,生物医药的“大泡沫”快要破了?
Wxj
2020-11-19
$逸仙电商(YSG)$
只有10,能挣回手续费不?
Wxj
2020-10-27
$蚂蚁集团(06688)$
为什么打新必须只有融资吗?还是就老虎🐯这样干?
Wxj
2020-10-27
$蚂蚁集团(06688)$
老虎怎么都不可以使用自有资金打新吗?非得要融资吗?另外就算融资又没有额度?这是什么情况? 不让打新吗?
Wxj
2020-10-26
$药明巨诺-B(02126)$
怎么一直没有额度?
Wxj
2020-08-31
$小鹏汽车(XPEV)$
现在不能做空嘛
Wxj
2020-05-08
$51信用卡(02051)$
骗子公司 经营的都是下三滥的业务
Wxj
2020-05-08
$51信用卡(02051)$
没有任何人品可言的公司,目前正在大肆得收割投资人 通过勾连第三方 打折本金及前期利息收益 未经通知 突然扣除收益率 没有任何信用 收集证据 准备集体起诉
Wxj
2020-04-27
$51信用卡(02051)$
没信用可言的骗子公司
Wxj
2019-11-25
$阿里巴巴-SW(09988)$
首次打新,怎么样才知道中签?
去老虎APP查看更多动态
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 store还是可以正常下载使用的","listText":"Apple store还是可以正常下载使用的","text":"Apple store还是可以正常下载使用的","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/155871977","repostId":"2148938827","repostType":2,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1493,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":319623479,"gmtCreate":1611580628491,"gmtModify":1703751144778,"author":{"id":"3493034514506522","authorId":"3493034514506522","name":"Wxj","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4c234b2f9593ad75421fa31fd7f3106f","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3493034514506522","idStr":"3493034514506522"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"非常有道理,坚定持有,走过牛熊,代表未来趋势","listText":"非常有道理,坚定持有,走过牛熊,代表未来趋势","text":"非常有道理,坚定持有,走过牛熊,代表未来趋势","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/319623479","repostId":"335239249","repostType":1,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1427,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":319620282,"gmtCreate":1611580350346,"gmtModify":1703751141830,"author":{"id":"3493034514506522","authorId":"3493034514506522","name":"Wxj","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4c234b2f9593ad75421fa31fd7f3106f","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3493034514506522","idStr":"3493034514506522"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/RLX\">$RLX科技(RLX)$</a>是中了,怎么没到帐???","text":"$RLX科技(RLX)$是中了,怎么没到帐???","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/310537850","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2034,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":336131969,"gmtCreate":1610033713051,"gmtModify":1703742255116,"author":{"id":"3493034514506522","authorId":"3493034514506522","name":"Wxj","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4c234b2f9593ad75421fa31fd7f3106f","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3493034514506522","idStr":"3493034514506522"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"阿里不是支持,而是扫除赛道障碍","listText":"阿里不是支持,而是扫除赛道障碍","text":"阿里不是支持,而是扫除赛道障碍","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/336131969","repostId":"2101850676","repostType":2,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1555,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":399798389,"gmtCreate":1606186050941,"gmtModify":1703841485872,"author":{"id":"3493034514506522","authorId":"3493034514506522","name":"Wxj","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4c234b2f9593ad75421fa31fd7f3106f","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3493034514506522","idStr":"3493034514506522"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"听上去有点道理,事实是否如此,最近类似的文章较多,在做空","listText":"听上去有点道理,事实是否如此,最近类似的文章较多,在做空","text":"听上去有点道理,事实是否如此,最近类似的文章较多,在做空","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/399798389","repostId":"1112293721","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"1112293721","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1606101262,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1112293721?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2020-11-23 11:14","market":"hk","language":"zh","title":"击鼓传花,生物医药的“大泡沫”快要破了?","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1112293721","media":"阿尔法工场研究院","summary":"资本催肥,遍地“创新”。","content":"<p>作者:贾亭</p><p>“要不我到你们公司具体谈吧。”</p><p>“好的,我们在荷丹路186号。”</p><p>“我也在荷丹路186号……”手机还没放下,一抬头,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/02359\">药明康德</a>员工小刘就看到窗玻璃另一边同样在张望的客户。</p><p>上海浦东新区荷丹路186号,全球最大CRO企业<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/603259\">药明康德</a>的一些员工在这里办公。</p><p>同样驻扎在这里的,是只有“一个半人”的生物医药公司:一个人负责盯开发进度,另外“半个人”是在外面跑融资的。至于研发,都交给他们的合作伙伴——药明康德。</p><p>由于这样的客户实在太多,药明康德找到荷丹路186号的这一处场所,方便与客户对接。</p><p>隔壁就是荷丹路240号——上海自贸区国际生物医药科创中心。2017年年底,上海<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600648\">外高桥</a>保税区与辖区内的明星企业药明康德合资共建,成立了这个孵化空间。</p><p>初衷,当然是以“创新”之名。</p><p><b>01资本催肥,遍地“创新”</b></p><p>2015年药品审批制度改革以来,中国新药上市速度明显加快,资本闻声而动,快速催肥。2017年底,港交所允许未盈利的“生物技术类”企业在主板上市;2019年3月,科创板同样向不盈利的生物医药企业敞开大门。<b>生物医药领域的资本盛宴被推到最高潮。</b></p><p>一时之间,中国遍地都是“创新药”。</p><p>这些“创新药”都是怎么来的?小刘告诉健识局,他见过一个最极端的“玩家”,是做地产起家的。<b>这位地产老板明确要求药明康德:“我什么都不懂,你们帮我选个品种。”</b></p><p>作为CRO公司,“药明系”企业提供的主要服务之一,就是把资本和化合物糅合到一起,吹出一个又一个华丽闪亮的泡泡,飘向主管部门、科学家、医院、医生……最终落到患者和医保的钱袋子里。</p><p>集齐天时、地利、人和,中国生物医药产业迎来“黄金十年”,药明康德也从一个快要被卖掉的小公司变为全球最大CRO公司,市值一度蹿升到2900亿元。</p><p><b>在真正关心中国创新驱动力的业内人看来,如今,这个产业却越来越有被玩坏的趋势,前些天被舆论极度关注的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/01877\">君实生物</a>只是一个起点。</b></p><p>一位国内顶级生物产业园的负责人对此评价:“这个行业,明年底就会有大洗牌。”</p><p>11月18日,药明康德自A股上市来第一次触及跌停,一天蒸发市值257亿元。<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002821\">凯莱英</a>(002821.SZ)、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/03347\">泰格医药</a>(300347.SZ,03347.HK)等CRO企业股价也大跌。近两日股价略有回调,但仍在低位徘徊。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/35f8b80bea47d3ea8ad87e99cb8b7834\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\"></p><p>一叶落,可知天下秋。</p><p><b>02最值钱的甚至不是药品本身</b></p><p>令人玩味的是,比起10年前CRO概念刚进入中国的时候,如今的入局者恐怕更讲不清CRO到底是什么。</p><p>从字面翻译,CRO是指医药研发合同外包机构。最初,中国的CRO主要是服务临床研究,包括设计方案、联络医院、统计数据之类;后来逐步拓展到化合物生产、筛选以及制药行业全过程。</p><p>总之,将科学家研究的化合物最终做成药品,是CRO公司的价值所在。</p><p>在国外,药物研发有所谓的“VIC模式”,即风险投资、知识产权、CRO三者结合,共同开发药物。</p><p>开发者以自有品种融资,交给CRO做后续开发,成为药品上市许可人(MAH)后,委托生产企业进行药品生产,然后交由专业的药品销售公司卖出。</p><p><b>在VIC模式下,研发公司的确只要几个人就行,这也是近年国外药物研发的主流模式。不用受制于大企业的效率弊病,科研小团队能够兵贵神速,出奇制胜。</b></p><p><b>但在国内,“VIC模式”已经异化成了“VC模式”,药明康德这样的公司实际上承担了输出知识产权的工作。</b></p><p>接到那位地产老板的要求后,药明康德负责在上万个化合物资料库里挑选一种。挑完后,对其进行“定制化”开发,并冠以高深的医学词汇对产品功能定性,一切就准备就绪。</p><p>至于这个品种的机理是什么?对应什么靶点?能治什么病?反而是后话了。</p><p>这样开发出的品种,瞄准的一般都是全世界都治不好的病。因此,疗效衡量标准也很微妙,因为没有成熟的治疗药物可以做比较。</p><p><b>行话就是:只要是个全新的“靶点”,每往前迈一步都是“创新”。</b></p><p>真正的医药创新,追求的是“同类第一”,至少也要是“me too, me better”,力争疗效更好。</p><p><b>但现实中,很多同质化品种其实都出自CRO之手,根本不可能实现每一个都better。但只要“地产老板”们的需求来了,化合物仍会一个接一个地从库里被挑出来……</b></p><p>药明康德2019年年报显示,公司处于临床前研究阶段的分子数近 1000 个,服务全球客户超过3900个。</p><p>按药明康德披露的数据,全球小型制药公司占制药公司总数的 76.8%。可以推算,3900个客户里,有接近3000个小型企业,其中一部分企业的“研发模式”从头到尾都离不开药明康德。</p><p>以行业里最热门的PD-1来说,健识局初步统计,国内最多时有85个PD-1品种同时在研,其中既有“海归”组建的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/V03.SI\">创业公司</a>,也有做中药注射液的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002437\">誉衡药业</a>、做双黄连口服液的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002317\">众生药业</a>。</p><p>那真是:锣鼓喧天,鞭炮齐鸣。</p><p>只因为从技术角度而言,PD-1不难做。有业内人士指出:“只要是PD-1这个靶点,各类产品的实际疗效其实都差不多,有效率30%左右,没有太明显的区别。所以才有那么多企业去做。”</p><p>誉衡药业PD-1产品、众生药业的PD-1小分子抑制剂,正是药明康德力推的产物。</p><p><b>“地产老板”们也很明白:药品有没有效不重要,最值钱的也不是药品本身,而是“创新”两个字。只要有“创新”,就很容易圈钱上市、套现走人。</b></p><p><b>03 CRO在中国起死回生</b></p><p>2013年,第一次接触<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BGNE\">百济神州</a>后,高瓴资本的张磊才意识到药明康德的价值。</p><p>在绝大多数人根本看不懂的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/688221\">前沿生物</a>医药企业背后,还有这样专门提供研发上市一条龙服务的公司,这显然是在大家抢挖金矿时卖水的那个人。</p><p><b>张磊或许不懂生物,但他清楚卖水挣钱。2015年,高瓴参与了药明康德从纽交所的私有化。</b></p><p>如果真想做“时间的朋友”,张磊就不该那么晚才拉一把药明康德。2010年,李革快撑不下去的时候,才是张磊最佳的出手时机。</p><p>2000年,在美国CRO公司Pharmacopeia工作了7年的李革回国,他那时的想法很简单:中国大学生人力成本低,只有不到美国的十分之一,稍加培训,从事基础的药物前体开发非常合适。</p><p>李革没有选上海作为起点,而是“小上海”无锡,追求的是成本更低——直到今天,猎聘网上,药明康德设在上海的助理研究员岗位,要求有机化学或药学及相关专业本科学位,起薪:4000元。</p><p>用中国的人才,替跨国药企做事,这是药明康德的最初业务,也因此有“制药界富士康”的外号。4000元起薪的研究员们把化学试剂滴入一排排容器、做记录、继续滴、继续记录,周而复始。</p><p>李革更愿意把这种流水线生产称为“创造”,因为员工手里的可能就是10年后的“重磅药物”,彼时,药明康德能挣到的只有开发费用,就像当年富士康一台iPhone6只能赚25元人民币一样。</p><p><b>长期以来,跨国药企是医药行业研发的主力军,这种形势直到2008年之前都没什么变化。但一场波及全球的金融危机,让世界经济旧格局被打破,医药行业的重心也发生了彻底的转变。</b></p><p>整日浸泡在“春江水”中,药明康德是最先知晓冷暖的那只“鸭”。2009年初,好多提前拿到药明康德offer的大学生惊奇地发现:他们有的收到了一份“延期入职”通知,有的拿到了降薪通知,还有的直接被“无条件解约”。</p><p>此事在药明康德设立基地的上海、江苏、天津等地迅速发酵,学生们讨说法的新闻登上了2009年4月14日的《中国青年报》。</p><p><b>当时,药明康德的主要客户是世界TOP20的制药巨头。金融危机之下,外资药企缩减了研发投入,靠既有产品回笼利润。祸不单行的是,药明康德在2008年1月时收购了美国艾普科技实验室。</b></p><p>一进一出之间,压力巨大,李革不得不大幅削减国内成本。最难的时候,2010年,药明康德计划作价16亿美元,卖给美国<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/CRL\">查尔斯河</a>实验室。然而,买方的三大股东认为这笔收购将引发投资风险,最终未能成交。</p><p>但李革有他的幸运:中国在全球金融危机中迅速复苏,并驶入了快车道。科学家纷纷回国,各路资本也开始涌入中国。有了先进技术和雄厚资本,国内生物医药产业一触即发。</p><p>从当下叱咤风云的一批创新药企的创立时间,就能感受到当年的风潮:<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/06160\">百济神州</a>创立于2010年;<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/688180\">君实生物</a>创立于2012年;<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/01801\">信达生物</a>成立于2011年;华领医药成立于2011年;康方生物创立于2012年……</p><p>药明康德抓住了这一波机会,迅速把重心从外企转到国内,自此甩脱了卖身的命运。</p><p><b>04疯狂的估值体系</b></p><p>今年夏天,上海阿姨商太太接到一个特别的电话。家底殷实的她接过很多理财产品推销,这次却不太一样。</p><p>电话挂断后,一份“xx生物科技有限公司商业计划书”就发到了这位上海阿姨的微信上。计划书显示,xx生物创始团队星光熠熠,包括曾经的纳斯达克公司联合创始人、曾经的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/0O59.UK\">赛诺菲</a>首席科学家、曾经的药明康德研发总监、耶鲁大学教授……研究领域是一个叫“Nrf2”的靶点。</p><p>阿姨和你我一样,都不知道Nrf2是什么,但计划书里说了,这个靶点与阿尔茨海默病、帕金森、脑卒中、多元性硬化症等联系紧密,该公司有望全面攻克这些老年病。</p><p>接到电话时,这家公司成立刚半年,计划书里估值已1亿元。“现在对外开放最多15%的股份,也就是1500万元,每份100万元,先到先得,太太您要抓紧啊!”</p><p>对只有“一个半人”的创新药企而言,要想实现资本价值,药明康德等CRO公司已成为不可或缺的一环。</p><p>对资本市场的投资者来说,这些创新药品无疑是陌生的;对监管部门来说,这些瞄准世界医疗难题的品种也是陌生的;对于擅长财务分析的专业投资机构,这样的公司更是陌生的——根本就没有利润和现金流。</p><p>为了更像那么回事,这些创新药企一般都会背靠一个强大的初创团队,基本都是在外资药企有多年经验的老将。他们具体是否从事过相关药物开发、是否握有自主知识产权的品种,无人真正在意。</p><p><b>CRO公司就这样批量制造着“创新药企”,不再满足于实验室流水线挣取的那点开发费用,而是一种利润更高的“流水线”模式:研发、包装、上市、分钱,再包装一个、上市、分钱……</b></p><p>在药明康德财报中,公开投资标的只有5个:爱康国宾、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/01951\">锦欣生殖</a>、华领医药、Genensis公司、天演药业。</p><p>值得注意的是,2015年,药明康德牵头成立了一个医药投资基金:WuXi Healthcare Ventures II L.P.,并吸纳了誉衡药业、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002793\">罗欣药业</a>等作为合伙人,大笔投资与自我业务紧密关联的创新型生物医药企业。</p><p>以港股上市的基石药业为例,药明康德实控的这家投资基金就是基石的最大股东,占股28.47%。这家基金在更多小微生物医药企业中的占股比例则无法统计。</p><p>药明康德2019年年报显示,WuXi Healthcare Ventures II L.P.为药明康德实现投资收益1.12亿元,在药明康德全年净利润中贡献了6%的占比。</p><p>也就是说,想要实现更多的投资收益,需要这些小微创新药企不断获得融资、最终上市。故事又回到了一开始——比起艰深的生物医药知识,手握热钱的投资人更能看懂的是“创新”二字,和“创新”产品的数量。</p><p>现实是,对小微企业来说,仅靠自身研发能力,要想实现多靶点、多个治疗领域的同时突破,没几家初创企业有这个实力。或者说,即使有了CRO公司的助力,也很难在短时间获得突破。</p><p><b>但只要换个小目标,如果只是对外营造出“雄厚研发实力”的感觉,则是CRO公司的强项。</b></p><p>曾几何时,药品研发团队是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>公司,而CRO公司是只挣开发费的“制药界富士康”。如今,CRO派了自家员工进驻到苹果,共同设计当下最炙手可热的苹果芯片,最终,一同欢欢喜喜扎进苹果股票满满的分红池里。</p><p>有生物医药企业人士向健识局感慨,在美国,对未上市的生物医药企业进行估值,参考的是其进入三期临床的品种。因为只有到这个阶段,才有较高可能性最终上市、实现收益。“而在中国,大批研发管线中‘临床前’的药物也都能给估值,十分混乱。”</p><p><b> 05击鼓传花,哪天事发</b></p><p>没上临床的药物都能够有估值,这样的血腥味无疑大大吸引了创业者。目前在国内,一大批登陆A股和港股的生物医药企业,其研发管线中大量都是“临床前”品种,甚至有的品种从公司上市至今就一直停留在“临床前”。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/9e381a408de4e877641a78332bec5b6c\" tg-width=\"572\" tg-height=\"337\"></p><p>这些只存在于招股说明书里的“创新药”,成为了国内“创新药大潮”中的明星代表。只要一个编号和一个大致治疗方向,往往就能撑起几十亿元的市值。在这背后,CRO公司功不可没。</p><p><b>在信达生物、华领医药、基石药业的宣传资料里,经常能看到药明康德的身影,或是合作,或是参股。大量创新药企业凭借一个品种登陆资本市场之后,后面的工作就又交给了药明康德。</b></p><p>有了强烈的市场需求,就会形成江湖。店大欺客的事情,在这个行业也不会少。日前就有行业人士公开撰文指出,CRO公司在与药品所有者处理关系时,往往存在各种龃龉:</p><p>有的是CRO收钱不做事;有的是开发到一半发现药品有价值,CRO想占为己有;有的是定制开发一款热门产品,交给多家小企业套取股权;还有一些是CRO内部开发者带着半成品离开,自己创业。</p><p>健识局就这些行业“潜规则”向药明康德求证,至截稿时未收到回复。</p><p>有一点可以肯定的是,在这个击鼓传花的链条上,各方参与者都在精心呵护,只要能顺利传到投资者、患者手上,鼓声戛然终止。</p><p>世事总会变化。外有医保谈判的价格压力、医疗反腐的政策压力,内有估值过高的资本压力、靶点开发难度加大的技术压力,生物医药行业能否还有下一个“黄金十年”,谁也没有把握。</p><p>至于CRO和下游那些“创新药企”,不知谁会先捅破那层薄纸。</p>","source":"lsy1591845786539","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" 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0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n击鼓传花,生物医药的“大泡沫”快要破了?\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2020-11-23 11:14 北京时间 <a href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MzAzNzE0MQ==&mid=2651489005&idx=1&sn=c392fa164ae2ac47c1f9ee901b447c4d&chksm=bd630cd78a1485c176cebf37eaeb9139fe62d279f32dc39d6560e7128ab691bf8c692d6120a6&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=1123nPwaUsFM7VSBJaRUSE1w&sharer_sharetime=1606089103635&sharer_shareid=7586656ebf6eeb9e2013785f454abff5&exportkey=ARtufMmlZ9zzihSeVAk1gGY%3D&pass_ticket=FNjU9ZJmlPYrhQztJwEcvSkRlRb21uS6tgnS%2F2si1hFOkvLL6x4MAmnIb89tla0G&wx_header=0#rd><strong>阿尔法工场研究院</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>作者:贾亭“要不我到你们公司具体谈吧。”“好的,我们在荷丹路186号。”“我也在荷丹路186号……”手机还没放下,一抬头,药明康德员工小刘就看到窗玻璃另一边同样在张望的客户。上海浦东新区荷丹路186号,全球最大CRO企业药明康德的一些员工在这里办公。同样驻扎在这里的,是只有“一个半人”的生物医药公司:一个人负责盯开发进度,另外“半个人”是在外面跑融资的。至于研发,都交给他们的合作伙伴——药明康德。...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MzAzNzE0MQ==&mid=2651489005&idx=1&sn=c392fa164ae2ac47c1f9ee901b447c4d&chksm=bd630cd78a1485c176cebf37eaeb9139fe62d279f32dc39d6560e7128ab691bf8c692d6120a6&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=1123nPwaUsFM7VSBJaRUSE1w&sharer_sharetime=1606089103635&sharer_shareid=7586656ebf6eeb9e2013785f454abff5&exportkey=ARtufMmlZ9zzihSeVAk1gGY%3D&pass_ticket=FNjU9ZJmlPYrhQztJwEcvSkRlRb21uS6tgnS%2F2si1hFOkvLL6x4MAmnIb89tla0G&wx_header=0#rd\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/85675909dc6c67ee0181339c18bcfdff","relate_stocks":{"603259":"药明康德","02359":"药明康德"},"source_url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MzAzNzE0MQ==&mid=2651489005&idx=1&sn=c392fa164ae2ac47c1f9ee901b447c4d&chksm=bd630cd78a1485c176cebf37eaeb9139fe62d279f32dc39d6560e7128ab691bf8c692d6120a6&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=1123nPwaUsFM7VSBJaRUSE1w&sharer_sharetime=1606089103635&sharer_shareid=7586656ebf6eeb9e2013785f454abff5&exportkey=ARtufMmlZ9zzihSeVAk1gGY%3D&pass_ticket=FNjU9ZJmlPYrhQztJwEcvSkRlRb21uS6tgnS%2F2si1hFOkvLL6x4MAmnIb89tla0G&wx_header=0#rd","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1112293721","content_text":"作者:贾亭“要不我到你们公司具体谈吧。”“好的,我们在荷丹路186号。”“我也在荷丹路186号……”手机还没放下,一抬头,药明康德员工小刘就看到窗玻璃另一边同样在张望的客户。上海浦东新区荷丹路186号,全球最大CRO企业药明康德的一些员工在这里办公。同样驻扎在这里的,是只有“一个半人”的生物医药公司:一个人负责盯开发进度,另外“半个人”是在外面跑融资的。至于研发,都交给他们的合作伙伴——药明康德。由于这样的客户实在太多,药明康德找到荷丹路186号的这一处场所,方便与客户对接。隔壁就是荷丹路240号——上海自贸区国际生物医药科创中心。2017年年底,上海外高桥保税区与辖区内的明星企业药明康德合资共建,成立了这个孵化空间。初衷,当然是以“创新”之名。01资本催肥,遍地“创新”2015年药品审批制度改革以来,中国新药上市速度明显加快,资本闻声而动,快速催肥。2017年底,港交所允许未盈利的“生物技术类”企业在主板上市;2019年3月,科创板同样向不盈利的生物医药企业敞开大门。生物医药领域的资本盛宴被推到最高潮。一时之间,中国遍地都是“创新药”。这些“创新药”都是怎么来的?小刘告诉健识局,他见过一个最极端的“玩家”,是做地产起家的。这位地产老板明确要求药明康德:“我什么都不懂,你们帮我选个品种。”作为CRO公司,“药明系”企业提供的主要服务之一,就是把资本和化合物糅合到一起,吹出一个又一个华丽闪亮的泡泡,飘向主管部门、科学家、医院、医生……最终落到患者和医保的钱袋子里。集齐天时、地利、人和,中国生物医药产业迎来“黄金十年”,药明康德也从一个快要被卖掉的小公司变为全球最大CRO公司,市值一度蹿升到2900亿元。在真正关心中国创新驱动力的业内人看来,如今,这个产业却越来越有被玩坏的趋势,前些天被舆论极度关注的君实生物只是一个起点。一位国内顶级生物产业园的负责人对此评价:“这个行业,明年底就会有大洗牌。”11月18日,药明康德自A股上市来第一次触及跌停,一天蒸发市值257亿元。凯莱英(002821.SZ)、泰格医药(300347.SZ,03347.HK)等CRO企业股价也大跌。近两日股价略有回调,但仍在低位徘徊。一叶落,可知天下秋。02最值钱的甚至不是药品本身令人玩味的是,比起10年前CRO概念刚进入中国的时候,如今的入局者恐怕更讲不清CRO到底是什么。从字面翻译,CRO是指医药研发合同外包机构。最初,中国的CRO主要是服务临床研究,包括设计方案、联络医院、统计数据之类;后来逐步拓展到化合物生产、筛选以及制药行业全过程。总之,将科学家研究的化合物最终做成药品,是CRO公司的价值所在。在国外,药物研发有所谓的“VIC模式”,即风险投资、知识产权、CRO三者结合,共同开发药物。开发者以自有品种融资,交给CRO做后续开发,成为药品上市许可人(MAH)后,委托生产企业进行药品生产,然后交由专业的药品销售公司卖出。在VIC模式下,研发公司的确只要几个人就行,这也是近年国外药物研发的主流模式。不用受制于大企业的效率弊病,科研小团队能够兵贵神速,出奇制胜。但在国内,“VIC模式”已经异化成了“VC模式”,药明康德这样的公司实际上承担了输出知识产权的工作。接到那位地产老板的要求后,药明康德负责在上万个化合物资料库里挑选一种。挑完后,对其进行“定制化”开发,并冠以高深的医学词汇对产品功能定性,一切就准备就绪。至于这个品种的机理是什么?对应什么靶点?能治什么病?反而是后话了。这样开发出的品种,瞄准的一般都是全世界都治不好的病。因此,疗效衡量标准也很微妙,因为没有成熟的治疗药物可以做比较。行话就是:只要是个全新的“靶点”,每往前迈一步都是“创新”。真正的医药创新,追求的是“同类第一”,至少也要是“me too, me better”,力争疗效更好。但现实中,很多同质化品种其实都出自CRO之手,根本不可能实现每一个都better。但只要“地产老板”们的需求来了,化合物仍会一个接一个地从库里被挑出来……药明康德2019年年报显示,公司处于临床前研究阶段的分子数近 1000 个,服务全球客户超过3900个。按药明康德披露的数据,全球小型制药公司占制药公司总数的 76.8%。可以推算,3900个客户里,有接近3000个小型企业,其中一部分企业的“研发模式”从头到尾都离不开药明康德。以行业里最热门的PD-1来说,健识局初步统计,国内最多时有85个PD-1品种同时在研,其中既有“海归”组建的创业公司,也有做中药注射液的誉衡药业、做双黄连口服液的众生药业。那真是:锣鼓喧天,鞭炮齐鸣。只因为从技术角度而言,PD-1不难做。有业内人士指出:“只要是PD-1这个靶点,各类产品的实际疗效其实都差不多,有效率30%左右,没有太明显的区别。所以才有那么多企业去做。”誉衡药业PD-1产品、众生药业的PD-1小分子抑制剂,正是药明康德力推的产物。“地产老板”们也很明白:药品有没有效不重要,最值钱的也不是药品本身,而是“创新”两个字。只要有“创新”,就很容易圈钱上市、套现走人。03 CRO在中国起死回生2013年,第一次接触百济神州后,高瓴资本的张磊才意识到药明康德的价值。在绝大多数人根本看不懂的前沿生物医药企业背后,还有这样专门提供研发上市一条龙服务的公司,这显然是在大家抢挖金矿时卖水的那个人。张磊或许不懂生物,但他清楚卖水挣钱。2015年,高瓴参与了药明康德从纽交所的私有化。如果真想做“时间的朋友”,张磊就不该那么晚才拉一把药明康德。2010年,李革快撑不下去的时候,才是张磊最佳的出手时机。2000年,在美国CRO公司Pharmacopeia工作了7年的李革回国,他那时的想法很简单:中国大学生人力成本低,只有不到美国的十分之一,稍加培训,从事基础的药物前体开发非常合适。李革没有选上海作为起点,而是“小上海”无锡,追求的是成本更低——直到今天,猎聘网上,药明康德设在上海的助理研究员岗位,要求有机化学或药学及相关专业本科学位,起薪:4000元。用中国的人才,替跨国药企做事,这是药明康德的最初业务,也因此有“制药界富士康”的外号。4000元起薪的研究员们把化学试剂滴入一排排容器、做记录、继续滴、继续记录,周而复始。李革更愿意把这种流水线生产称为“创造”,因为员工手里的可能就是10年后的“重磅药物”,彼时,药明康德能挣到的只有开发费用,就像当年富士康一台iPhone6只能赚25元人民币一样。长期以来,跨国药企是医药行业研发的主力军,这种形势直到2008年之前都没什么变化。但一场波及全球的金融危机,让世界经济旧格局被打破,医药行业的重心也发生了彻底的转变。整日浸泡在“春江水”中,药明康德是最先知晓冷暖的那只“鸭”。2009年初,好多提前拿到药明康德offer的大学生惊奇地发现:他们有的收到了一份“延期入职”通知,有的拿到了降薪通知,还有的直接被“无条件解约”。此事在药明康德设立基地的上海、江苏、天津等地迅速发酵,学生们讨说法的新闻登上了2009年4月14日的《中国青年报》。当时,药明康德的主要客户是世界TOP20的制药巨头。金融危机之下,外资药企缩减了研发投入,靠既有产品回笼利润。祸不单行的是,药明康德在2008年1月时收购了美国艾普科技实验室。一进一出之间,压力巨大,李革不得不大幅削减国内成本。最难的时候,2010年,药明康德计划作价16亿美元,卖给美国查尔斯河实验室。然而,买方的三大股东认为这笔收购将引发投资风险,最终未能成交。但李革有他的幸运:中国在全球金融危机中迅速复苏,并驶入了快车道。科学家纷纷回国,各路资本也开始涌入中国。有了先进技术和雄厚资本,国内生物医药产业一触即发。从当下叱咤风云的一批创新药企的创立时间,就能感受到当年的风潮:百济神州创立于2010年;君实生物创立于2012年;信达生物成立于2011年;华领医药成立于2011年;康方生物创立于2012年……药明康德抓住了这一波机会,迅速把重心从外企转到国内,自此甩脱了卖身的命运。04疯狂的估值体系今年夏天,上海阿姨商太太接到一个特别的电话。家底殷实的她接过很多理财产品推销,这次却不太一样。电话挂断后,一份“xx生物科技有限公司商业计划书”就发到了这位上海阿姨的微信上。计划书显示,xx生物创始团队星光熠熠,包括曾经的纳斯达克公司联合创始人、曾经的赛诺菲首席科学家、曾经的药明康德研发总监、耶鲁大学教授……研究领域是一个叫“Nrf2”的靶点。阿姨和你我一样,都不知道Nrf2是什么,但计划书里说了,这个靶点与阿尔茨海默病、帕金森、脑卒中、多元性硬化症等联系紧密,该公司有望全面攻克这些老年病。接到电话时,这家公司成立刚半年,计划书里估值已1亿元。“现在对外开放最多15%的股份,也就是1500万元,每份100万元,先到先得,太太您要抓紧啊!”对只有“一个半人”的创新药企而言,要想实现资本价值,药明康德等CRO公司已成为不可或缺的一环。对资本市场的投资者来说,这些创新药品无疑是陌生的;对监管部门来说,这些瞄准世界医疗难题的品种也是陌生的;对于擅长财务分析的专业投资机构,这样的公司更是陌生的——根本就没有利润和现金流。为了更像那么回事,这些创新药企一般都会背靠一个强大的初创团队,基本都是在外资药企有多年经验的老将。他们具体是否从事过相关药物开发、是否握有自主知识产权的品种,无人真正在意。CRO公司就这样批量制造着“创新药企”,不再满足于实验室流水线挣取的那点开发费用,而是一种利润更高的“流水线”模式:研发、包装、上市、分钱,再包装一个、上市、分钱……在药明康德财报中,公开投资标的只有5个:爱康国宾、锦欣生殖、华领医药、Genensis公司、天演药业。值得注意的是,2015年,药明康德牵头成立了一个医药投资基金:WuXi Healthcare Ventures II L.P.,并吸纳了誉衡药业、罗欣药业等作为合伙人,大笔投资与自我业务紧密关联的创新型生物医药企业。以港股上市的基石药业为例,药明康德实控的这家投资基金就是基石的最大股东,占股28.47%。这家基金在更多小微生物医药企业中的占股比例则无法统计。药明康德2019年年报显示,WuXi Healthcare Ventures II L.P.为药明康德实现投资收益1.12亿元,在药明康德全年净利润中贡献了6%的占比。也就是说,想要实现更多的投资收益,需要这些小微创新药企不断获得融资、最终上市。故事又回到了一开始——比起艰深的生物医药知识,手握热钱的投资人更能看懂的是“创新”二字,和“创新”产品的数量。现实是,对小微企业来说,仅靠自身研发能力,要想实现多靶点、多个治疗领域的同时突破,没几家初创企业有这个实力。或者说,即使有了CRO公司的助力,也很难在短时间获得突破。但只要换个小目标,如果只是对外营造出“雄厚研发实力”的感觉,则是CRO公司的强项。曾几何时,药品研发团队是苹果公司,而CRO公司是只挣开发费的“制药界富士康”。如今,CRO派了自家员工进驻到苹果,共同设计当下最炙手可热的苹果芯片,最终,一同欢欢喜喜扎进苹果股票满满的分红池里。有生物医药企业人士向健识局感慨,在美国,对未上市的生物医药企业进行估值,参考的是其进入三期临床的品种。因为只有到这个阶段,才有较高可能性最终上市、实现收益。“而在中国,大批研发管线中‘临床前’的药物也都能给估值,十分混乱。” 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03:19","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"国内又一电商平台倒下,负债23亿申请破产,阿里曾是最大股东","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2101850676","media":"腾讯新闻","summary":"中国是世界上电商行业最发达的国家,阿里、京东和拼多多是国内三大电商平台的巨头。国内著名的农村电商平台易网购也没有摆脱失败的命运,15年心血最终毁于一旦,创始人携款跑路,今负债23亿元申请破产。直到2020年10月,媒体再次曝光,易果生鲜已经负债累累,其负债金额可达23亿,已经申请破产。自此,国内第一大农产品电商平台轰然倒下,成也阿里,败也阿里。","content":"<html><body><article><p>中国是世界上电商行业最发达的国家,阿里、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/JD\">京东</a>和<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PDD\">拼多多</a>是国内三大电商平台的巨头。阿里和京东已经形成了一整套完整的服务和物流体系,而拼多多作为后起之秀发展势头也十分迅猛,在短短5年的时间里迅速超越京东,跻身中国电商行业第二的位置,超越阿里指日可待。</p><p>当阿里和京东一直在追求上游用户的时候,拼多多则将目标定位为下游用户,通过社交购物方式吸引了无数的农村用户,通过低价、实用的特点吸引了无数的低收入群体,拼多多这样操作当时还没有被京东和阿里看在眼里,如今拼多多的用户数量已经达到了7.3亿,已经超越京东直逼阿里而去。</p><p>国内的电商行业几乎被京东和阿里所垄断,想要在其中分得一杯羹简直如虎口夺食那样艰难,拼多多的强势崛起也让京东和阿里充满了无穷无尽的压力。长期以来,国内的电商行业一直竞争十分激烈,几乎时刻都有电商平台倒下,能在竞争如此激烈的环境中成长下来,并取得了如此优异的成绩,拼多多当属第一个。</p><p>物竞天择,适者生存。电商行业的发展就像生物进化论一样,只有能够适应新的环境,才能生存下去。国内著名的农村电商平台易网购也没有摆脱失败的命运,15年心血最终毁于一旦,创始人携款跑路,今<span>负债</span>23亿元申请破产。</p><p>易果生鲜的发展</p><p>易网购诞生于2005年,是国内第一家的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/000061\">农产品</a>电商平台,依靠着强大的技术团队和无数投资者青睐,一举成为国内家喻户晓的品牌,它就是易果生鲜。依靠着上海这座城市的优越的地理位置,易果生鲜为60万高端用户提供了生鲜食材,之后逐渐扩大向全国300多个城市和地区,涵盖了3000多种生鲜食材,这也表明生鲜产品存在着巨大的市场。</p><p>随着规模的不断扩张,易果生鲜的用户数量也在不断上涨,直到2016年其用户已经突破了2000万,生鲜品类已经超过了4000种,并且已经走出国门走向了全球23个国家和地区。</p><p>成也阿里,败也阿里</p><p>易果生鲜的疯狂增长,也引起了资本的关注,2013年,阿里率先向易果生鲜抛出了橄榄枝,对其投资了数千万美元;在2014年的B轮融资中,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BABA\">阿里巴巴</a>也再次参与;在2016年易果生鲜的C轮融资中,阿里再次豪掷2亿美元;随后在2017年,天猫也向其投资了3亿美元,在一切高光的加持下,易果生鲜的发展一路绿灯。</p><p>俗话说,背靠大树好乘凉。易果生鲜有了阿里这个强大的后盾之后简直如鱼得水,流量和订单双丰收,甚至阿里直接将天猫超市生鲜的运营权交给了易果生鲜,这简直是天上掉馅饼的好事情。</p><p>在强大的资本注入下,阿里也顺理成章的成为了易果生鲜的第一大的股东,其工商数据显示,阿里系持有35.2%的股份,易果生鲜的市值也一路飙升到了200亿,入围2017年度全球独角兽榜单。</p><p>易果生鲜的崛起像是在做梦,同样衰败也十分突然。因2018年双11期间没有完成阿里交给的“任务”,导致了阿里对其直接放弃,随后阿里则是打造了自己的生鲜品牌——盒马鲜生,易果生鲜就此失宠,从此一蹶不振。</p><p>失去了阿里的扶持,易果生鲜就像一个孩子处处碰壁,流量和订单双双跌入谷底,直到2019年,易果生鲜开始大面积裁员,公司几近破产。直到2020年10月,媒体再次曝光,易果生鲜已经负债累累,其负债金额可达23亿,已经申请破产。</p><p>自此,国内第一大农产品电商平台轰然倒下,成也阿里,败也阿里。如果没有阿里的参与和扶持,也许易果生鲜不会有如此的规模,也不会倒闭如此之快。</p><p>对于此事你怎么看?你认为是阿里的错还是易果生鲜本身存在管理上的错误。</p></article></body></html>","source":"tencent","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>国内又一电商平台倒下,负债23亿申请破产,阿里曾是最大股东</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ 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href=http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20210107032850798a67e1&s=b><strong>腾讯新闻</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>中国是世界上电商行业最发达的国家,阿里、京东和拼多多是国内三大电商平台的巨头。阿里和京东已经形成了一整套完整的服务和物流体系,而拼多多作为后起之秀发展势头也十分迅猛,在短短5年的时间里迅速超越京东,跻身中国电商行业第二的位置,超越阿里指日可待。当阿里和京东一直在追求上游用户的时候,拼多多则将目标定位为下游用户,通过社交购物方式吸引了无数的农村用户,通过低价、实用的特点吸引了无数的低收入群体,拼多多...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20210107032850798a67e1&s=b\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e7204a2029d9e0bbd0cfca057bd4457e","relate_stocks":{"QNETCN":"纳斯达克中美互联网老虎指数","09618":"京东集团-SW","09988":"阿里巴巴-W","JD":"京东","BABA":"阿里巴巴","PDD":"拼多多"},"source_url":"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20210107032850798a67e1&s=b","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/9a95c1376e76363c1401fee7d3717173","article_id":"2101850676","content_text":"中国是世界上电商行业最发达的国家,阿里、京东和拼多多是国内三大电商平台的巨头。阿里和京东已经形成了一整套完整的服务和物流体系,而拼多多作为后起之秀发展势头也十分迅猛,在短短5年的时间里迅速超越京东,跻身中国电商行业第二的位置,超越阿里指日可待。当阿里和京东一直在追求上游用户的时候,拼多多则将目标定位为下游用户,通过社交购物方式吸引了无数的农村用户,通过低价、实用的特点吸引了无数的低收入群体,拼多多这样操作当时还没有被京东和阿里看在眼里,如今拼多多的用户数量已经达到了7.3亿,已经超越京东直逼阿里而去。国内的电商行业几乎被京东和阿里所垄断,想要在其中分得一杯羹简直如虎口夺食那样艰难,拼多多的强势崛起也让京东和阿里充满了无穷无尽的压力。长期以来,国内的电商行业一直竞争十分激烈,几乎时刻都有电商平台倒下,能在竞争如此激烈的环境中成长下来,并取得了如此优异的成绩,拼多多当属第一个。物竞天择,适者生存。电商行业的发展就像生物进化论一样,只有能够适应新的环境,才能生存下去。国内著名的农村电商平台易网购也没有摆脱失败的命运,15年心血最终毁于一旦,创始人携款跑路,今负债23亿元申请破产。易果生鲜的发展易网购诞生于2005年,是国内第一家的农产品电商平台,依靠着强大的技术团队和无数投资者青睐,一举成为国内家喻户晓的品牌,它就是易果生鲜。依靠着上海这座城市的优越的地理位置,易果生鲜为60万高端用户提供了生鲜食材,之后逐渐扩大向全国300多个城市和地区,涵盖了3000多种生鲜食材,这也表明生鲜产品存在着巨大的市场。随着规模的不断扩张,易果生鲜的用户数量也在不断上涨,直到2016年其用户已经突破了2000万,生鲜品类已经超过了4000种,并且已经走出国门走向了全球23个国家和地区。成也阿里,败也阿里易果生鲜的疯狂增长,也引起了资本的关注,2013年,阿里率先向易果生鲜抛出了橄榄枝,对其投资了数千万美元;在2014年的B轮融资中,阿里巴巴也再次参与;在2016年易果生鲜的C轮融资中,阿里再次豪掷2亿美元;随后在2017年,天猫也向其投资了3亿美元,在一切高光的加持下,易果生鲜的发展一路绿灯。俗话说,背靠大树好乘凉。易果生鲜有了阿里这个强大的后盾之后简直如鱼得水,流量和订单双丰收,甚至阿里直接将天猫超市生鲜的运营权交给了易果生鲜,这简直是天上掉馅饼的好事情。在强大的资本注入下,阿里也顺理成章的成为了易果生鲜的第一大的股东,其工商数据显示,阿里系持有35.2%的股份,易果生鲜的市值也一路飙升到了200亿,入围2017年度全球独角兽榜单。易果生鲜的崛起像是在做梦,同样衰败也十分突然。因2018年双11期间没有完成阿里交给的“任务”,导致了阿里对其直接放弃,随后阿里则是打造了自己的生鲜品牌——盒马鲜生,易果生鲜就此失宠,从此一蹶不振。失去了阿里的扶持,易果生鲜就像一个孩子处处碰壁,流量和订单双双跌入谷底,直到2019年,易果生鲜开始大面积裁员,公司几近破产。直到2020年10月,媒体再次曝光,易果生鲜已经负债累累,其负债金额可达23亿,已经申请破产。自此,国内第一大农产品电商平台轰然倒下,成也阿里,败也阿里。如果没有阿里的参与和扶持,也许易果生鲜不会有如此的规模,也不会倒闭如此之快。对于此事你怎么看?你认为是阿里的错还是易果生鲜本身存在管理上的错误。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1555,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":308099354,"gmtCreate":1603787338978,"gmtModify":1703830713741,"author":{"id":"3493034514506522","authorId":"3493034514506522","name":"Wxj","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4c234b2f9593ad75421fa31fd7f3106f","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3493034514506522","authorIdStr":"3493034514506522"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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