james duan的个人主页 - 老虎社区

james duan

james duan

饭后点了一支烟，一半是我抽的，一半是风抽的，越想越气，风凭什么抽我的烟，于是我开始抽风……

IP属地：湖北

74关注

359粉丝

3主题

0勋章

2025-12-15

$博通(AVGO)$ 拨通会不会暴跌啊

2025-12-15

$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 这么玩要把大盘玩崩了啊

2025-12-02

$美国超微公司(AMD)$ 卖房梭哈兄弟们

2025-11-29

$谷歌(GOOG)$ 我发现tiger ai永远都说风险和恐慌从来没有说过利好的词语

2025-11-28

我也这么认为拉里埃里森世界顶尖的选手他会不知道这场ai有没有泡沫

2025-11-28

$美国超微公司(AMD)$ 我恨你

2025-11-25

$美国超微公司(AMD)$ 打骨折了快买吧卖房梭哈

2025-11-25

打打嘴炮可以别把自己骗了

2025-11-25

雷不纯做做样子而已还没到他心里价位

2025-11-24

这人疯了

不信英伟达(NVDA.US)财报！“大空头”继续炮轰：AI巨头延长GPU折旧以虚增盈利真实终端需求少得可笑

2025-11-21

$可口可乐(KO)$ 价值股这么牛逼

2025-11-21

$美国超微公司(AMD)$ 牛逼牛逼牛逼 6666666

2025-11-21

$英伟达(NVDA)$ 日你大爷

2025-11-21

好好好去做空吧

英伟达财报后走势“诡异”，6100亿美元“AI庞氏骗局”崩盘？

2025-11-21

$美国超微公司(AMD)$ 顶不住了兄弟们

2025-11-20

$美国超微公司(AMD)$ 卖房梭哈啊兄弟们冲他妈的

2025-11-20

$小米集团-W(01810)$ 这么多人胆大的抄底小米

2025-11-20

$NQ100指数主连 2512(NQmain)$ 为什么总是半夜我睡着了就暴涨尼玛的

2025-11-19

$谷歌(GOOG)$ 你们追了吗

2025-11-18

$谷歌(GOOG)$ 还是得google他妈的接入cloudflare都挂了

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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVDA\">英伟达</a>(NVDA.US)上周交出了一份通常会让市场感到兴奋的业绩——其第三季度营收、利润以及对下一季度的展望均显著高于市场预期，该公司首席执行官黄仁勋也发声驳斥“AI泡沫论”。不过，正当投资者庆祝围绕AI交易的这场动荡稍事喘息之际，《大空头》原型人物、Scion资产管理公司创始人迈克尔·伯里再度对英伟达和AI泡沫进行抨击。</p><p>迈克尔·伯里在社交平台上以其标志性的直率表达了对英伟达第三季度业绩的质疑，并指出，英伟达最狂热的支持者完全忽视了那些迟早会暴露的会计与经济现实。他反驳英伟达关于GPU使用寿命延长证明更长折旧期合理的说法，指出将利用率与价值创造混为一谈最终会虚增盈利。他写道：“仅仅因为某样东西被使用了，并不意味着它是有利可图的。”他举了一个例子，航空公司保留旧飞机，以提高假日季节的运力，但它们“利润微薄”，“根本不值钱”。</p><p>迈克尔·伯里还警告称，AI的真实终端用户需求远低于各大科技公司所报告的规模。他发布了一张显示<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/MSFT\">微软</a>、OpenAI、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/ORCL\">甲骨文</a>和英伟达等主要科技巨头之间AI投资协议的图片，并指责其中几家公司存在“可疑的收入确认”行为，暗示他们报告的增长可能并未反映真正的市场需求。他认为，“真实的终端需求少得可笑”，“几乎所有客户的资金都来自经销商”，并声称许多推动AI增长的客户本身就由向他们销售AI技术的公司资助——描绘了一个自我强化的循环，而非可持续的普及应用。</p><p><strong>“大空头”仍在坚持看空</strong></p><p>这位广为人知的对冲基金经理，因精准预言2008年美国次贷危机、并利用信用违约掉期大举做空次级抵押贷款债券而成为市场传奇。这笔押注为他本人带来了近1亿美元收益，为其投资者赚取了7亿至7.25亿美元。在业内，迈克尔·伯里以极度逆向投资而闻名，他能够忍受巨大的回撤，并在数年之后取得胜利。</p><p>在经历了长达数年的淡出公众视野后，迈克尔·伯里于今年11月重新回到公众视野。他此前多次警告称，美股科技估值存在由AI驱动的泡沫。他披露了对英伟达和<a 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href=\"http://www.zhitongcaijing.com/content/detail/1372612.html\">网页链接</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://img.zhitongcaijing.com/image/20251124/20251124122746_26916.png?x-oss-process=image/format,jpg/quality,Q_80/resize,w_250","relate_stocks":{"NVDA":"英伟达"},"source_url":"http://www.zhitongcaijing.com/content/detail/1372612.html","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/6ca2dcdccfa2217fb20a0351f4efe814","article_id":"2585599453","content_text":"智通财经APP获悉，英伟达(NVDA.US)上周交出了一份通常会让市场感到兴奋的业绩——其第三季度营收、利润以及对下一季度的展望均显著高于市场预期，该公司首席执行官黄仁勋也发声驳斥“AI泡沫论”。不过，正当投资者庆祝围绕AI交易的这场动荡稍事喘息之际，《大空头》原型人物、Scion资产管理公司创始人迈克尔·伯里再度对英伟达和AI泡沫进行抨击。迈克尔·伯里在社交平台上以其标志性的直率表达了对英伟达第三季度业绩的质疑，并指出，英伟达最狂热的支持者完全忽视了那些迟早会暴露的会计与经济现实。他反驳英伟达关于GPU使用寿命延长证明更长折旧期合理的说法，指出将利用率与价值创造混为一谈最终会虚增盈利。他写道：“仅仅因为某样东西被使用了，并不意味着它是有利可图的。”他举了一个例子，航空公司保留旧飞机，以提高假日季节的运力，但它们“利润微薄”，“根本不值钱”。迈克尔·伯里还警告称，AI的真实终端用户需求远低于各大科技公司所报告的规模。他发布了一张显示微软、OpenAI、甲骨文和英伟达等主要科技巨头之间AI投资协议的图片，并指责其中几家公司存在“可疑的收入确认”行为，暗示他们报告的增长可能并未反映真正的市场需求。他认为，“真实的终端需求少得可笑”，“几乎所有客户的资金都来自经销商”，并声称许多推动AI增长的客户本身就由向他们销售AI技术的公司资助——描绘了一个自我强化的循环，而非可持续的普及应用。“大空头”仍在坚持看空这位广为人知的对冲基金经理，因精准预言2008年美国次贷危机、并利用信用违约掉期大举做空次级抵押贷款债券而成为市场传奇。这笔押注为他本人带来了近1亿美元收益，为其投资者赚取了7亿至7.25亿美元。在业内，迈克尔·伯里以极度逆向投资而闻名，他能够忍受巨大的回撤，并在数年之后取得胜利。在经历了长达数年的淡出公众视野后，迈克尔·伯里于今年11月重新回到公众视野。他此前多次警告称，美股科技估值存在由AI驱动的泡沫。他披露了对英伟达和Palantir(PLTR.US)的空头头寸，同时指责主要的AI支出方对其数据中心资产的折旧情况进行了不实陈述。值得一提的是，就在近日，迈克尔·伯里突然宣布基金“清盘”，他旗下管理的Scion资产管理公司已从美国证券交易委员会(SEC)撤销注册。外界猜测，伯里可能计划将Scion转为家族办公室，这种顾问类型无需在SEC注册。他当时表示：“我对于证券价值的判断与市场行情并不一致，这种情况已经持续了一段时间了。”","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"NVDA":1.5}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":623,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":502626726949592,"gmtCreate":1763739680913,"gmtModify":1763741082874,"author":{"id":"3440897161812160","authorId":"3440897161812160","name":"james 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12:02","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"英伟达财报后走势“诡异”，6100亿美元“AI庞氏骗局”崩盘？","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2585195463","media":"格隆汇APP","summary":"英伟达未结账款达334亿美元，一年内激增89%。","content":"<html><head></head><body><p>金融市场独立研究员佩雷拉(Shanaka Anslem Perera)发文称，昨日，一场史无前例的剧变发生。 <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVDA\">英伟达</a> 股价在财报发布后飙升5%，却在18小时内暴跌至负值区间。<strong>华尔街算法捕捉到了人类未能察觉的异常：账面数据存在严重矛盾。</strong></p><p>周五，英伟达夜盘股价短线“跳水”，截至发稿由涨转跌。</p><p></p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2b5f8ac56f4b709a46cfddf48cf18809\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"1161\" tg-height=\"429\"/></p><p><strong>具体发现如下：</strong></p><p><strong>英伟达披露未结账款达334亿美元，一年内激增89%。购买芯片的客户尚未付款，平均付款周期从46天延长至53天。这额外的一周意味着104亿美元可能永远无法收回。</strong>与此同时，英伟达库存积压芯片达198亿美元，三个月内增长32%。但管理层声称需求疯狂而供应受限。两者不可能同时成立。要么客户不愿购买，要么他们空手下单。现金流揭示了真相。英伟达实际产生145亿美元现金，却报告193亿美元利润。两者相差48亿美元。台积电和AMD等健康芯片企业能将95%以上利润转化为现金，英伟达仅能转化75%。这已达危机级别。</p><p>更令人发指的是：英伟达向xAI注资20亿美元，xAI却借贷125亿美元采购英伟达芯片；微软向OpenAI投入130亿美元，OpenAI承诺斥资500亿美元购买微软云服务；微软为该云平台订购价值1000亿美元的英伟达芯片；甲骨文向OpenAI提供3000亿美元云服务额度，OpenAI则为甲骨文数据中心订购英伟达芯片。同一笔资金在不同公司间循环往复，被多次计入营收。英伟达记账销售额，却无人真正付款。账单日益陈旧，库存不断堆积，现金流始终缺席。</p><p>上周AI公司CEO们已亲口承认。爱彼迎CEO称之为“氛围营收”。OpenAI每年烧掉93亿美元却仅赚37亿美元，年亏损达56亿美元。1570亿美元的估值需要3.1万亿美元的未来利润支撑，而麻省理工学院研究表明95%的人工智能项目永远无法实现这种盈利。<br/>硅谷风投教父彼得·蒂尔于11月9日抛售价值1亿美元的英伟达股票。软银集团11月11日抛售58亿美元持股。“大空头”迈克尔·伯里买入看跌期权，押注英伟达股价将在2026年3月前跌至140美元。</p><p>与人工智能投机密切相关的比特币，已从10月的12.6万美元跌至今日的89,567美元，跌幅达29%。人工智能初创企业持有价值268亿美元的比特币作为贷款抵押品。当英伟达股价再跌40%时，这些贷款将违约，迫使抛售230亿美元比特币，导致加密货币崩盘至5.2万美元。</p><p>时间线已然明朗：2026年2月，英伟达公布财报揭露逾期账款规模；2026年3月，评级机构下调信用评级；2026年4月，首次财务重述。这场耗时18个月构筑的骗局，在90天内土崩瓦解。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fd5f597ba02e9edfaeba010a07aa50e2\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"1248\" tg-height=\"441\"/></p></body></html>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>英伟达财报后走势“诡异”，6100亿美元“AI庞氏骗局”崩盘？</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n英伟达财报后走势“诡异”，6100亿美元“AI庞氏骗局”崩盘？\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/11\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/d06797dbcc3b4b9e839c351ca5a14e4d);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">格隆汇APP </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2025-11-21 12:02</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<html><head></head><body><p>金融市场独立研究员佩雷拉(Shanaka Anslem Perera)发文称，昨日，一场史无前例的剧变发生。 <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVDA\">英伟达</a> 股价在财报发布后飙升5%，却在18小时内暴跌至负值区间。<strong>华尔街算法捕捉到了人类未能察觉的异常：账面数据存在严重矛盾。</strong></p><p>周五，英伟达夜盘股价短线“跳水”，截至发稿由涨转跌。</p><p></p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2b5f8ac56f4b709a46cfddf48cf18809\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"1161\" tg-height=\"429\"/></p><p><strong>具体发现如下：</strong></p><p><strong>英伟达披露未结账款达334亿美元，一年内激增89%。购买芯片的客户尚未付款，平均付款周期从46天延长至53天。这额外的一周意味着104亿美元可能永远无法收回。</strong>与此同时，英伟达库存积压芯片达198亿美元，三个月内增长32%。但管理层声称需求疯狂而供应受限。两者不可能同时成立。要么客户不愿购买，要么他们空手下单。现金流揭示了真相。英伟达实际产生145亿美元现金，却报告193亿美元利润。两者相差48亿美元。台积电和AMD等健康芯片企业能将95%以上利润转化为现金，英伟达仅能转化75%。这已达危机级别。</p><p>更令人发指的是：英伟达向xAI注资20亿美元，xAI却借贷125亿美元采购英伟达芯片；微软向OpenAI投入130亿美元，OpenAI承诺斥资500亿美元购买微软云服务；微软为该云平台订购价值1000亿美元的英伟达芯片；甲骨文向OpenAI提供3000亿美元云服务额度，OpenAI则为甲骨文数据中心订购英伟达芯片。同一笔资金在不同公司间循环往复，被多次计入营收。英伟达记账销售额，却无人真正付款。账单日益陈旧，库存不断堆积，现金流始终缺席。</p><p>上周AI公司CEO们已亲口承认。爱彼迎CEO称之为“氛围营收”。OpenAI每年烧掉93亿美元却仅赚37亿美元，年亏损达56亿美元。1570亿美元的估值需要3.1万亿美元的未来利润支撑，而麻省理工学院研究表明95%的人工智能项目永远无法实现这种盈利。<br/>硅谷风投教父彼得·蒂尔于11月9日抛售价值1亿美元的英伟达股票。软银集团11月11日抛售58亿美元持股。“大空头”迈克尔·伯里买入看跌期权，押注英伟达股价将在2026年3月前跌至140美元。</p><p>与人工智能投机密切相关的比特币，已从10月的12.6万美元跌至今日的89,567美元，跌幅达29%。人工智能初创企业持有价值268亿美元的比特币作为贷款抵押品。当英伟达股价再跌40%时，这些贷款将违约，迫使抛售230亿美元比特币，导致加密货币崩盘至5.2万美元。</p><p>时间线已然明朗：2026年2月，英伟达公布财报揭露逾期账款规模；2026年3月，评级机构下调信用评级；2026年4月，首次财务重述。这场耗时18个月构筑的骗局，在90天内土崩瓦解。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fd5f597ba02e9edfaeba010a07aa50e2\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"1248\" tg-height=\"441\"/></p></body></html>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7308276753c5ff6ceaac8e2cceebffd3","relate_stocks":{"NVDA":"英伟达"},"source_url":"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20251121120511a4b0a566&s=b","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2585195463","content_text":"金融市场独立研究员佩雷拉(Shanaka Anslem Perera)发文称，昨日，一场史无前例的剧变发生。 英伟达 股价在财报发布后飙升5%，却在18小时内暴跌至负值区间。华尔街算法捕捉到了人类未能察觉的异常：账面数据存在严重矛盾。周五，英伟达夜盘股价短线“跳水”，截至发稿由涨转跌。具体发现如下：英伟达披露未结账款达334亿美元，一年内激增89%。购买芯片的客户尚未付款，平均付款周期从46天延长至53天。这额外的一周意味着104亿美元可能永远无法收回。与此同时，英伟达库存积压芯片达198亿美元，三个月内增长32%。但管理层声称需求疯狂而供应受限。两者不可能同时成立。要么客户不愿购买，要么他们空手下单。现金流揭示了真相。英伟达实际产生145亿美元现金，却报告193亿美元利润。两者相差48亿美元。台积电和AMD等健康芯片企业能将95%以上利润转化为现金，英伟达仅能转化75%。这已达危机级别。更令人发指的是：英伟达向xAI注资20亿美元，xAI却借贷125亿美元采购英伟达芯片；微软向OpenAI投入130亿美元，OpenAI承诺斥资500亿美元购买微软云服务；微软为该云平台订购价值1000亿美元的英伟达芯片；甲骨文向OpenAI提供3000亿美元云服务额度，OpenAI则为甲骨文数据中心订购英伟达芯片。同一笔资金在不同公司间循环往复，被多次计入营收。英伟达记账销售额，却无人真正付款。账单日益陈旧，库存不断堆积，现金流始终缺席。上周AI公司CEO们已亲口承认。爱彼迎CEO称之为“氛围营收”。OpenAI每年烧掉93亿美元却仅赚37亿美元，年亏损达56亿美元。1570亿美元的估值需要3.1万亿美元的未来利润支撑，而麻省理工学院研究表明95%的人工智能项目永远无法实现这种盈利。硅谷风投教父彼得·蒂尔于11月9日抛售价值1亿美元的英伟达股票。软银集团11月11日抛售58亿美元持股。“大空头”迈克尔·伯里买入看跌期权，押注英伟达股价将在2026年3月前跌至140美元。与人工智能投机密切相关的比特币，已从10月的12.6万美元跌至今日的89,567美元，跌幅达29%。人工智能初创企业持有价值268亿美元的比特币作为贷款抵押品。当英伟达股价再跌40%时，这些贷款将违约，迫使抛售230亿美元比特币，导致加密货币崩盘至5.2万美元。时间线已然明朗：2026年2月，英伟达公布财报揭露逾期账款规模；2026年3月，评级机构下调信用评级；2026年4月，首次财务重述。这场耗时18个月构筑的骗局，在90天内土崩瓦解。","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"NVDA":2}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":530,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":502374139957968,"gmtCreate":1763668388626,"gmtModify":1763668390563,"author":{"id":"3440897161812160","authorId":"3440897161812160","name":"james 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准备上车，冲鸭","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":11,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/442222","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":877,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[{"author":{"id":"3513087949430675","authorId":"3513087949430675","name":"今川弘彦","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/25b66c27453255b5ad1f354a0dbad257","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"authorIdStr":"3513087949430675","idStr":"3513087949430675"},"content":"小心高开低走，开盘15分钟不交易","text":"小心高开低走，开盘15分钟不交易","html":"小心高开低走，开盘15分钟不交易"}],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":277481289134392,"gmtCreate":1708773698423,"gmtModify":1708773700309,"author":{"id":"3440897161812160","authorId":"3440897161812160","name":"james 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start;\">　　如果大模型是淘金热，英伟达就是卖铲人。科技巨头、创业公司、中东土豪，把大把的钱送给英伟达，换成AI芯片去开发大模型。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　大模型是不是金矿不重要，手里有没有铲子很重要。作为底层算力的提供方，英伟达从大模型军备竞赛中获益。众人哄抢，造成“一铲难求”，英伟达被推上神坛。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　2024年以来，英伟达的股价上涨超过60%，而在2023年它已经涨了两倍多。它的市值先后超过亚马逊、谷歌，达到接近2万亿美金，成为美股第三、全球第四大公司。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/726ba3bedbd2200293f17a9251c5b8ce\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"550\" tg-height=\"377\"/></p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　现在，英伟达已经正式取代特斯拉，成为美股成交量最大的公司。它一个晚上的成交额能超过600亿美金，是特斯拉的3倍多。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　整个AI圈几乎要被英伟达“绑架”了。英伟达的股价一直涨，推动AI狂欢继续；只要它的业绩继续超预期，就证明AI不完全是泡沫。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　因此，英伟达的四季度财报，就具有了分水岭的意义。它要么终结这一波AI狂欢，美股掉头向下，要么继续推波助澜，再创新高。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达财报公布前一天，股价提前下跌4.35%，出现今年年内最大单日跌幅；财报公布当天，股价再跌2.85%。然而，财报正式发布后，由于业绩大超预期，股价大涨超过16%，一个晚上市值增加2770亿美元，创美股史上最高单日市值增幅。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达汇集了人们对AI的信仰。但一个“卖铲子”的公司，真的值2万亿美金吗？是谁在爆炒英伟达？</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　<strong>一张卡，两波浪潮</strong></p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　现在人们一提起英伟达，必然提到AI。其实英伟达最早的故事，跟AI没有任何关系，它是从一张卡开始的。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　PC时代，大部分高端PC都会配备CPU和GPU。CPU即中央处理器，GPU是图形处理器，前者由几个高效的计算核心组成，擅长通用计算，后者拥有上千颗小计算单元，适合大规模并行计算，尤其擅长图形和视频。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　所谓“计算机”，首先得有计算能力，这两块芯片就是给电脑提供算力的，属于底层硬件。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达做的是GPU，其实就是电脑显示芯片，或者说游戏显卡。过去很多年里，英伟达超过一半的收入都来自游戏业务。可以说，打游戏的人养活了这家公司。这是一门看起来相对传统的生意。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　意外的是，GPU并行计算的特点，非常适合AI计算。2012年深度卷积神经网络（CNN）被发明后，深度学习进入新阶段。训练神经网络需要庞大的计算资源，而GPU的性能和效率远超过CPU。所有“鸡蛋”都在GPU这一个篮子里的英伟达，踩上了AI时代的浪潮。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　第一波浪潮发生在2016年，起因是谷歌的AlphaGo战胜了韩国围棋高手李世石。一大批公司进军人工智能，加大深度学习研究。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达讲了三个故事——游戏、AI计算、自动驾驶。第一个故事是老本行，负责赚钱，后两个故事描绘前景，拉升股价。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　当时，云厂商纷纷在自己的云平台部署英伟达GPU，以增强计算能力。美国的几个科技巨头，以及中国的BAT，都成为英伟达的客户。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　那会儿还涌现出一大批自动驾驶公司，它们被视为人工智能技术的重要落地场景。英伟达和百度、大众、Uber等达成合作，还投资了自动驾驶公司景驰、图森科技，以推销自己的GPU。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　2017年，英伟达成为全球最大的独立GPU厂商，占据70%的市场份额。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　这个故事足够吸引人。从2015年到2017年，英伟达的收入只增长了50%，但股价涨了8倍。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　巧的是，区块链又给这个故事添了一把火。2017年，比特币、以太坊等加密货币价格暴涨，引发“挖矿潮”。“挖矿”就是通过高速计算来获取加密货币，需要用到显卡，显卡越多，挖矿速度越快，赚钱越快。于是，很多人四处购买英伟达GPU，一度被买断货。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　加密货币助推英伟达股价大涨。到了2018年10月，英伟达股价超过290美元。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　第二波浪潮发生在2022年，触发点是OpenAI发布ChatGPT。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　这一次可以视为人工智能的复兴，因为AI行业过去画的几个大饼——自动驾驶、元宇宙，都是一地鸡毛。英伟达讲的几个故事，也都是草草结尾。在ChatGPT于2022年10月底诞生之前，英伟达的股价跌到了108美元。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　接下来的故事很多人知道了。AI创业卷土重来，生成式AI成为风口，大模型打头阵。随后，英伟达的股价在一年多时间里涨了6倍。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　这两波浪潮有很多共同点，比如：催化剂都是AI，算力资源被疯抢，科技圈很狂热，英伟达最先受益。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　<strong>卖铲子的先赚到金子</strong></p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　相比第一波浪潮，这一波有几个新特点。首先，几乎所有科技巨头都相信，必须训练自己的大模型，为此可以不计成本投入。另外，英伟达真正从中赚到了钱。这是支撑英伟达股价大涨的前提。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　八年前英伟达卖了很多卡，但最后实际用于AI计算的不多，它的营收支柱还是游戏业务。这从财报中可见一斑。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达的收入来自五大板块——游戏、数据中心、专业视觉、汽车、OEM。其中最核心的是游戏和数据中心，AI计算相关的收入都归入数据中心。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　2017年，游戏业务收入55亿美元，数据中心19亿美元，二者占比分别为57%、20%。那会儿英伟达也对外讲AI计算的故事，但风口还不够大。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　也是从那一年开始，英伟达从传统电脑向人工智能转型，数据中心的收入占比逐年提高。而转型的效果直到五年后才彻底体现，一直等到ChatGPT问世。2022年，英伟达数据中心收入150亿美元，占比56%，首次超过游戏业务。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　这是一个重要的转折点。人们开始相信，这一波AI浪潮很真实，因为英伟达的客户们已经用真金白银投票。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　生成式AI被很多人认为是十年一遇甚至百年一遇的大风口，英伟达的GPU又是训练大模型必不可少的硬件。在硅谷，英伟达的A100和H100是“硬通货”，有钱还不一定买得到。有一家创业公司融资23亿美金，给投资机构的抵押物，正是其拥有的英伟达GPU。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　Meta CEO扎克伯格在今年1月对外说，Meta正在构建大规模的算力基础设施，要在2024年底集成35万张英伟达H100显卡，如果算上其他芯片，则共有近60万个H100的等效计算量。外界估算，Meta购买这些芯片的价格至少达90亿美元。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　国内的科技圈，也以拥有GPU的数量，来评估一家公司开发大模型的实力。腾讯、百度、字节跳动、阿里等巨头，过去几年都囤积了数亿美元价值的英伟达GPU。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　先不说这些卡能训练出多少实用的大模型产品，至少钱先让英伟达赚到了。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达的收入，大约有一半来自消费互联网公司，另一半来自云厂商。全球市值排行榜前列的大型科技公司，基本都为英伟达“充值”了。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　2023年的四个季度，英伟达数据中心的收入一直在创新高。质变发生在二季度，数据中心收入103亿美元，增速高达171%，远超市场预期。此前，这项收入一直只有三四十亿美元。这让英伟达赚取了62亿美元净利润，相当于过去五个季度的总和。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　三季度，数据中心的收入增速更是高达279%，四季度飙升至409%。整个2023年，数据中心为英伟达贡献了474亿美元的收入，是游戏业务的4.5倍，其占总收入的比例上涨至78%，而总收入则增至609亿美元。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3996feb9fea2ced95f39adbbc364e33f\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"550\" tg-height=\"373\"/></p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　更夸张的是盈利能力。2023年，利润率更高的H100畅销，给英伟达带来巨额利润。公开信息显示，一颗H100售价高达3万美元，其成本不到5000美元。2023年英伟达净利润达到298亿美元，超过之前六年的总和，其毛利率为72.7%，净利率高达48.9%，远超同行。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cec7340be5e1726a33b602499bac7f35\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"550\" tg-height=\"358\"/></p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　只能说，科技公司们为了拼大模型，是真敢花钱。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　这个时候，我们可以认为，英伟达已经成为一家正宗的AI计算公司。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　投资人投的是未来，看中预期。英伟达的神话能否继续，未来的业绩预估很关键。英伟达给出的指引是：2025财年第一季度收入240亿美元，同比增长234%，超市场预期的218亿美元；毛利率76.3%，也超市场预期的75.1%，再创新高。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　有人相信AI可以点石成金，也有人认为AI催生了泡沫。对于英伟达而言，这些都不重要。它就像一个军火商，只要军备竞赛继续，它就有利可图。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　问题是，军备竞赛能一直打下去吗？</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　<strong>　淘金热结束之后</strong></p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　相信英伟达的人，与其说是看好这家公司，倒不如说是看好生成式AI。如果生成式AI最终只是个泡沫，那英伟达的高估值必然坍塌。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　以史为鉴。第一波AI浪潮也曾让很多人疯狂。然而，那波热潮产生的泡沫，直到今天都还没消化完——曾经被资本追捧的AI芯片、自动驾驶，没几个公司赚到钱。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达曾被高估。2018年的加密货币“挖矿潮”中，英伟达的股价创下历史新高，3年翻了13倍。然而随后加密货币泡沫破灭，英伟达的股价在三个月内腰斩。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　2022年4月，英伟达的股价站上289美元的高点后，在随后的一年多时间里又跌去了三分之二。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达还是那个英伟达，但市场情绪瞬息万变，它容易被泡沫推着走。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　有人拿英伟达跟思科类比，2000年互联网泡沫，冲在前面的是思科路由器。它对外讲的也是互联网硬件的故事，一度占据网络路由器超过80%的市场份额。投资者看好互联网的前景，进而看好思科。这跟今天的英伟达非常相似。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　投资人的推断逻辑是：每一轮科技变革，往往都从硬件开始。20多年前是思科，10年前是苹果，今天是英伟达。所以英伟达值得被高估。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　1999年初，思科的市值占到整个美股的2.5%。即便如此，随后一年它的股价又涨了两倍，成为美股市值最高的公司。今天，即便英伟达已经是美股第四大公司，还是有人押注它的股价将涨到1300美元。这样的话，它的市值将达到3.4万亿美元，超越微软和苹果，排名美股第一。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　两家公司的路径太相似了。不过，2001年互联网泡沫破灭，思科的股价跌去三分之二，至今再未达到当年高点。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　有人做了一张对比图，将思科从1996年到2002年的股价走势，与英伟达2020年至今的走势叠加在一起，发现有很大重合。</p><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/994d4aac91a37001f543f0dea0dd190f\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" tg-width=\"550\" tg-height=\"606\"/></p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　归根到底，英伟达的业绩和股价，完全建立人们对AI时代的信仰上。只要这个信仰不灭，英伟达的神话就能继续，否则全都是泡沫。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　华尔街明星基金经理“木头姐”说，AI热潮并非泡沫，但市场期待过高，英伟达涨过头了。此前她已经抛售了英伟达股票。另一位投资人认为，英伟达的股价透支了未来十年的业绩表现。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　在备受关注的四季度财报发布之后，CEO黄仁勋对外传递信号，继续强调加速计算和生成式AI，声称AI时代的临界点已经到来。“全球各地的企业、行业和国家需求都在激增。”</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　挑战也显而易见。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达的大客户们，一方面继续向英伟达采购GPU，同时也在加速开发替代品。巨头们不会让英伟达独享这一巨大市场。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　最新消息是，微软正在研发一款新的网卡产品，以提高其AI芯片Maia的性能，最终达到减少对英伟达产品依赖的目的。OpenAI创始人奥特曼正在四处奔走，接触各路投资人，以研发自己的AI芯片。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达的老对手AMD、英特尔，更是步步紧逼，相继推出直接对标英伟达H100的产品。今年，它们的产品将迎来更新，加速瓜分英伟达的客户。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　英伟达一统江湖的格局，或许不会持续太久。</p><p style=\"text-align: start;\">　　当然，在格局重塑之前，英伟达还会再飞一会。美股的AI狂欢，目前没有降温的迹象。当人们是在为“市梦率”买单，支撑英伟达超越微软、苹果的，就只有信仰了。</p></body></html>","source":"lsy1690343385125","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" 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height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n一个“卖铲子”的英伟达，真值2万亿美金吗？是谁在爆炒？\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2024-02-23 18:04 北京时间&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/internet/2024-02-23/doc-inaiyrrw5123513.shtml><strong>定焦</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>作者 | 黎明　　如果大模型是淘金热，英伟达就是卖铲人。科技巨头、创业公司、中东土豪，把大把的钱送给英伟达，换成AI芯片去开发大模型。　　大模型是不是金矿不重要，手里有没有铲子很重要。作为底层算力的提供方，英伟达从大模型军备竞赛中获益。众人哄抢，造成“一铲难求”，英伟达被推上神坛。　　2024年以来，英伟达的股价上涨超过60%，而在2023年它已经涨了两倍多。它的市值先后超过亚马逊、谷歌，达到接近...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/internet/2024-02-23/doc-inaiyrrw5123513.shtml\">网页链接</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7b8db4b0e3e8dc0281ba058cc5847232","relate_stocks":{"NVDA":"英伟达"},"source_url":"https://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/internet/2024-02-23/doc-inaiyrrw5123513.shtml","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1174033153","content_text":"作者 | 黎明　　如果大模型是淘金热，英伟达就是卖铲人。科技巨头、创业公司、中东土豪，把大把的钱送给英伟达，换成AI芯片去开发大模型。　　大模型是不是金矿不重要，手里有没有铲子很重要。作为底层算力的提供方，英伟达从大模型军备竞赛中获益。众人哄抢，造成“一铲难求”，英伟达被推上神坛。　　2024年以来，英伟达的股价上涨超过60%，而在2023年它已经涨了两倍多。它的市值先后超过亚马逊、谷歌，达到接近2万亿美金，成为美股第三、全球第四大公司。　　现在，英伟达已经正式取代特斯拉，成为美股成交量最大的公司。它一个晚上的成交额能超过600亿美金，是特斯拉的3倍多。　　整个AI圈几乎要被英伟达“绑架”了。英伟达的股价一直涨，推动AI狂欢继续；只要它的业绩继续超预期，就证明AI不完全是泡沫。　　因此，英伟达的四季度财报，就具有了分水岭的意义。它要么终结这一波AI狂欢，美股掉头向下，要么继续推波助澜，再创新高。　　英伟达财报公布前一天，股价提前下跌4.35%，出现今年年内最大单日跌幅；财报公布当天，股价再跌2.85%。然而，财报正式发布后，由于业绩大超预期，股价大涨超过16%，一个晚上市值增加2770亿美元，创美股史上最高单日市值增幅。　　英伟达汇集了人们对AI的信仰。但一个“卖铲子”的公司，真的值2万亿美金吗？是谁在爆炒英伟达？　　一张卡，两波浪潮　　现在人们一提起英伟达，必然提到AI。其实英伟达最早的故事，跟AI没有任何关系，它是从一张卡开始的。　　PC时代，大部分高端PC都会配备CPU和GPU。CPU即中央处理器，GPU是图形处理器，前者由几个高效的计算核心组成，擅长通用计算，后者拥有上千颗小计算单元，适合大规模并行计算，尤其擅长图形和视频。　　所谓“计算机”，首先得有计算能力，这两块芯片就是给电脑提供算力的，属于底层硬件。　　英伟达做的是GPU，其实就是电脑显示芯片，或者说游戏显卡。过去很多年里，英伟达超过一半的收入都来自游戏业务。可以说，打游戏的人养活了这家公司。这是一门看起来相对传统的生意。　　意外的是，GPU并行计算的特点，非常适合AI计算。2012年深度卷积神经网络（CNN）被发明后，深度学习进入新阶段。训练神经网络需要庞大的计算资源，而GPU的性能和效率远超过CPU。所有“鸡蛋”都在GPU这一个篮子里的英伟达，踩上了AI时代的浪潮。　　第一波浪潮发生在2016年，起因是谷歌的AlphaGo战胜了韩国围棋高手李世石。一大批公司进军人工智能，加大深度学习研究。　　英伟达讲了三个故事——游戏、AI计算、自动驾驶。第一个故事是老本行，负责赚钱，后两个故事描绘前景，拉升股价。　　当时，云厂商纷纷在自己的云平台部署英伟达GPU，以增强计算能力。美国的几个科技巨头，以及中国的BAT，都成为英伟达的客户。　　那会儿还涌现出一大批自动驾驶公司，它们被视为人工智能技术的重要落地场景。英伟达和百度、大众、Uber等达成合作，还投资了自动驾驶公司景驰、图森科技，以推销自己的GPU。　　2017年，英伟达成为全球最大的独立GPU厂商，占据70%的市场份额。　　这个故事足够吸引人。从2015年到2017年，英伟达的收入只增长了50%，但股价涨了8倍。　　巧的是，区块链又给这个故事添了一把火。2017年，比特币、以太坊等加密货币价格暴涨，引发“挖矿潮”。“挖矿”就是通过高速计算来获取加密货币，需要用到显卡，显卡越多，挖矿速度越快，赚钱越快。于是，很多人四处购买英伟达GPU，一度被买断货。　　加密货币助推英伟达股价大涨。到了2018年10月，英伟达股价超过290美元。　　第二波浪潮发生在2022年，触发点是OpenAI发布ChatGPT。　　这一次可以视为人工智能的复兴，因为AI行业过去画的几个大饼——自动驾驶、元宇宙，都是一地鸡毛。英伟达讲的几个故事，也都是草草结尾。在ChatGPT于2022年10月底诞生之前，英伟达的股价跌到了108美元。　　接下来的故事很多人知道了。AI创业卷土重来，生成式AI成为风口，大模型打头阵。随后，英伟达的股价在一年多时间里涨了6倍。　　这两波浪潮有很多共同点，比如：催化剂都是AI，算力资源被疯抢，科技圈很狂热，英伟达最先受益。　　卖铲子的先赚到金子　　相比第一波浪潮，这一波有几个新特点。首先，几乎所有科技巨头都相信，必须训练自己的大模型，为此可以不计成本投入。另外，英伟达真正从中赚到了钱。这是支撑英伟达股价大涨的前提。　　八年前英伟达卖了很多卡，但最后实际用于AI计算的不多，它的营收支柱还是游戏业务。这从财报中可见一斑。　　英伟达的收入来自五大板块——游戏、数据中心、专业视觉、汽车、OEM。其中最核心的是游戏和数据中心，AI计算相关的收入都归入数据中心。　　2017年，游戏业务收入55亿美元，数据中心19亿美元，二者占比分别为57%、20%。那会儿英伟达也对外讲AI计算的故事，但风口还不够大。　　也是从那一年开始，英伟达从传统电脑向人工智能转型，数据中心的收入占比逐年提高。而转型的效果直到五年后才彻底体现，一直等到ChatGPT问世。2022年，英伟达数据中心收入150亿美元，占比56%，首次超过游戏业务。　　这是一个重要的转折点。人们开始相信，这一波AI浪潮很真实，因为英伟达的客户们已经用真金白银投票。　　生成式AI被很多人认为是十年一遇甚至百年一遇的大风口，英伟达的GPU又是训练大模型必不可少的硬件。在硅谷，英伟达的A100和H100是“硬通货”，有钱还不一定买得到。有一家创业公司融资23亿美金，给投资机构的抵押物，正是其拥有的英伟达GPU。　　Meta CEO扎克伯格在今年1月对外说，Meta正在构建大规模的算力基础设施，要在2024年底集成35万张英伟达H100显卡，如果算上其他芯片，则共有近60万个H100的等效计算量。外界估算，Meta购买这些芯片的价格至少达90亿美元。　　国内的科技圈，也以拥有GPU的数量，来评估一家公司开发大模型的实力。腾讯、百度、字节跳动、阿里等巨头，过去几年都囤积了数亿美元价值的英伟达GPU。　　先不说这些卡能训练出多少实用的大模型产品，至少钱先让英伟达赚到了。　　英伟达的收入，大约有一半来自消费互联网公司，另一半来自云厂商。全球市值排行榜前列的大型科技公司，基本都为英伟达“充值”了。　　2023年的四个季度，英伟达数据中心的收入一直在创新高。质变发生在二季度，数据中心收入103亿美元，增速高达171%，远超市场预期。此前，这项收入一直只有三四十亿美元。这让英伟达赚取了62亿美元净利润，相当于过去五个季度的总和。　　三季度，数据中心的收入增速更是高达279%，四季度飙升至409%。整个2023年，数据中心为英伟达贡献了474亿美元的收入，是游戏业务的4.5倍，其占总收入的比例上涨至78%，而总收入则增至609亿美元。　　更夸张的是盈利能力。2023年，利润率更高的H100畅销，给英伟达带来巨额利润。公开信息显示，一颗H100售价高达3万美元，其成本不到5000美元。2023年英伟达净利润达到298亿美元，超过之前六年的总和，其毛利率为72.7%，净利率高达48.9%，远超同行。　　只能说，科技公司们为了拼大模型，是真敢花钱。　　这个时候，我们可以认为，英伟达已经成为一家正宗的AI计算公司。　　投资人投的是未来，看中预期。英伟达的神话能否继续，未来的业绩预估很关键。英伟达给出的指引是：2025财年第一季度收入240亿美元，同比增长234%，超市场预期的218亿美元；毛利率76.3%，也超市场预期的75.1%，再创新高。　　有人相信AI可以点石成金，也有人认为AI催生了泡沫。对于英伟达而言，这些都不重要。它就像一个军火商，只要军备竞赛继续，它就有利可图。　　问题是，军备竞赛能一直打下去吗？　　淘金热结束之后　　相信英伟达的人，与其说是看好这家公司，倒不如说是看好生成式AI。如果生成式AI最终只是个泡沫，那英伟达的高估值必然坍塌。　　以史为鉴。第一波AI浪潮也曾让很多人疯狂。然而，那波热潮产生的泡沫，直到今天都还没消化完——曾经被资本追捧的AI芯片、自动驾驶，没几个公司赚到钱。　　英伟达曾被高估。2018年的加密货币“挖矿潮”中，英伟达的股价创下历史新高，3年翻了13倍。然而随后加密货币泡沫破灭，英伟达的股价在三个月内腰斩。　　2022年4月，英伟达的股价站上289美元的高点后，在随后的一年多时间里又跌去了三分之二。　　英伟达还是那个英伟达，但市场情绪瞬息万变，它容易被泡沫推着走。　　有人拿英伟达跟思科类比，2000年互联网泡沫，冲在前面的是思科路由器。它对外讲的也是互联网硬件的故事，一度占据网络路由器超过80%的市场份额。投资者看好互联网的前景，进而看好思科。这跟今天的英伟达非常相似。　　投资人的推断逻辑是：每一轮科技变革，往往都从硬件开始。20多年前是思科，10年前是苹果，今天是英伟达。所以英伟达值得被高估。　　1999年初，思科的市值占到整个美股的2.5%。即便如此，随后一年它的股价又涨了两倍，成为美股市值最高的公司。今天，即便英伟达已经是美股第四大公司，还是有人押注它的股价将涨到1300美元。这样的话，它的市值将达到3.4万亿美元，超越微软和苹果，排名美股第一。　　两家公司的路径太相似了。不过，2001年互联网泡沫破灭，思科的股价跌去三分之二，至今再未达到当年高点。　　有人做了一张对比图，将思科从1996年到2002年的股价走势，与英伟达2020年至今的走势叠加在一起，发现有很大重合。　　归根到底，英伟达的业绩和股价，完全建立人们对AI时代的信仰上。只要这个信仰不灭，英伟达的神话就能继续，否则全都是泡沫。　　华尔街明星基金经理“木头姐”说，AI热潮并非泡沫，但市场期待过高，英伟达涨过头了。此前她已经抛售了英伟达股票。另一位投资人认为，英伟达的股价透支了未来十年的业绩表现。　　在备受关注的四季度财报发布之后，CEO黄仁勋对外传递信号，继续强调加速计算和生成式AI，声称AI时代的临界点已经到来。“全球各地的企业、行业和国家需求都在激增。”　　挑战也显而易见。　　英伟达的大客户们，一方面继续向英伟达采购GPU，同时也在加速开发替代品。巨头们不会让英伟达独享这一巨大市场。　　最新消息是，微软正在研发一款新的网卡产品，以提高其AI芯片Maia的性能，最终达到减少对英伟达产品依赖的目的。OpenAI创始人奥特曼正在四处奔走，接触各路投资人，以研发自己的AI芯片。　　英伟达的老对手AMD、英特尔，更是步步紧逼，相继推出直接对标英伟达H100的产品。今年，它们的产品将迎来更新，加速瓜分英伟达的客户。　　英伟达一统江湖的格局，或许不会持续太久。　　当然，在格局重塑之前，英伟达还会再飞一会。美股的AI狂欢，目前没有降温的迹象。当人们是在为“市梦率”买单，支撑英伟达超越微软、苹果的，就只有信仰了。","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"NVDA":1.1}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1727,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":334307237,"gmtCreate":1610699833429,"gmtModify":1703746350378,"author":{"id":"3440897161812160","authorId":"3440897161812160","name":"james 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