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如来脚掌
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如来脚掌
2023-09-05
$理想汽车(LI)$
这是哪个啥币在抛啊
如来脚掌
2023-08-03
$美国超导(AMSC)$
哈哈哈,让我来嘲笑下小丑🤡
如来脚掌
2022-12-06
佣金平台费这么贵???
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
如来脚掌
2022-11-10
$DiDi Global Inc.(DIDIY)$
跟国家作对,能有好果子吃吗
如来脚掌
2022-05-23
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
springboot哥说850买,现在650了,我梭了!
如来脚掌
2022-05-19
不能合股么?
优信:计划从现在到11月14日之间监测公司收盘价
如来脚掌
2022-04-27
早就该这么搞了,不知道大厂法务部门之前都是干啥吃的
网易云音乐宣布就不正当竞争行为起诉腾讯音乐
如来脚掌
2022-04-11
这也能成功发行?哪些冤大头在买呀?
知乎-W今起招股,入场费约5232.21港元
如来脚掌
2022-04-02
为啥要发公告?又不是上市公司
华为分红614亿,超13万员工受益,人均近47万
如来脚掌
2022-03-30
$趣店(QD)$
趣店预制菜一看就是打水漂的玩意儿,没前途
如来脚掌
2022-03-29
互联网公司的研发其实应该换一个名字,叫「开发与维护」更贴切,因为确实跟研究不沾边
扑朔迷离的“财技”!别被“研发投入”骗了
如来脚掌
2022-03-24
$水滴(WDH)$
2021年水滴筹总共筹了有480亿善款,如果能收3.6%的手续费,那水滴公司就发啦
如来脚掌
2022-03-23
$水滴(WDH)$
求问大家这个财报首年保费169亿是什么概念?这些钱不算水滴的营收吗?
如来脚掌
2022-03-14
$腾讯控股(00700)$
抄段永平和芒格的底!
如来脚掌
2022-03-12
基于129%的年增长率。。。巴菲特哭了
抱歉,原内容已删除
如来脚掌
2022-03-08
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
跌回两年前的价位了[喷血]
如来脚掌
2022-03-08
$特斯拉(TSLA)$
炒股三年多,最大的收获就是认识到自己是一颗韭菜[心碎]
如来脚掌
2022-03-08
$fuboTV Inc.(FUBO)$
可以抄大队长和柳下惠的底了吗
如来脚掌
2022-03-07
$美团-W(03690)$
抄底了兄弟们!
如来脚掌
2022-03-03
$Sea Ltd(SE)$
有虾皮的同学吗?大家说说是止损还是继续持有?
去老虎APP查看更多动态
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哈哈哈,让我来嘲笑下小丑🤡","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/204771701743800","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1394,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":629137687,"gmtCreate":1670328605949,"gmtModify":1670328607921,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"佣金平台费这么贵???<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">$特斯拉(TSLA)$ </a>","listText":"佣金平台费这么贵???<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">$特斯拉(TSLA)$ 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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/UXIN\">优信</a>:收到纳斯达克的通知函,计划从现在到11月14日之间监测公司ADS的收盘价,将采取一切合理的措施重新符合纳斯达克的要求。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f1eb48b20ad711a946d6a979aad8927d\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p></body></html>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7ade1733a461c9483048e104ccc2d044","relate_stocks":{"UXIN":"优信"},"source_url":"","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1153511060","content_text":"优信:收到纳斯达克的通知函,计划从现在到11月14日之间监测公司ADS的收盘价,将采取一切合理的措施重新符合纳斯达克的要求。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2051,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":618652670,"gmtCreate":1651027064905,"gmtModify":1651028317363,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"早就该这么搞了,不知道大厂法务部门之前都是干啥吃的","listText":"早就该这么搞了,不知道大厂法务部门之前都是干啥吃的","text":"早就该这么搞了,不知道大厂法务部门之前都是干啥吃的","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/618652670","repostId":"1193416748","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1193416748","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1651025424,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1193416748?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-04-27 10:10","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"网易云音乐宣布就不正当竞争行为起诉腾讯音乐","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1193416748","media":"新浪科技","summary":"起诉腾讯音乐通过非法盗播歌曲、批量化冒名洗歌等一系列措施实行不正当竞争的行为。","content":"<html><head></head><body><p>4月27日上午消息,网易<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/09899\">云音乐</a>发布《网易云音乐关于起诉<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TME\">腾讯音乐</a>不正当竞争的声明》,宣布就<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00700\">腾讯</a>音乐不正当竞争行为正式提起司法诉讼程序,起诉腾讯音乐通过非法盗播歌曲、批量化冒名洗歌等一系列措施实行不正当竞争的行为。</p><p>网易云音乐声明称:腾讯音乐娱乐集团(含QQ音乐、酷我音乐、酷狗音乐、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QC7.SI\">全民</a>K歌等产品)通过非法盗播偷放无授权歌曲、批量化冒名洗歌、跟随式抄袭我方产品创新、逃避甚至对抗监管等方式侵犯我方著作权,并构成不正当竞争行为。</p><p><b> 以下为声明全文:</b></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5919288ce1d7162eadec78f91230c3de\" tg-width=\"630\" tg-height=\"12039\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p></body></html>","source":"sina_tech","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>网易云音乐宣布就不正当竞争行为起诉腾讯音乐</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n网易云音乐宣布就不正当竞争行为起诉腾讯音乐\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2022-04-27 10:10 北京时间 <a href=https://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/2022-04-27/doc-imcwiwst4268023.shtml><strong>新浪科技</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>4月27日上午消息,网易云音乐发布《网易云音乐关于起诉腾讯音乐不正当竞争的声明》,宣布就腾讯音乐不正当竞争行为正式提起司法诉讼程序,起诉腾讯音乐通过非法盗播歌曲、批量化冒名洗歌等一系列措施实行不正当竞争的行为。网易云音乐声明称:腾讯音乐娱乐集团(含QQ音乐、酷我音乐、酷狗音乐、全民K歌等产品)通过非法盗播偷放无授权歌曲、批量化冒名洗歌、跟随式抄袭我方产品创新、逃避甚至对抗监管等方式侵犯我方著作权,...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/2022-04-27/doc-imcwiwst4268023.shtml\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e81a3b8abe6a26dda217a54b8d0619f4","relate_stocks":{"00700":"腾讯控股","09899":"网易云音乐","NTES":"网易","TME":"腾讯音乐"},"source_url":"https://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/2022-04-27/doc-imcwiwst4268023.shtml","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1193416748","content_text":"4月27日上午消息,网易云音乐发布《网易云音乐关于起诉腾讯音乐不正当竞争的声明》,宣布就腾讯音乐不正当竞争行为正式提起司法诉讼程序,起诉腾讯音乐通过非法盗播歌曲、批量化冒名洗歌等一系列措施实行不正当竞争的行为。网易云音乐声明称:腾讯音乐娱乐集团(含QQ音乐、酷我音乐、酷狗音乐、全民K歌等产品)通过非法盗播偷放无授权歌曲、批量化冒名洗歌、跟随式抄袭我方产品创新、逃避甚至对抗监管等方式侵犯我方著作权,并构成不正当竞争行为。 以下为声明全文:","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1738,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":613043532,"gmtCreate":1649640810436,"gmtModify":1649640810436,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"这也能成功发行?哪些冤大头在买呀?","listText":"这也能成功发行?哪些冤大头在买呀?","text":"这也能成功发行?哪些冤大头在买呀?","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/613043532","repostId":"1105696070","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1105696070","kind":"news","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"为用户提供金融资讯、行情、数据,旨在帮助投资者理解世界,做投资决策。","home_visible":1,"media_name":"老虎资讯综合","id":"102","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba"},"pubTimestamp":1649631794,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1105696070?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-04-11 07:03","market":"other","language":"zh","title":"知乎-W今起招股,入场费约5232.21港元","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1105696070","media":"老虎资讯综合","summary":"4月11日,知乎-W发布公告,公司拟全球发售2600万股股份,其中香港发售股份260万股,国际发售股份2340万股,另有15%超额配股权;2022年4月11日至4月14日招股,预期定价日为4月14日;","content":"<html><head></head><body><p>4月11日,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/02390\">知乎-W</a>发布公告,公司拟全球发售2600万股股份,其中香港发售股份260万股,国际发售股份2340万股,另有15%超额配股权;2022年4月11日至4月14日招股,预期定价日为4月14日;公开发售价将不超过每股发售股份51.80港元,每手买卖单位100股,入场费约5232港元;瑞信、摩根大通、中金公司及招银国际为联席保荐人;预期股份将于2022年4月22日于联交所主板挂牌上市。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d73a7595993d9a67c78ca97e558f69bc\" tg-width=\"875\" tg-height=\"683\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>申购阶梯:</b></p><p>每手100股,入场费5232.21港元。</p><p>乙组门槛为10万股,申购所需资金约5232206.63港元。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ed1099ab08b8b243eca72ba9e48a3945\" tg-width=\"885\" tg-height=\"609\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>知乎是一个领先的在线内容社区,人们来到这里寻找解决方案、作出决定、寻求灵感并获得乐趣。根据灼识咨询的资料,以2019年、2020年及2021年的平均移动端月活跃用户和收入计,知乎是中国前五大的综合在线内容社区之一,更是全国最大的在线问答社区。</p><p>用户可在知乎上探索和欣赏能够开阔眼界,提供方案,引发共鸣的内容,知乎称之为“有获得感的内容”,范围之广可以从日常的生活选择,如挑选电视或手机、令人心旷神怡的度假胜地、益智图书或综艺节目等,到深奥的知识内容或独特体验,如了解天宫太空站或到访2022年冬季奥运会场地等,甚至是更重大的抉择,如选定学府、优质的备考课程、职业选择、维系关系或孕期待产等。知乎全方位的综合内容吸引了越来越多用户群和内容创作者到知乎来分享知识、经验和见解。</p><p>知乎为领先的在线内容社区。2021年第四季度,知乎的平均移动端月活跃用户达9960万人,平均每月浏览人次达5亿,平均每月用户互动达3.9亿次。截至2021年12月31日,知乎的累计内容创作者达5500万人,累计贡献4.2亿条问答内容,涵盖超过1000种垂直领域。知乎的收入由2019年的人民币6.705亿元增加至2020年的人民币14亿元,并进一步增至2021年的人民币30亿元(4.644亿美元),自2019年以来的复合年增长率为110.1%。</p><p>自2010年知乎上线以来,知乎一直致力于扩展知乎提供的内容和服务,来满足用户、内容创作者和商业合作伙伴们的多样化需求。知乎在发展过程中确立了以内容为中心的业务模式,并将其不断发展演化。知乎已从一个问答社区发展成为中国最大的综合在线内容社区之一。根据灼识咨询的资料,知乎是首批推出付费会员模式,并为商家及品牌推出内容商业化解决方案的行业参与者之一。知乎会继续依托以内容为中心的业务模式,推出新的盈利模式,如职业培训和电子商务等相关的服务。然而,知乎认为集团目前仍处于盈利的早期阶段,对于拓展盈利渠道方面仍有显著的增长空间。</p></body></html>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>知乎-W今起招股,入场费约5232.21港元</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n知乎-W今起招股,入场费约5232.21港元\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/102\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">老虎资讯综合 </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2022-04-11 07:03</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<html><head></head><body><p>4月11日,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/02390\">知乎-W</a>发布公告,公司拟全球发售2600万股股份,其中香港发售股份260万股,国际发售股份2340万股,另有15%超额配股权;2022年4月11日至4月14日招股,预期定价日为4月14日;公开发售价将不超过每股发售股份51.80港元,每手买卖单位100股,入场费约5232港元;瑞信、摩根大通、中金公司及招银国际为联席保荐人;预期股份将于2022年4月22日于联交所主板挂牌上市。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d73a7595993d9a67c78ca97e558f69bc\" tg-width=\"875\" tg-height=\"683\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>申购阶梯:</b></p><p>每手100股,入场费5232.21港元。</p><p>乙组门槛为10万股,申购所需资金约5232206.63港元。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ed1099ab08b8b243eca72ba9e48a3945\" tg-width=\"885\" tg-height=\"609\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>知乎是一个领先的在线内容社区,人们来到这里寻找解决方案、作出决定、寻求灵感并获得乐趣。根据灼识咨询的资料,以2019年、2020年及2021年的平均移动端月活跃用户和收入计,知乎是中国前五大的综合在线内容社区之一,更是全国最大的在线问答社区。</p><p>用户可在知乎上探索和欣赏能够开阔眼界,提供方案,引发共鸣的内容,知乎称之为“有获得感的内容”,范围之广可以从日常的生活选择,如挑选电视或手机、令人心旷神怡的度假胜地、益智图书或综艺节目等,到深奥的知识内容或独特体验,如了解天宫太空站或到访2022年冬季奥运会场地等,甚至是更重大的抉择,如选定学府、优质的备考课程、职业选择、维系关系或孕期待产等。知乎全方位的综合内容吸引了越来越多用户群和内容创作者到知乎来分享知识、经验和见解。</p><p>知乎为领先的在线内容社区。2021年第四季度,知乎的平均移动端月活跃用户达9960万人,平均每月浏览人次达5亿,平均每月用户互动达3.9亿次。截至2021年12月31日,知乎的累计内容创作者达5500万人,累计贡献4.2亿条问答内容,涵盖超过1000种垂直领域。知乎的收入由2019年的人民币6.705亿元增加至2020年的人民币14亿元,并进一步增至2021年的人民币30亿元(4.644亿美元),自2019年以来的复合年增长率为110.1%。</p><p>自2010年知乎上线以来,知乎一直致力于扩展知乎提供的内容和服务,来满足用户、内容创作者和商业合作伙伴们的多样化需求。知乎在发展过程中确立了以内容为中心的业务模式,并将其不断发展演化。知乎已从一个问答社区发展成为中国最大的综合在线内容社区之一。根据灼识咨询的资料,知乎是首批推出付费会员模式,并为商家及品牌推出内容商业化解决方案的行业参与者之一。知乎会继续依托以内容为中心的业务模式,推出新的盈利模式,如职业培训和电子商务等相关的服务。然而,知乎认为集团目前仍处于盈利的早期阶段,对于拓展盈利渠道方面仍有显著的增长空间。</p></body></html>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6b69e234a63c2c0a69ccede7b0faaa18","relate_stocks":{"02390":"知乎-W","ZH":"知乎"},"source_url":"","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1105696070","content_text":"4月11日,知乎-W发布公告,公司拟全球发售2600万股股份,其中香港发售股份260万股,国际发售股份2340万股,另有15%超额配股权;2022年4月11日至4月14日招股,预期定价日为4月14日;公开发售价将不超过每股发售股份51.80港元,每手买卖单位100股,入场费约5232港元;瑞信、摩根大通、中金公司及招银国际为联席保荐人;预期股份将于2022年4月22日于联交所主板挂牌上市。申购阶梯:每手100股,入场费5232.21港元。乙组门槛为10万股,申购所需资金约5232206.63港元。知乎是一个领先的在线内容社区,人们来到这里寻找解决方案、作出决定、寻求灵感并获得乐趣。根据灼识咨询的资料,以2019年、2020年及2021年的平均移动端月活跃用户和收入计,知乎是中国前五大的综合在线内容社区之一,更是全国最大的在线问答社区。用户可在知乎上探索和欣赏能够开阔眼界,提供方案,引发共鸣的内容,知乎称之为“有获得感的内容”,范围之广可以从日常的生活选择,如挑选电视或手机、令人心旷神怡的度假胜地、益智图书或综艺节目等,到深奥的知识内容或独特体验,如了解天宫太空站或到访2022年冬季奥运会场地等,甚至是更重大的抉择,如选定学府、优质的备考课程、职业选择、维系关系或孕期待产等。知乎全方位的综合内容吸引了越来越多用户群和内容创作者到知乎来分享知识、经验和见解。知乎为领先的在线内容社区。2021年第四季度,知乎的平均移动端月活跃用户达9960万人,平均每月浏览人次达5亿,平均每月用户互动达3.9亿次。截至2021年12月31日,知乎的累计内容创作者达5500万人,累计贡献4.2亿条问答内容,涵盖超过1000种垂直领域。知乎的收入由2019年的人民币6.705亿元增加至2020年的人民币14亿元,并进一步增至2021年的人民币30亿元(4.644亿美元),自2019年以来的复合年增长率为110.1%。自2010年知乎上线以来,知乎一直致力于扩展知乎提供的内容和服务,来满足用户、内容创作者和商业合作伙伴们的多样化需求。知乎在发展过程中确立了以内容为中心的业务模式,并将其不断发展演化。知乎已从一个问答社区发展成为中国最大的综合在线内容社区之一。根据灼识咨询的资料,知乎是首批推出付费会员模式,并为商家及品牌推出内容商业化解决方案的行业参与者之一。知乎会继续依托以内容为中心的业务模式,推出新的盈利模式,如职业培训和电子商务等相关的服务。然而,知乎认为集团目前仍处于盈利的早期阶段,对于拓展盈利渠道方面仍有显著的增长空间。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2600,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":619995253,"gmtCreate":1648873302798,"gmtModify":1648873302798,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"为啥要发公告?又不是上市公司","listText":"为啥要发公告?又不是上市公司","text":"为啥要发公告?又不是上市公司","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/619995253","repostId":"1141502459","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1141502459","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1648870527,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1141502459?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-04-02 11:35","market":"sh","language":"zh","title":"华为分红614亿,超13万员工受益,人均近47万","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1141502459","media":"证券时报e公司","summary":"华为员工持股比例高达67.4%。","content":"<html><head></head><body><p>4月2日,华为2021年度股东分红方案正式出炉,总分红614亿元,惠及华为超13万名员工,华为员工持股比例高达67.4%。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e9eb334a673806f5d69940170b1e7192\" tg-width=\"550\" tg-height=\"274\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>上述分红方案与此前华为预计的基本一致,为1.58元/股,证券时报·e公司记者对比发现,华为2021年度分红方案相较其2020年的每股1.86元/股略下滑15%,但2021年度华为净利润同比大增75.9%。</p><p><b>华为拟分红614亿元</b></p><p>4月2日,华为投资控股有限公司在上海清算所网站披露公告称,经公司内部有权机构决议,拟向股东分配股利人民币614亿元。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/63db99ecb0fe319f5476721706d6def5\" tg-width=\"550\" tg-height=\"310\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>华为称,上述股利分配系公司正常利润分配,对公司生产经营、财务状况及偿债能力无不利影响。</p><p>华为2021年年报显示,华为投资控股有限公司是100%由员工持有的民营企业,股东为华为投资控股有限公司工会委员会和任正非。公司通过工会实行员工持股计划,员工持股计划参与人数为131507人(截至2021年12月31日),参与人均为公司在职员工或退休保留人员。</p><p>员工持股计划将公司的长远发展和员工的个人贡献及发展有机地结合在一起,形成了长远的共同奋斗、分享机制。</p><p>其中,任正非作为自然人股东持有公司股份,同时,任正非也参与了员工持股计划。截至2021年12月31日,任正非的总出资相当于公司总股本的比例约0.84%。</p><p>这意味着华为超过13万名员工将能够分享到此次华为的年度分红计划中,人均分红近47万元。以华为去年年底19.5万名总员工计算,目前华为员工持股比例67.4%。</p><p>值得一提的是,近三年,任正非持股比例不断降低,华为2020年年度报告显示,截至2020年12月31日,任正非的总出资相当于公司总股本的比例约0.90%。据华为2019年年报,截至2019年12月31日,任正非的总出资相当于公司总股本的比例约1.04%。</p><p>截至2020年12月31日,华为总股本约为347.575亿股。目前,华为暂未披露最新总股本数。</p><p>此前,华为在1月底公布了分红数据,2021年仍然持续实施股票分红,预计每股1.58元。此次正式方案披露后,华为员工向证券时报·e公司记者表示,正式方案与此前披露1.58元每股几无差异。</p><p><b>去年净利润大增分红略下滑</b></p><p>根据华为年报,华为2021年实现营业收入6368亿元,净利润增至1137亿元。其中,净利润同比增长75.9%。</p><p>而从分红情况来看,2020年、2019年、2018年华为每股分红情况分别为1.86元/股、2.11元/股、1.05元/股,2021年华为分红情况略差于2020年。</p><p>据了解,持股分红是华为员工收入的重要组成部分,目前华为员工薪酬主要包括三部分:工资、奖金和分红。</p><p>有华为内部员工表示,在A国极限打压下,有目前的税前分红比例已经不错。但也有员工表示低于预期,但可以理解在当前环境下公司状况。</p><p>华为董事会首席秘书江西生曾表示,华为股权分配计划不是一个利润分享计划,而是一个股权计划。华为由员工持股有助于保持华为公司决策的独立性。</p><p>他还认为,由于华为每一分钱的资本都来自员工,所以这些员工不会允许外部影响来损害员工和公司长远发展的利益。</p><p>但持股员工并非没有风险。公司的发展与员工的收入在一定程度上捆绑,参与投资的员工每年可以参与利润分配;但如果公司出现亏损,股票的价值也会降低,持股员工也要承担相应的减值风险。</p></body></html>","source":"EGS","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>华为分红614亿,超13万员工受益,人均近47万</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; 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}\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n华为分红614亿,超13万员工受益,人均近47万\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2022-04-02 11:35 北京时间 <a href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wtUewbFdkrzA1UqWzLnB-w><strong>证券时报e公司</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>4月2日,华为2021年度股东分红方案正式出炉,总分红614亿元,惠及华为超13万名员工,华为员工持股比例高达67.4%。上述分红方案与此前华为预计的基本一致,为1.58元/股,证券时报·e公司记者对比发现,华为2021年度分红方案相较其2020年的每股1.86元/股略下滑15%,但2021年度华为净利润同比大增75.9%。华为拟分红614亿元4月2日,华为投资控股有限公司在上海清算所网站披露公告...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wtUewbFdkrzA1UqWzLnB-w\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ce88d7c500914d5edde5f4ccbc6959f5","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wtUewbFdkrzA1UqWzLnB-w","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1141502459","content_text":"4月2日,华为2021年度股东分红方案正式出炉,总分红614亿元,惠及华为超13万名员工,华为员工持股比例高达67.4%。上述分红方案与此前华为预计的基本一致,为1.58元/股,证券时报·e公司记者对比发现,华为2021年度分红方案相较其2020年的每股1.86元/股略下滑15%,但2021年度华为净利润同比大增75.9%。华为拟分红614亿元4月2日,华为投资控股有限公司在上海清算所网站披露公告称,经公司内部有权机构决议,拟向股东分配股利人民币614亿元。华为称,上述股利分配系公司正常利润分配,对公司生产经营、财务状况及偿债能力无不利影响。华为2021年年报显示,华为投资控股有限公司是100%由员工持有的民营企业,股东为华为投资控股有限公司工会委员会和任正非。公司通过工会实行员工持股计划,员工持股计划参与人数为131507人(截至2021年12月31日),参与人均为公司在职员工或退休保留人员。员工持股计划将公司的长远发展和员工的个人贡献及发展有机地结合在一起,形成了长远的共同奋斗、分享机制。其中,任正非作为自然人股东持有公司股份,同时,任正非也参与了员工持股计划。截至2021年12月31日,任正非的总出资相当于公司总股本的比例约0.84%。这意味着华为超过13万名员工将能够分享到此次华为的年度分红计划中,人均分红近47万元。以华为去年年底19.5万名总员工计算,目前华为员工持股比例67.4%。值得一提的是,近三年,任正非持股比例不断降低,华为2020年年度报告显示,截至2020年12月31日,任正非的总出资相当于公司总股本的比例约0.90%。据华为2019年年报,截至2019年12月31日,任正非的总出资相当于公司总股本的比例约1.04%。截至2020年12月31日,华为总股本约为347.575亿股。目前,华为暂未披露最新总股本数。此前,华为在1月底公布了分红数据,2021年仍然持续实施股票分红,预计每股1.58元。此次正式方案披露后,华为员工向证券时报·e公司记者表示,正式方案与此前披露1.58元每股几无差异。去年净利润大增分红略下滑根据华为年报,华为2021年实现营业收入6368亿元,净利润增至1137亿元。其中,净利润同比增长75.9%。而从分红情况来看,2020年、2019年、2018年华为每股分红情况分别为1.86元/股、2.11元/股、1.05元/股,2021年华为分红情况略差于2020年。据了解,持股分红是华为员工收入的重要组成部分,目前华为员工薪酬主要包括三部分:工资、奖金和分红。有华为内部员工表示,在A国极限打压下,有目前的税前分红比例已经不错。但也有员工表示低于预期,但可以理解在当前环境下公司状况。华为董事会首席秘书江西生曾表示,华为股权分配计划不是一个利润分享计划,而是一个股权计划。华为由员工持股有助于保持华为公司决策的独立性。他还认为,由于华为每一分钱的资本都来自员工,所以这些员工不会允许外部影响来损害员工和公司长远发展的利益。但持股员工并非没有风险。公司的发展与员工的收入在一定程度上捆绑,参与投资的员工每年可以参与利润分配;但如果公司出现亏损,股票的价值也会降低,持股员工也要承担相应的减值风险。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1967,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":610659682,"gmtCreate":1648612704991,"gmtModify":1648612704991,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QD\">$趣店(QD)$</a>趣店预制菜一看就是打水漂的玩意儿,没前途","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QD\">$趣店(QD)$</a>趣店预制菜一看就是打水漂的玩意儿,没前途","text":"$趣店(QD)$趣店预制菜一看就是打水漂的玩意儿,没前途","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":3,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/610659682","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":3036,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[{"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"content":"估计这些瞎折腾的项目供应链上下游都是跟他有利益关系的,利润都给这些地方转移走,最后退市留给股民一地鸡毛","text":"估计这些瞎折腾的项目供应链上下游都是跟他有利益关系的,利润都给这些地方转移走,最后退市留给股民一地鸡毛","html":"估计这些瞎折腾的项目供应链上下游都是跟他有利益关系的,利润都给这些地方转移走,最后退市留给股民一地鸡毛"}],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":610376330,"gmtCreate":1648537805368,"gmtModify":1648537805368,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"互联网公司的研发其实应该换一个名字,叫「开发与维护」更贴切,因为确实跟研究不沾边","listText":"互联网公司的研发其实应该换一个名字,叫「开发与维护」更贴切,因为确实跟研究不沾边","text":"互联网公司的研发其实应该换一个名字,叫「开发与维护」更贴切,因为确实跟研究不沾边","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/610376330","repostId":"1169143108","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1169143108","kind":"news","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"既有深度,又有响度,研究古典互联网。","home_visible":1,"media_name":"深响","id":"1038713350","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f5b431abf34240f5bf6064f88f02fa9d"},"pubTimestamp":1648525024,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1169143108?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-03-29 11:37","market":"sh","language":"zh","title":"扑朔迷离的“财技”!别被“研发投入”骗了","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1169143108","media":"深响","summary":"科技股的这个财报季用“惨”字形容绝不为过,巨亏的继续巨亏,减速的接着减速。上个季度(Q3)大家心照不宣地确认巨额的投资损失,这个季度(Q4及2021全年)大家又非常有默契地高度强调「研发投入」四个字。","content":"<html><head></head><body><blockquote>科技股的这个财报季用“惨”字形容绝不为过,巨亏的继续巨亏,减速的接着减速。上个季度(Q3)大家心照不宣地确认巨额的投资损失,这个季度(Q4及2021全年)大家又非常有默契地高度强调「研发投入」四个字。</blockquote><p>昨天发布的华为年度报告显示,华为2021年研发投入1427亿元,占全年收入的22.4%,创历史新高。此前发布的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00700\">腾讯</a>财报显示,腾讯2021年研发费用达518.8亿元,同比增长33.1%。而<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">百度</a>2021年研发费用为249亿元(其中不含<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/IQ\">爱奇艺</a>的核心研发投入221亿元),同比增长28%。</p><p>不止是硬核巨头,我们看到非常多的互联网企业20201年都在研发费用上狂热加码:</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NIO\">蔚来</a>45.919亿元,同比增长84.6%;</p><p>* B站28.4亿元,同比增长87.7%;</p><p>* 美团167亿元,同比增长53.1%;</p><p>* 小米132亿元,同比增长42.3%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PDD\">拼多多</a>89.926亿元,同比增长30%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BEKE\">贝壳</a>31.94亿元,同比增长28.89%;</p><p>* 携程90亿元,同比增长17%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BZ\">BOSS直聘</a>8.22亿元,同比增长60.1%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/688111\">金山办公</a>10.82亿元,同比增长52.15%;</p><p>(如果横向比较这些企业的研发费用,你也会有更多有趣的发现,B站研发费用是蔚来的一半,携程的研发费用比拼多多还多?)</p><p>一直以来,<b>无论是“贸工技”与“技工贸”的大讨论,还是应对“卡脖”挑战的种种反思,「研发投入」都被视为观察企业是否具备长远发展眼光的关键,是否坚持“长期主义”的重要指标。</b>再加上当前整个商业进入存量时代、营销套路失灵,产品力、客户第一的背后很大程度也就是研发的积累。「研发投入」四个字可以说是成为了各家企业的口头禅。</p><p>而另一方面,<b>研发投入的多少也正在逐渐成为企业敲开资本市场大门的敲门砖。</b>一位头部审计机构TMT行业人士告诉「深响」:“近期,由于企业赴美上市进程推进缓慢,很多国内互联网、消费类企业转投港股上市。而近期,港交所对于企业上市<b>最核心的考量标准之一就是研发水平的高低。</b>而对应到企业来说,最直观的指标就是研发费用的多少与占比。这也就间接的推动企业将更多的经营重心转向研发。”</p><p>听上去,「研发投入」真是梦想照进现实的时代之光,但在欢呼之前,有三个矛盾不可回避且值得思考:</p><ul><li><p>研发与利润之间的关系如何平衡?</p></li><li><p>研发是有周期以及失败可能性的,当研发的长周期遇见相对短周期的资本,两者之间的冲突如何解决?</p></li><li><p>研发投入的效果如何考证?研发的长期主义不等于没有短期目标,阶段性如何检验研发效果?正因为研发投入效果的长周期、难考察,这个指标是否成为了财技腾挪,甚至避税的挡箭牌?</p></li></ul><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/289f972fa4018306bc628380e6338cd9\" tg-width=\"816\" tg-height=\"548\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>研发与利润的平衡</b></p><p>先说研发与利润之间的矛盾。在昨天的华为年报发布会上,孟晚舟特意提到:华为的研发投入不受利润的约束。</p><p>事实上,<b>研发投入的确是受利润约束的。</b>在其他因素不变的情况下,研发投入越高,利润越低。虽然研发投入或许能在未来带来巨额回馈,但如果在当下,研发投入过大,影响了利润,甚至给企业的现金状况、生存状况造成严重负担,那么这样的研发投入就需要审慎。</p><p>比如AI(人工智能)行业的几大独角兽被资本市场热捧后抛弃,核心原因之一就是巨大的研发投入尚未发挥出潜力,而自身造血能力又不足,导致入不敷出。当研发的长周期遇见相对短周期的资本,两者之间的冲突通常是无解的。</p><p>再比如阿里从2009年开始做云计算相关研发,直到2020年四季度,阿里云才迎来首次盈利。而从90年代成立芯片设计中心到能与<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QCOM\">高通</a>上同一张牌桌的水平,华为用了近30年。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/dc401cf4d4ba9e8b49a4f39ac8b0fa6c\" tg-width=\"802\" tg-height=\"502\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>当下的研发投入“折损”的是当下的利润,研发投入的产出则是未来的利润。这里就有一个非常大的时间差。</b>能否跨越这个时间差是生或死的问题,能否在这条时间线上走下去则需要在长期投入与短期利益之间找到平衡术。</p><p>我们看到一些企业也在与投资者沟通的时候注意了这个时间预期。</p><p>比如B站,B站2021全年研发开支为人民币28亿元,同比增加88%。此增加主要是由于研发人员、股权激励费用以及其他研发开支增加所致。在电话会上,B站CFO樊欣说,盈利是所有企业的重要目标。B站一直考虑的是在选择<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/06838\">盈利时</a>间点和投资于长期发展机会之间的平衡。“我们始终本着效率为先,引进人才的原则,非常重视研发相关的投入,以及研发投入的产出。我们22年还会继续投入研发,关注投资回报率,然后自2023年开始,研发费用占收入比例会逐年减少。”</p><p><b>到底研发了什么?</b></p><p>研发投入并非越多越好,那么如何评价研发投入的“好坏”呢?这或许是个无解的问题。</p><p>目前科技公司们的研发投入主要有三种类型:</p><p><b>第一,投入范围比较广泛,不仅局限于自身业务,也在重要的技术、前沿科技方面有所探索。</b></p><p>根据《2021年腾讯研发大数据报告》,除了业务相关的部分,其还在操作系统、数据库、音视频等基础技术以及芯片、AI、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300024\">机器人</a>、大数据等前沿科技研发持续投入。而<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BABA\">阿里巴巴</a>则在云计算、芯片、AI、自动驾驶、量子计算等方向都有投入。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/228a7b667b93b90930a04c707d63cb0a\" tg-width=\"742\" tg-height=\"436\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>第二,基于自身主业进行研发投入。</b></p><p>比如中兴,2021年,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/000063\">中兴通讯</a>研发费用达到188亿元,相比2017年增长超过45%。在过去5年间,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00763\">中兴通讯</a>研发费用率也从2017年的11.9%,增加至2021年的16.4%。</p><p>其研发投入主业都在围绕中兴的核心业务——提升频谱和光谱的效率、加速网络商用性能优化及自主进化;以领域定制(DSA)、封装和架构创新,延续摩尔红利;持续深化芯片、算法和架构的软硬协同优化……提升产品竞争力、提高中兴在核心芯片、操作系统等重要领域的自给率。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fbf07d65f84fc3d87345fd3d75efd0f0\" tg-width=\"832\" tg-height=\"492\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>第三,在主业稳定的情况下,为“新增长”进行研发投入。</b></p><p>比如拼多多,2021年研发费用89.926亿元,同比增长30%。而其投入的重点则是农业——从去年8月开始,拼多多CEO陈磊便提出重投入百亿农研。2021财报电话会上,拼多多董事长兼CEO陈磊表示,四季度的利润也将用于农研科技领域。</p><p>你会发现,<b>所有关于当前研发投入的正确性都很难用具体的数据、其他指标的某种确定性关联的增长来佐证。甚至,公司内部也会用怀疑的眼光看待自己巨额的研发投入</b>——2017年的时候,华为内部就曾反省和质疑自己:<b>为何“有世界级的研发投入,没有世界级的研发产出”?</b></p><p>彼时的轮值CEO徐直军认为,华为研发投入大是总数大,但分摊到每个领域并不算大。华为整合传播部高级专家张群英则曾表示,“<b>光有热情、理想、投入还不够</b>,华为尚需要在研发精细化管理方面大幅提升。”</p><p>同样思路,我们看到很多企业都在夸赞自己研发投入的绝对值,比如小米的五年研发投入1000亿,决心很赞,效果如何就真的需要用时间来检验了。</p><p><b>扑朔迷离的财技</b></p><p>也正因为效果的“难以考量”,研发投入有时候也成为了企业展示财技的舞台——科技型企业,尤其是以软件或IT开发为主的企业,项目运维人员和研发人员均为技术人员,研发费用和运维成本的区分往往不好界定,这为调节项目成本和研发项目提供了较大的空间。</p><p><b>最简单的伎俩便是把与研发无关的人员包装在研发部门里,这样项目成本就变成了研发费用。一方面让成本降低毛利提升,不增加亏损,另一方面还装潢了研发的“门面”,纸面研发,一石二鸟。</b></p><p>在实际操作中,比如游戏企业,对于一款已经上线的游戏,无论是日常游戏bug的修复,还是游戏内道具的更新维护,在企业财务处理中都是作为运维成本,计入企业成本;而只有新游戏的开发,或者原有游戏内新的重大场景的开发,才会作为研发费用。但到了实际操作中,如何定义“重大”(significant),则是企业自身需要进行判断的,因此也就拥有了很大的操作空间。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/13597c21119d2da98d8015af8a1e77cd\" tg-width=\"816\" tg-height=\"506\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>除了在成本与费用间进行转换,<b>研发费用到底在当期进行资本化还是费用化,也有一定的操作空间。</b></p><p>比如,在几年前,很多到A股IPO的公司,为了增加利润规模,绞尽脑汁将研发费用达到资本化的标准,从而将其计入无形资产,在未来年度逐年摊销进入费用。而自从注册制的出现,企业在上市过程中对于利润的规模没有那么高的硬性指标,反而是对公司科创属性考量更多,很多企业反而将符合资本化的费用不进行资本化,计入当期研发费用,以提高研发费用规模及比例。</p><p>而在税务方面,<b>研发费用还有一个“奇效”就是直接帮助企业减少税负。</b>研发费用在税法上可以按照150%加计扣除,也就是如果在企业会计准则上产生了100元的研发费用,对应到税收上可以按照150元进行扣除,这对于高利润企业来说可以大幅增加费用项,减少企业所得税。</p><p>除此之外,<b>拥有高研发费用的企业也更容易申请到相关资质,进行减税。</b>比如最常见的高新技术企业,可以享受15%所得税优惠税率;对于软件企业(Software Enterprise)可以享受两年免税三年减半征收的优惠政策;而对于国家鼓励的重点软件企业(Key Software Enterprise),则可以享受10%的企业所得税优惠税率。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ae189dde9cb9c55d1ced58b48ae7733e\" tg-width=\"824\" tg-height=\"458\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>商业世界最大的魅力就是一种“混沌态”,很多事情都不是非此即彼的。我们为中国科技企业开始在研发投入上下功夫而欣喜,毕竟他们有人力财力物力和<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/838275\">驱动力</a>,而技术创新最终是需要落到场景上的,企业们身处第一线所积累的场景恰恰给技术走出实验室提供了最为肥沃的土壤。<b>数据显示,2021年中国全社会研发投入达到2.79万亿元,其中76%由企业投入。</b>企业是研发当之无愧的重要阵地。</p><p>只是这条路——太长、太艰辛,太多分岔口。</p></body></html>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>扑朔迷离的“财技”!别被“研发投入”骗了</title>\n<style 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11:37</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<html><head></head><body><blockquote>科技股的这个财报季用“惨”字形容绝不为过,巨亏的继续巨亏,减速的接着减速。上个季度(Q3)大家心照不宣地确认巨额的投资损失,这个季度(Q4及2021全年)大家又非常有默契地高度强调「研发投入」四个字。</blockquote><p>昨天发布的华为年度报告显示,华为2021年研发投入1427亿元,占全年收入的22.4%,创历史新高。此前发布的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00700\">腾讯</a>财报显示,腾讯2021年研发费用达518.8亿元,同比增长33.1%。而<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">百度</a>2021年研发费用为249亿元(其中不含<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/IQ\">爱奇艺</a>的核心研发投入221亿元),同比增长28%。</p><p>不止是硬核巨头,我们看到非常多的互联网企业20201年都在研发费用上狂热加码:</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NIO\">蔚来</a>45.919亿元,同比增长84.6%;</p><p>* B站28.4亿元,同比增长87.7%;</p><p>* 美团167亿元,同比增长53.1%;</p><p>* 小米132亿元,同比增长42.3%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PDD\">拼多多</a>89.926亿元,同比增长30%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BEKE\">贝壳</a>31.94亿元,同比增长28.89%;</p><p>* 携程90亿元,同比增长17%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BZ\">BOSS直聘</a>8.22亿元,同比增长60.1%;</p><p>* <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/688111\">金山办公</a>10.82亿元,同比增长52.15%;</p><p>(如果横向比较这些企业的研发费用,你也会有更多有趣的发现,B站研发费用是蔚来的一半,携程的研发费用比拼多多还多?)</p><p>一直以来,<b>无论是“贸工技”与“技工贸”的大讨论,还是应对“卡脖”挑战的种种反思,「研发投入」都被视为观察企业是否具备长远发展眼光的关键,是否坚持“长期主义”的重要指标。</b>再加上当前整个商业进入存量时代、营销套路失灵,产品力、客户第一的背后很大程度也就是研发的积累。「研发投入」四个字可以说是成为了各家企业的口头禅。</p><p>而另一方面,<b>研发投入的多少也正在逐渐成为企业敲开资本市场大门的敲门砖。</b>一位头部审计机构TMT行业人士告诉「深响」:“近期,由于企业赴美上市进程推进缓慢,很多国内互联网、消费类企业转投港股上市。而近期,港交所对于企业上市<b>最核心的考量标准之一就是研发水平的高低。</b>而对应到企业来说,最直观的指标就是研发费用的多少与占比。这也就间接的推动企业将更多的经营重心转向研发。”</p><p>听上去,「研发投入」真是梦想照进现实的时代之光,但在欢呼之前,有三个矛盾不可回避且值得思考:</p><ul><li><p>研发与利润之间的关系如何平衡?</p></li><li><p>研发是有周期以及失败可能性的,当研发的长周期遇见相对短周期的资本,两者之间的冲突如何解决?</p></li><li><p>研发投入的效果如何考证?研发的长期主义不等于没有短期目标,阶段性如何检验研发效果?正因为研发投入效果的长周期、难考察,这个指标是否成为了财技腾挪,甚至避税的挡箭牌?</p></li></ul><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/289f972fa4018306bc628380e6338cd9\" tg-width=\"816\" tg-height=\"548\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>研发与利润的平衡</b></p><p>先说研发与利润之间的矛盾。在昨天的华为年报发布会上,孟晚舟特意提到:华为的研发投入不受利润的约束。</p><p>事实上,<b>研发投入的确是受利润约束的。</b>在其他因素不变的情况下,研发投入越高,利润越低。虽然研发投入或许能在未来带来巨额回馈,但如果在当下,研发投入过大,影响了利润,甚至给企业的现金状况、生存状况造成严重负担,那么这样的研发投入就需要审慎。</p><p>比如AI(人工智能)行业的几大独角兽被资本市场热捧后抛弃,核心原因之一就是巨大的研发投入尚未发挥出潜力,而自身造血能力又不足,导致入不敷出。当研发的长周期遇见相对短周期的资本,两者之间的冲突通常是无解的。</p><p>再比如阿里从2009年开始做云计算相关研发,直到2020年四季度,阿里云才迎来首次盈利。而从90年代成立芯片设计中心到能与<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QCOM\">高通</a>上同一张牌桌的水平,华为用了近30年。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/dc401cf4d4ba9e8b49a4f39ac8b0fa6c\" tg-width=\"802\" tg-height=\"502\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>当下的研发投入“折损”的是当下的利润,研发投入的产出则是未来的利润。这里就有一个非常大的时间差。</b>能否跨越这个时间差是生或死的问题,能否在这条时间线上走下去则需要在长期投入与短期利益之间找到平衡术。</p><p>我们看到一些企业也在与投资者沟通的时候注意了这个时间预期。</p><p>比如B站,B站2021全年研发开支为人民币28亿元,同比增加88%。此增加主要是由于研发人员、股权激励费用以及其他研发开支增加所致。在电话会上,B站CFO樊欣说,盈利是所有企业的重要目标。B站一直考虑的是在选择<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/06838\">盈利时</a>间点和投资于长期发展机会之间的平衡。“我们始终本着效率为先,引进人才的原则,非常重视研发相关的投入,以及研发投入的产出。我们22年还会继续投入研发,关注投资回报率,然后自2023年开始,研发费用占收入比例会逐年减少。”</p><p><b>到底研发了什么?</b></p><p>研发投入并非越多越好,那么如何评价研发投入的“好坏”呢?这或许是个无解的问题。</p><p>目前科技公司们的研发投入主要有三种类型:</p><p><b>第一,投入范围比较广泛,不仅局限于自身业务,也在重要的技术、前沿科技方面有所探索。</b></p><p>根据《2021年腾讯研发大数据报告》,除了业务相关的部分,其还在操作系统、数据库、音视频等基础技术以及芯片、AI、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300024\">机器人</a>、大数据等前沿科技研发持续投入。而<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BABA\">阿里巴巴</a>则在云计算、芯片、AI、自动驾驶、量子计算等方向都有投入。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/228a7b667b93b90930a04c707d63cb0a\" tg-width=\"742\" tg-height=\"436\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>第二,基于自身主业进行研发投入。</b></p><p>比如中兴,2021年,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/000063\">中兴通讯</a>研发费用达到188亿元,相比2017年增长超过45%。在过去5年间,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00763\">中兴通讯</a>研发费用率也从2017年的11.9%,增加至2021年的16.4%。</p><p>其研发投入主业都在围绕中兴的核心业务——提升频谱和光谱的效率、加速网络商用性能优化及自主进化;以领域定制(DSA)、封装和架构创新,延续摩尔红利;持续深化芯片、算法和架构的软硬协同优化……提升产品竞争力、提高中兴在核心芯片、操作系统等重要领域的自给率。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fbf07d65f84fc3d87345fd3d75efd0f0\" tg-width=\"832\" tg-height=\"492\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>第三,在主业稳定的情况下,为“新增长”进行研发投入。</b></p><p>比如拼多多,2021年研发费用89.926亿元,同比增长30%。而其投入的重点则是农业——从去年8月开始,拼多多CEO陈磊便提出重投入百亿农研。2021财报电话会上,拼多多董事长兼CEO陈磊表示,四季度的利润也将用于农研科技领域。</p><p>你会发现,<b>所有关于当前研发投入的正确性都很难用具体的数据、其他指标的某种确定性关联的增长来佐证。甚至,公司内部也会用怀疑的眼光看待自己巨额的研发投入</b>——2017年的时候,华为内部就曾反省和质疑自己:<b>为何“有世界级的研发投入,没有世界级的研发产出”?</b></p><p>彼时的轮值CEO徐直军认为,华为研发投入大是总数大,但分摊到每个领域并不算大。华为整合传播部高级专家张群英则曾表示,“<b>光有热情、理想、投入还不够</b>,华为尚需要在研发精细化管理方面大幅提升。”</p><p>同样思路,我们看到很多企业都在夸赞自己研发投入的绝对值,比如小米的五年研发投入1000亿,决心很赞,效果如何就真的需要用时间来检验了。</p><p><b>扑朔迷离的财技</b></p><p>也正因为效果的“难以考量”,研发投入有时候也成为了企业展示财技的舞台——科技型企业,尤其是以软件或IT开发为主的企业,项目运维人员和研发人员均为技术人员,研发费用和运维成本的区分往往不好界定,这为调节项目成本和研发项目提供了较大的空间。</p><p><b>最简单的伎俩便是把与研发无关的人员包装在研发部门里,这样项目成本就变成了研发费用。一方面让成本降低毛利提升,不增加亏损,另一方面还装潢了研发的“门面”,纸面研发,一石二鸟。</b></p><p>在实际操作中,比如游戏企业,对于一款已经上线的游戏,无论是日常游戏bug的修复,还是游戏内道具的更新维护,在企业财务处理中都是作为运维成本,计入企业成本;而只有新游戏的开发,或者原有游戏内新的重大场景的开发,才会作为研发费用。但到了实际操作中,如何定义“重大”(significant),则是企业自身需要进行判断的,因此也就拥有了很大的操作空间。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/13597c21119d2da98d8015af8a1e77cd\" tg-width=\"816\" tg-height=\"506\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>除了在成本与费用间进行转换,<b>研发费用到底在当期进行资本化还是费用化,也有一定的操作空间。</b></p><p>比如,在几年前,很多到A股IPO的公司,为了增加利润规模,绞尽脑汁将研发费用达到资本化的标准,从而将其计入无形资产,在未来年度逐年摊销进入费用。而自从注册制的出现,企业在上市过程中对于利润的规模没有那么高的硬性指标,反而是对公司科创属性考量更多,很多企业反而将符合资本化的费用不进行资本化,计入当期研发费用,以提高研发费用规模及比例。</p><p>而在税务方面,<b>研发费用还有一个“奇效”就是直接帮助企业减少税负。</b>研发费用在税法上可以按照150%加计扣除,也就是如果在企业会计准则上产生了100元的研发费用,对应到税收上可以按照150元进行扣除,这对于高利润企业来说可以大幅增加费用项,减少企业所得税。</p><p>除此之外,<b>拥有高研发费用的企业也更容易申请到相关资质,进行减税。</b>比如最常见的高新技术企业,可以享受15%所得税优惠税率;对于软件企业(Software Enterprise)可以享受两年免税三年减半征收的优惠政策;而对于国家鼓励的重点软件企业(Key Software Enterprise),则可以享受10%的企业所得税优惠税率。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ae189dde9cb9c55d1ced58b48ae7733e\" tg-width=\"824\" tg-height=\"458\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>商业世界最大的魅力就是一种“混沌态”,很多事情都不是非此即彼的。我们为中国科技企业开始在研发投入上下功夫而欣喜,毕竟他们有人力财力物力和<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/838275\">驱动力</a>,而技术创新最终是需要落到场景上的,企业们身处第一线所积累的场景恰恰给技术走出实验室提供了最为肥沃的土壤。<b>数据显示,2021年中国全社会研发投入达到2.79万亿元,其中76%由企业投入。</b>企业是研发当之无愧的重要阵地。</p><p>只是这条路——太长、太艰辛,太多分岔口。</p></body></html>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/27a1dde16681f908848a7362a653b3c2","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1169143108","content_text":"科技股的这个财报季用“惨”字形容绝不为过,巨亏的继续巨亏,减速的接着减速。上个季度(Q3)大家心照不宣地确认巨额的投资损失,这个季度(Q4及2021全年)大家又非常有默契地高度强调「研发投入」四个字。昨天发布的华为年度报告显示,华为2021年研发投入1427亿元,占全年收入的22.4%,创历史新高。此前发布的腾讯财报显示,腾讯2021年研发费用达518.8亿元,同比增长33.1%。而百度2021年研发费用为249亿元(其中不含爱奇艺的核心研发投入221亿元),同比增长28%。不止是硬核巨头,我们看到非常多的互联网企业20201年都在研发费用上狂热加码:* 蔚来45.919亿元,同比增长84.6%;* B站28.4亿元,同比增长87.7%;* 美团167亿元,同比增长53.1%;* 小米132亿元,同比增长42.3%;* 拼多多89.926亿元,同比增长30%;* 贝壳31.94亿元,同比增长28.89%;* 携程90亿元,同比增长17%;* BOSS直聘8.22亿元,同比增长60.1%;* 金山办公10.82亿元,同比增长52.15%;(如果横向比较这些企业的研发费用,你也会有更多有趣的发现,B站研发费用是蔚来的一半,携程的研发费用比拼多多还多?)一直以来,无论是“贸工技”与“技工贸”的大讨论,还是应对“卡脖”挑战的种种反思,「研发投入」都被视为观察企业是否具备长远发展眼光的关键,是否坚持“长期主义”的重要指标。再加上当前整个商业进入存量时代、营销套路失灵,产品力、客户第一的背后很大程度也就是研发的积累。「研发投入」四个字可以说是成为了各家企业的口头禅。而另一方面,研发投入的多少也正在逐渐成为企业敲开资本市场大门的敲门砖。一位头部审计机构TMT行业人士告诉「深响」:“近期,由于企业赴美上市进程推进缓慢,很多国内互联网、消费类企业转投港股上市。而近期,港交所对于企业上市最核心的考量标准之一就是研发水平的高低。而对应到企业来说,最直观的指标就是研发费用的多少与占比。这也就间接的推动企业将更多的经营重心转向研发。”听上去,「研发投入」真是梦想照进现实的时代之光,但在欢呼之前,有三个矛盾不可回避且值得思考:研发与利润之间的关系如何平衡?研发是有周期以及失败可能性的,当研发的长周期遇见相对短周期的资本,两者之间的冲突如何解决?研发投入的效果如何考证?研发的长期主义不等于没有短期目标,阶段性如何检验研发效果?正因为研发投入效果的长周期、难考察,这个指标是否成为了财技腾挪,甚至避税的挡箭牌?研发与利润的平衡先说研发与利润之间的矛盾。在昨天的华为年报发布会上,孟晚舟特意提到:华为的研发投入不受利润的约束。事实上,研发投入的确是受利润约束的。在其他因素不变的情况下,研发投入越高,利润越低。虽然研发投入或许能在未来带来巨额回馈,但如果在当下,研发投入过大,影响了利润,甚至给企业的现金状况、生存状况造成严重负担,那么这样的研发投入就需要审慎。比如AI(人工智能)行业的几大独角兽被资本市场热捧后抛弃,核心原因之一就是巨大的研发投入尚未发挥出潜力,而自身造血能力又不足,导致入不敷出。当研发的长周期遇见相对短周期的资本,两者之间的冲突通常是无解的。再比如阿里从2009年开始做云计算相关研发,直到2020年四季度,阿里云才迎来首次盈利。而从90年代成立芯片设计中心到能与高通上同一张牌桌的水平,华为用了近30年。当下的研发投入“折损”的是当下的利润,研发投入的产出则是未来的利润。这里就有一个非常大的时间差。能否跨越这个时间差是生或死的问题,能否在这条时间线上走下去则需要在长期投入与短期利益之间找到平衡术。我们看到一些企业也在与投资者沟通的时候注意了这个时间预期。比如B站,B站2021全年研发开支为人民币28亿元,同比增加88%。此增加主要是由于研发人员、股权激励费用以及其他研发开支增加所致。在电话会上,B站CFO樊欣说,盈利是所有企业的重要目标。B站一直考虑的是在选择盈利时间点和投资于长期发展机会之间的平衡。“我们始终本着效率为先,引进人才的原则,非常重视研发相关的投入,以及研发投入的产出。我们22年还会继续投入研发,关注投资回报率,然后自2023年开始,研发费用占收入比例会逐年减少。”到底研发了什么?研发投入并非越多越好,那么如何评价研发投入的“好坏”呢?这或许是个无解的问题。目前科技公司们的研发投入主要有三种类型:第一,投入范围比较广泛,不仅局限于自身业务,也在重要的技术、前沿科技方面有所探索。根据《2021年腾讯研发大数据报告》,除了业务相关的部分,其还在操作系统、数据库、音视频等基础技术以及芯片、AI、机器人、大数据等前沿科技研发持续投入。而阿里巴巴则在云计算、芯片、AI、自动驾驶、量子计算等方向都有投入。第二,基于自身主业进行研发投入。比如中兴,2021年,中兴通讯研发费用达到188亿元,相比2017年增长超过45%。在过去5年间,中兴通讯研发费用率也从2017年的11.9%,增加至2021年的16.4%。其研发投入主业都在围绕中兴的核心业务——提升频谱和光谱的效率、加速网络商用性能优化及自主进化;以领域定制(DSA)、封装和架构创新,延续摩尔红利;持续深化芯片、算法和架构的软硬协同优化……提升产品竞争力、提高中兴在核心芯片、操作系统等重要领域的自给率。第三,在主业稳定的情况下,为“新增长”进行研发投入。比如拼多多,2021年研发费用89.926亿元,同比增长30%。而其投入的重点则是农业——从去年8月开始,拼多多CEO陈磊便提出重投入百亿农研。2021财报电话会上,拼多多董事长兼CEO陈磊表示,四季度的利润也将用于农研科技领域。你会发现,所有关于当前研发投入的正确性都很难用具体的数据、其他指标的某种确定性关联的增长来佐证。甚至,公司内部也会用怀疑的眼光看待自己巨额的研发投入——2017年的时候,华为内部就曾反省和质疑自己:为何“有世界级的研发投入,没有世界级的研发产出”?彼时的轮值CEO徐直军认为,华为研发投入大是总数大,但分摊到每个领域并不算大。华为整合传播部高级专家张群英则曾表示,“光有热情、理想、投入还不够,华为尚需要在研发精细化管理方面大幅提升。”同样思路,我们看到很多企业都在夸赞自己研发投入的绝对值,比如小米的五年研发投入1000亿,决心很赞,效果如何就真的需要用时间来检验了。扑朔迷离的财技也正因为效果的“难以考量”,研发投入有时候也成为了企业展示财技的舞台——科技型企业,尤其是以软件或IT开发为主的企业,项目运维人员和研发人员均为技术人员,研发费用和运维成本的区分往往不好界定,这为调节项目成本和研发项目提供了较大的空间。最简单的伎俩便是把与研发无关的人员包装在研发部门里,这样项目成本就变成了研发费用。一方面让成本降低毛利提升,不增加亏损,另一方面还装潢了研发的“门面”,纸面研发,一石二鸟。在实际操作中,比如游戏企业,对于一款已经上线的游戏,无论是日常游戏bug的修复,还是游戏内道具的更新维护,在企业财务处理中都是作为运维成本,计入企业成本;而只有新游戏的开发,或者原有游戏内新的重大场景的开发,才会作为研发费用。但到了实际操作中,如何定义“重大”(significant),则是企业自身需要进行判断的,因此也就拥有了很大的操作空间。除了在成本与费用间进行转换,研发费用到底在当期进行资本化还是费用化,也有一定的操作空间。比如,在几年前,很多到A股IPO的公司,为了增加利润规模,绞尽脑汁将研发费用达到资本化的标准,从而将其计入无形资产,在未来年度逐年摊销进入费用。而自从注册制的出现,企业在上市过程中对于利润的规模没有那么高的硬性指标,反而是对公司科创属性考量更多,很多企业反而将符合资本化的费用不进行资本化,计入当期研发费用,以提高研发费用规模及比例。而在税务方面,研发费用还有一个“奇效”就是直接帮助企业减少税负。研发费用在税法上可以按照150%加计扣除,也就是如果在企业会计准则上产生了100元的研发费用,对应到税收上可以按照150元进行扣除,这对于高利润企业来说可以大幅增加费用项,减少企业所得税。除此之外,拥有高研发费用的企业也更容易申请到相关资质,进行减税。比如最常见的高新技术企业,可以享受15%所得税优惠税率;对于软件企业(Software Enterprise)可以享受两年免税三年减半征收的优惠政策;而对于国家鼓励的重点软件企业(Key Software Enterprise),则可以享受10%的企业所得税优惠税率。商业世界最大的魅力就是一种“混沌态”,很多事情都不是非此即彼的。我们为中国科技企业开始在研发投入上下功夫而欣喜,毕竟他们有人力财力物力和驱动力,而技术创新最终是需要落到场景上的,企业们身处第一线所积累的场景恰恰给技术走出实验室提供了最为肥沃的土壤。数据显示,2021年中国全社会研发投入达到2.79万亿元,其中76%由企业投入。企业是研发当之无愧的重要阵地。只是这条路——太长、太艰辛,太多分岔口。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1480,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":637209122,"gmtCreate":1648083995492,"gmtModify":1648083995492,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WDH\">$水滴(WDH)$</a>2021年水滴筹总共筹了有480亿善款,如果能收3.6%的手续费,那水滴公司就发啦","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WDH\">$水滴(WDH)$</a>2021年水滴筹总共筹了有480亿善款,如果能收3.6%的手续费,那水滴公司就发啦","text":"$水滴(WDH)$2021年水滴筹总共筹了有480亿善款,如果能收3.6%的手续费,那水滴公司就发啦","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/637209122","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2300,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[{"author":{"id":"20671391717937","authorId":"20671391717937","name":"站城头吹风","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/tiger_upload_file_1447772474039-494427623jpeg","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"20671391717937","authorIdStr":"20671391717937"},"content":"善款也收手续费 [喷血]怕是疯了吧,一下子把自己牌子砸了","text":"善款也收手续费 [喷血]怕是疯了吧,一下子把自己牌子砸了","html":"善款也收手续费 [喷血]怕是疯了吧,一下子把自己牌子砸了"}],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":637633346,"gmtCreate":1648034992521,"gmtModify":1648034992521,"author":{"id":"3505194629650546","authorId":"3505194629650546","name":"如来脚掌","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c5b08e1491a7bf43834e692752d5aeaa","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3505194629650546","authorIdStr":"3505194629650546"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WDH\">$水滴(WDH)$</a>求问大家这个财报首年保费169亿是什么概念?这些钱不算水滴的营收吗?","listText":"<a 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