美国司法部指控科技巨头提新证：谷歌的垄断推迟了ChatGPT诞生_老虎社区_美港股上老虎

美国司法部指控科技巨头提新证：谷歌的垄断推迟了ChatGPT诞生

华尔街见闻2023-04-14

代表司法部指控谷歌通过排他性协议垄断互联网搜索的律师称，过去十二年，谷歌一直保持垄断地位，并质疑，我们是不是本应该六年前就可以看到ChatGPT？指控谷歌搞市场垄断的美国司法部认为，就是因为谷歌的垄断，才导致像ChatGPT这样的科技创新没能更早面世。当地时间4月13日周四举行的听证会上，代表美国司法部起诉谷歌的律师Kenneth Dintzer向哥伦比亚特区联邦法院法官Amit Mehta提出了...

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Mehta提出了上述观点，并指出，在微软宣布要将OpenAI支持ChatGPT的AI技术应用于必应搜索引擎后，几天内谷歌就表示，会发布自己的类ChatGPT产品，这“显示了真正的竞争会怎么做”。Dintzer说：“过去十二年，谷歌一直保持垄断地位。我们是不是本应该六年前就可以看到ChatGPT？我们会看到其他五家搜索领域的竞争对手吗？这些问题我们谁都无法回答。”Dintzer代理的谷歌相关反垄断案始于2020年10月特朗普执政时。当时司法部指控谷歌利用垄断实力，通过排他性的协议阻止互联网搜索的竞争。该案定于今年9月开庭审理。谷歌请求Mehta在9月开审前驳回司法部和州检察官提起的两宗反垄断诉讼案。本周四，谷歌的代表律师John Schmidtlein承认，与苹果和智能手机制造商达成让谷歌成为默认搜索引擎的协议，带给谷歌“优势”，但这并未违反反垄断法。Schmidtlein说，谷歌绝对因为协议有了优势，但它不属于对手无法逾越的优势。2003年和苹果首次达成作为Safari浏览器默认搜索引擎的协议时，谷歌是众多搜索引擎之一，苹果的Mac电脑只占很小的市场份额。Schmidtlein认为，这些协议具有自我强化的特性，其独特之处在于，只有采用默认设置，产品才会变得更好。谷歌凭借年复一年的默认设置，收集了更多数据，并有能力提供更准确、更高效的搜索结果。法官询问，现在谷歌已经是无可争议的搜索市场领导者，为何到了今天，谷歌还要继续为获得搜索引擎默认地位的协议买单。Schmidtlein说，谷歌花钱展示自己的产品，用户可以得到产品，至于是否切换搜索引擎，这取决于用户。而司法部的律师Dintzer认为，谷歌对排他性的坚持以及这些协议付款的规模是关键。他反驳说，谷歌为默认搜索引擎设置付出几十亿美元，谷歌一直说那是因为用户想要谷歌搜索，可如果大家想要，谷歌就不会花几十亿美元。Dintzer称，谷歌本应该一获得垄断地位就取消协议中的排他性条款。那样就能让潜在的谷歌对手竞相接入智能手机和浏览器，并让苹果或者开发火狐浏览器Mozilla 等公司设计不同的产品，为消费者提供更多选择。媒体评论称，法官Mehta本周四在听证期间发现多个问题，并且说，最好在审判中解决，这样看来，他应该不可能可能缩小上述谷歌反垄断案的范围，也不可能将两案完全搁置。除了上述搜索相关反垄断案，美国司法部今年还进一步加码，1月正式起诉谷歌非法垄断广告市场，寻求拆分谷歌的数字广告技术业务。当时司法部在起诉文件中指出，谷歌带来的“危害显而易见”，它可能只靠设定游戏规则就排除对手。文件还提到，曾有谷歌主管将该公司的情形类比为高盛拥有纽交所。华尔街见闻文章当时提到，这是拜登政府首次挑战美国科技巨头影响力的大案。美国司法部自20世纪80年代拆分贝尔实验室以来很少主动提出的要拆分大公司。此次起诉谷歌将成为四十年来最大规模的企业拆分案。","kind":"highlight","is_publish_news":false,"is_publish_highlight":true,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1},"commentList":[],"hasMoreComments":false,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false}}