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嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-08-26
$快手-W(01024)$
美股ipo走起
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-06-16
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
天天过山车。
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-06-13
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
一起死吧
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-06-13
$哔哩哔哩-SW(09626)$
咋跳了这么多
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-06-09
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
看来财报不好。
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-05-26
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
今天起飞明天坠机。玩个毛…
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-04-20
利好a岛,什么a岛没了?利好a站。
B站管控密度过高的颜文字弹幕
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-04-11
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
版号
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-04-01
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
庄股了
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-25
$哔哩哔哩-SW(09626)$
这是又tmd怎么了
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-18
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
看来谈的还行。
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-16
$快手-W(01024)$
恐慌得到了释放
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-15
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
猴市意味着所有人都是疯狂的。
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-09
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
我永远害怕猴市
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-08
我抄高瓴作业。
投资爱奇艺、B站、微博,三选一谁为王
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-03
亏多少?
哔哩哔哩第四季度营收57.8亿元,市场预期57.42亿元
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-03-02
$爱奇艺(IQ)$
@某时间的朋友。
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-02-25
$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$
上窜下跳
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-02-24
$哔哩哔哩-SW(09626)$
叔叔:我谢谢您!
嘻嘻哈哈花花
2022-02-24
$哔哩哔哩-SW(09626)$
财报偷跑?
去老虎APP查看更多动态
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margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nB站管控密度过高的颜文字弹幕\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2022-04-20 09:36 北京时间 <a href=https://tech.ifeng.com/c/8FMT37ZNARI><strong>鞭牛士Bianews</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>鞭牛士 4月20日消息,近日,弹幕可以说是是B站独特的文化符号,不过有些弹幕密度太高也将会影响用户观看体验。近日,“哔哩哔哩社区小管家”发布动态称部分视频里颜文字弹幕密度过高,影响观看体验,目前站方已对该类弹幕进行了管控。值得一提的是,B站此前还上线了「特型弹幕」产品,目的是有效激发用户与品牌互动。据介绍,通过「特型弹幕」产品,品牌可在视频指定时段,将弹幕升级为烟花、流沙等多元样式,激发用户参与...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://tech.ifeng.com/c/8FMT37ZNARI\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"BK1587":"次新股","BK4526":"热门中概股","BILI":"哔哩哔哩","BK4503":"景林资产持仓","BK4505":"高瓴资本持仓","BK4510":"在线教育","BK4085":"互动家庭娱乐","BK4504":"桥水持仓","BK4548":"巴美列捷福持仓","BK4563":"昨日强势股","BK4513":"直播概念","BK1608":"元宇宙概念","BK4554":"元宇宙及AR概念","BK1575":"同股不同权","BK4531":"中概回港概念","BK4566":"资本集团","09626":"哔哩哔哩-W","BK4509":"腾讯概念","BK1588":"回港中概股","BK1104":"互动家庭娱乐","BK4577":"网络游戏"},"source_url":"https://tech.ifeng.com/c/8FMT37ZNARI","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2228451910","content_text":"鞭牛士 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18:54","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"投资爱奇艺、B站、微博,三选一谁为王","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1175746688","media":"价值星球Planet","summary":"美股财报季开启,各企业成绩单纷至沓来。1-3日,爱奇艺、哔哩哔哩(以下简称“B站”)、微博三家先后发布财报。这三家,一个是“长视频第一股”,过去几年爆款剧集频出;一个是成功破圈的“后浪”,手握“Z世代","content":"<html><head></head><body><p>美股财报季开启,各企业成绩单纷至沓来。</p><p>1-3日,爱奇艺、哔哩哔哩(以下简称“B站”)、微博三家先后发布财报。这三家,一个是“长视频第一股”,过去几年爆款剧集频出;一个是成功破圈的“后浪”,手握“Z世代”流量池;一个是刚刚经历二次上市,在英雄联盟S11、夏奥和冬奥等重大热点事件中再次奠定自己地位的“第一舆论场”。</p><p>看似完全不相干的三家企业,其实有一个共同点,就是早期不被看好,中期业绩趋稳,长期值得期待。</p><p>从投资者角度来看,这三家谁更具投资价值?</p><p>短期来看,股票的价格受到股民情绪、各种消息的综合影响;但是长期来看还是企业内在价值决定的,对于互联网企业来说,这个核心价值体现在用户规模、盈利能力和成长潜力上。</p><p><b>1、高增速对比高质量</b></p><p>从最新的财报数据来看,爱奇艺、B站、微博三家日活跃用户增速都在预期内。</p><p>2021年Q4,爱奇艺总订阅会员的日均人数为9700万,同比下降6%;B站日活用户7220万,同比提升34%;微博日活用户2.49亿,同比增长11%。</p><p>仅看增速B站遥遥领先,但是从绝对值来看,微博是当仁不让的第一,爱奇艺因为“会员涨价”等缘故导致日活下滑也在预料之中。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3b566d3f70c7b12b47c6a846ee7d1887\" tg-width=\"632\" tg-height=\"293\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>撇开用户质量空谈用户规模毫无意义,所以我们也找到了上述三家公司的用户画像进行对比。</p><p>一般观念认为,20-40岁的消费者财务独立、更具消费潜力,2022年1月爱奇艺、B站、微博的用户中年龄在24-40岁的用户占比分别为70.17%、20.64%、63.87%。爱奇艺和微博相差不大,而B站的年龄结构与其定位的“Z世代社区”相符。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8d6bf587a788fcd39e4454be6e7acdf9\" tg-width=\"632\" tg-height=\"293\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>这些用户有多少是真的付费用户,又有多少是“白嫖党”?易观千帆的数据显示,2022年1月,爱奇艺、B站、微博三家中等及以上消费者的占比分别为70.97%、70.58%和78.3%。但是易观并没有明确给出各阶段用户的实际付费区间定义,所以这项数据仅供大家参考,但可以看出三家中等及以上消费者的差别并不大。</p><p>其实付费用户这一指标对于爱奇艺的意义最大,2021年Q4爱奇艺有55.77%的收入来自会员服务,但用户对平台几乎没有忠诚可言,哪家的内容更有吸引力,消费者自会用脚投票,这是视频平台的逃不开的宿命。同期,B站的“大会员”数量同比增长39%达到2010万,也正是付费用户的增加直接推动了B站的流量变现进程,让“出圈”迎来了收获。微博的主要收入来自广告,所以付费用户的指标并不是微博考察的核心。</p><p>另一方面,用户黏性也是至关重要。易观千帆数据显示,2021年12月,爱奇艺、B站、微博单用户使用时长分别为150.45分钟、83.45分钟和32.76分钟,这正好对应了三个平台的不同属性,长视频、中视频和社交。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3420a0d2f6358aed1ffe1cfb4378c4b0\" tg-width=\"632\" tg-height=\"292\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>同样是在12月,B站APP人均单日启动次数达到13.17次,位列第一,微博(8.89次)和爱奇艺(8.42次)紧随其后。</p><p>仔细看来,三家的用户规模虽不在一个量级上,但是好在各自的用户“纯度”都很高,黏性也不错。</p><p>对于爱奇艺和B站两个视频网站来说,用户跟着内容走,内容跟着钱走,所以两家的前期投入都非常高。但是这也没办法,毕竟他们争的不是即时红利,而是持续坐在牌桌上的资格。微博在去年经历了 “清朗行动”、文娱业务转型等关键节点后,“利空出尽”,用户增长趋于稳定,但由于其用户基数已经达到较高水平,跟两家视频平台相比长期增速不占优势。</p><p>下一阶段,三家公司不约而同地将发力点定为“从高速增长到高质量发展”,这是一个战略性转变。在国内互联网红利见顶的当下,想复制前几年的高增速已经不太可能,如何稳住基本盘、突出发力点值得管理者深思。</p><p><b>2、盈利的“暗线”</b></p><p>从定性的角度看,微博是三家中唯一实现盈利的,这一点无需质疑。</p><p>2021年Q4,爱奇艺营收73.89亿元,同比增长-0.93%;净利润为-17.65亿元,同比增长-15.22%。B站营收57.81亿元,同比增长51%;净利润-20.96亿元,同比增长-148.4%。微博营收约38.95亿元(6.16亿美元),同比增长20.04%;归母净利润约7.31亿元(1.157亿美元),同比增长298.5%。</p><p>只看增速的话,微博是唯一一家营收和归母净利润都正增长的企业,这在全球资本市场充满不确定性的前提下,明显优于另外两家。</p><p>non-GAAP(非美国通用会计准则)下,爱奇艺、B站、微博三家Q4净利润分别为-10亿元、-16.60亿元和12.35亿元(1.955亿美元),这一数据可以更直观的反映出企业经营状况,爱奇艺亏损收窄,B站亏损大幅增加,微博则同比略降了8%。</p><p>爱奇艺和B站的亏损已经是个老生常谈的话题了,为了解决连年亏损的问题,爱奇艺在2021年12月进行了大裁员,据报道裁员比例在20%至40%之间;B站董事长陈睿在电话会议上也提出,“近期资本市场动荡,股价波动,但市场和人力成本的投入压力缓解。公司会借此机会,控制支出,降本增效。”</p><p>一边是爱奇艺、B站“开源节流”,另一边微博在“扩列”。除了已经稳定的盈利模式外,为了寻求更大的空间,微博尝试寻找新的增长点,将电竞与体育纳为其重点布局的垂直内容,并从中吸引更多用户和广告主。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a8a13d521af86d6450a0d1d9c9a2b659\" tg-width=\"632\" tg-height=\"327\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>与利润对应的是,2021年Q4,爱奇艺、B站和微博的净利率分别为-23.89%、-36.25%和16.25%。</p><p>究其原因,还是和爱奇艺与B站的商业模式有关。爱奇艺最大的问题是内容制作成本太高,会员涨价后也很难cover住成本,反而会造成“曲高和寡”的局面,把更多人拒在门外。B站过去几年始终没有找到特别好的盈利切口,所以商业化始终不理想,游戏虽然可以赚钱,但是版号难题也一直存在。</p><p>微博的模式更加单纯,靠广告+增值服务赚钱,做品牌方和用户的“中间人”。疫情之下,企业主更加强调品效合一,投放的转化率和互动性成为重要指标,这让微博这个唯一的广场式社交平台成为“必选项”,使品牌客户始终无法离开微博,转投其他新秀。</p><p><b>3、谁更适合投资?</b></p><p>爱奇艺、B站、微博三家,分别是长视频、中视频和社交领域的佼佼者,从市占率和用户口碑来看都具有独特的竞争力。</p><p>但作为投资者,大家更看重的是三家未来的前景。</p><p>从账面上来看,爱奇艺连年亏损,但是它仍是百度流量的重要入口之一。爱奇艺此次财报也释放了一种“转型”的信号,这种转型就是前面我们所说的“从高速增长到高质量发展”。</p><p>长视频行业经历十余年发展,已度过了跑马圈地的早期阶段,而是到了挖掘长内容价值的阶段,强调投入与产出的平衡。</p><p>无独有偶,B站首席财务官樊欣最新财报电话会议中也强调,通过提升单个MAU的变现率和控制运营费用,在2022年开始全年non-GAAP运营亏损率同比收窄,中期目标于2024年实现non-GAAP盈亏平衡。</p><p>微博也将主要精力放在经营效率提升上,“我们2021年的营收突破20亿美元,经营效率得到进一步提升。2022年,微博将继续提升自身产品功能,丰富平台内容生态,服务更广泛的用户群体。”微博首席执行官王高飞表示。</p><p>过去的一个季度里,三家企业核心业务趋于稳定,下一阶段“降本增效”后,赚钱成为共同的目标。不管是爱奇艺和B站的给出的盈利时间表,还是微博求稳增长的态度,都在一定程度上显示出疫情给企业增强了现金流意识。</p><p>同样,各家也存在不同的风险项。最近4年,爱奇艺的平均付费用户收入一直在涨,但会员数量却在下降。创始人龚宇也曾对外承认:“因为内容的缺失,导致了会员数量下降。”</p><p>B站在资本市场一路高歌,但“福兮祸所伏”。今年1月,B站月活已突破3亿,根据B站定义的Z世代(1995-2009)目标客户群体,再考虑当前我国人口的年龄结构情况,B站的用户增长可能快要触顶了。</p><p>微博的风险点也很明显,如广告主需求弱于预期、流量平台广告竞争超预期(抖音、快手等平台的流量撕扯)、监管政策风险等。</p><p>综上,一方面爱奇艺、B站、微博三家在不同领域都有独特的竞争力,用户规模也是垂直赛道中的头部,值得长期期待;另一方面,三家自身的弊病也摆在明面上,内容、用户、客户的三重“围城”持续优化仍在路上,政策监管风险也不得不考虑。</p><p>从投资角度来看,B站股票发行后,股价经历了四个阶段变化。底部的调整蓄力是第一阶段,上升是第二阶段,股价到157美元之后就回调了,再从底部冲到125美元,形成一个“双高峰”的曲线。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2db31d60ece5de0118546d55c3e4cf30\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>爱奇艺的股价图形则相反,它在高位调整以后并没有如愿开启阶段一,反而从顶部直接跌下来,一直下到4美元。这样的颓势主要还是因为公司一直亏损,但是参照海外Netflix(奈飞)的模式,爱奇艺仍有“起飞”可能。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/dd65a000da6d2987f926b5800bc36f40\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>微博自美股上市以来也经历了蓄力、上升、回调三个阶段,回调后也有一波小幅拉升,只是推力不足,没有冲到更高的位置。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1e5df7528db0de8cb13508736172044a\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>长期来看,爱奇艺亏损有所收窄,随着付费观念加强和爆款的制作,公司有望实现盈利。通过这段时间的开源节流打正现金流,盈利后就可以腾出手来开展下一阶段的工作,也就是九个字:出精品,弱广告、强用户。</p><p>B站更有想象力,但是不确定性也大。在用户习惯未定型的同时,B站的业务结构也尚不稳定,过去的8个季度里,B站各业务的收入比重一直剧烈变化,难以用货币化锚进行厘定和追踪。</p><p>相比之下微博最稳定,有成熟的盈利模式,有持续良性增长的潜力。“热点+社交”这一战略逐步落实下来,让微博能够在维持大规模月活基数的同时,深挖黏性用户带来的价值。这也就解释了为何微博的广告业务能够在大盘承压的情况下维持高位增长,甚至能够向新领域扩张。</p><p>不同的投资标的适合不同的投资者,以上三家谁更值得持有,投资者可自行考量。</p></body></html>","source":"lsy1645782260115","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>投资爱奇艺、B站、微博,三选一谁为王</title>\n<style 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}\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n投资爱奇艺、B站、微博,三选一谁为王\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2022-03-08 18:54 北京时间 <a href=https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1726722722102222035&wfr=spider&for=pc><strong>价值星球Planet</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>美股财报季开启,各企业成绩单纷至沓来。1-3日,爱奇艺、哔哩哔哩(以下简称“B站”)、微博三家先后发布财报。这三家,一个是“长视频第一股”,过去几年爆款剧集频出;一个是成功破圈的“后浪”,手握“Z世代”流量池;一个是刚刚经历二次上市,在英雄联盟S11、夏奥和冬奥等重大热点事件中再次奠定自己地位的“第一舆论场”。看似完全不相干的三家企业,其实有一个共同点,就是早期不被看好,中期业绩趋稳,长期值得期待...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1726722722102222035&wfr=spider&for=pc\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5d8fb95e65f042f352c6313989391357","relate_stocks":{"BILI":"哔哩哔哩","IQ":"爱奇艺","WB":"微博"},"source_url":"https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1726722722102222035&wfr=spider&for=pc","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1175746688","content_text":"美股财报季开启,各企业成绩单纷至沓来。1-3日,爱奇艺、哔哩哔哩(以下简称“B站”)、微博三家先后发布财报。这三家,一个是“长视频第一股”,过去几年爆款剧集频出;一个是成功破圈的“后浪”,手握“Z世代”流量池;一个是刚刚经历二次上市,在英雄联盟S11、夏奥和冬奥等重大热点事件中再次奠定自己地位的“第一舆论场”。看似完全不相干的三家企业,其实有一个共同点,就是早期不被看好,中期业绩趋稳,长期值得期待。从投资者角度来看,这三家谁更具投资价值?短期来看,股票的价格受到股民情绪、各种消息的综合影响;但是长期来看还是企业内在价值决定的,对于互联网企业来说,这个核心价值体现在用户规模、盈利能力和成长潜力上。1、高增速对比高质量从最新的财报数据来看,爱奇艺、B站、微博三家日活跃用户增速都在预期内。2021年Q4,爱奇艺总订阅会员的日均人数为9700万,同比下降6%;B站日活用户7220万,同比提升34%;微博日活用户2.49亿,同比增长11%。仅看增速B站遥遥领先,但是从绝对值来看,微博是当仁不让的第一,爱奇艺因为“会员涨价”等缘故导致日活下滑也在预料之中。撇开用户质量空谈用户规模毫无意义,所以我们也找到了上述三家公司的用户画像进行对比。一般观念认为,20-40岁的消费者财务独立、更具消费潜力,2022年1月爱奇艺、B站、微博的用户中年龄在24-40岁的用户占比分别为70.17%、20.64%、63.87%。爱奇艺和微博相差不大,而B站的年龄结构与其定位的“Z世代社区”相符。这些用户有多少是真的付费用户,又有多少是“白嫖党”?易观千帆的数据显示,2022年1月,爱奇艺、B站、微博三家中等及以上消费者的占比分别为70.97%、70.58%和78.3%。但是易观并没有明确给出各阶段用户的实际付费区间定义,所以这项数据仅供大家参考,但可以看出三家中等及以上消费者的差别并不大。其实付费用户这一指标对于爱奇艺的意义最大,2021年Q4爱奇艺有55.77%的收入来自会员服务,但用户对平台几乎没有忠诚可言,哪家的内容更有吸引力,消费者自会用脚投票,这是视频平台的逃不开的宿命。同期,B站的“大会员”数量同比增长39%达到2010万,也正是付费用户的增加直接推动了B站的流量变现进程,让“出圈”迎来了收获。微博的主要收入来自广告,所以付费用户的指标并不是微博考察的核心。另一方面,用户黏性也是至关重要。易观千帆数据显示,2021年12月,爱奇艺、B站、微博单用户使用时长分别为150.45分钟、83.45分钟和32.76分钟,这正好对应了三个平台的不同属性,长视频、中视频和社交。同样是在12月,B站APP人均单日启动次数达到13.17次,位列第一,微博(8.89次)和爱奇艺(8.42次)紧随其后。仔细看来,三家的用户规模虽不在一个量级上,但是好在各自的用户“纯度”都很高,黏性也不错。对于爱奇艺和B站两个视频网站来说,用户跟着内容走,内容跟着钱走,所以两家的前期投入都非常高。但是这也没办法,毕竟他们争的不是即时红利,而是持续坐在牌桌上的资格。微博在去年经历了 “清朗行动”、文娱业务转型等关键节点后,“利空出尽”,用户增长趋于稳定,但由于其用户基数已经达到较高水平,跟两家视频平台相比长期增速不占优势。下一阶段,三家公司不约而同地将发力点定为“从高速增长到高质量发展”,这是一个战略性转变。在国内互联网红利见顶的当下,想复制前几年的高增速已经不太可能,如何稳住基本盘、突出发力点值得管理者深思。2、盈利的“暗线”从定性的角度看,微博是三家中唯一实现盈利的,这一点无需质疑。2021年Q4,爱奇艺营收73.89亿元,同比增长-0.93%;净利润为-17.65亿元,同比增长-15.22%。B站营收57.81亿元,同比增长51%;净利润-20.96亿元,同比增长-148.4%。微博营收约38.95亿元(6.16亿美元),同比增长20.04%;归母净利润约7.31亿元(1.157亿美元),同比增长298.5%。只看增速的话,微博是唯一一家营收和归母净利润都正增长的企业,这在全球资本市场充满不确定性的前提下,明显优于另外两家。non-GAAP(非美国通用会计准则)下,爱奇艺、B站、微博三家Q4净利润分别为-10亿元、-16.60亿元和12.35亿元(1.955亿美元),这一数据可以更直观的反映出企业经营状况,爱奇艺亏损收窄,B站亏损大幅增加,微博则同比略降了8%。爱奇艺和B站的亏损已经是个老生常谈的话题了,为了解决连年亏损的问题,爱奇艺在2021年12月进行了大裁员,据报道裁员比例在20%至40%之间;B站董事长陈睿在电话会议上也提出,“近期资本市场动荡,股价波动,但市场和人力成本的投入压力缓解。公司会借此机会,控制支出,降本增效。”一边是爱奇艺、B站“开源节流”,另一边微博在“扩列”。除了已经稳定的盈利模式外,为了寻求更大的空间,微博尝试寻找新的增长点,将电竞与体育纳为其重点布局的垂直内容,并从中吸引更多用户和广告主。与利润对应的是,2021年Q4,爱奇艺、B站和微博的净利率分别为-23.89%、-36.25%和16.25%。究其原因,还是和爱奇艺与B站的商业模式有关。爱奇艺最大的问题是内容制作成本太高,会员涨价后也很难cover住成本,反而会造成“曲高和寡”的局面,把更多人拒在门外。B站过去几年始终没有找到特别好的盈利切口,所以商业化始终不理想,游戏虽然可以赚钱,但是版号难题也一直存在。微博的模式更加单纯,靠广告+增值服务赚钱,做品牌方和用户的“中间人”。疫情之下,企业主更加强调品效合一,投放的转化率和互动性成为重要指标,这让微博这个唯一的广场式社交平台成为“必选项”,使品牌客户始终无法离开微博,转投其他新秀。3、谁更适合投资?爱奇艺、B站、微博三家,分别是长视频、中视频和社交领域的佼佼者,从市占率和用户口碑来看都具有独特的竞争力。但作为投资者,大家更看重的是三家未来的前景。从账面上来看,爱奇艺连年亏损,但是它仍是百度流量的重要入口之一。爱奇艺此次财报也释放了一种“转型”的信号,这种转型就是前面我们所说的“从高速增长到高质量发展”。长视频行业经历十余年发展,已度过了跑马圈地的早期阶段,而是到了挖掘长内容价值的阶段,强调投入与产出的平衡。无独有偶,B站首席财务官樊欣最新财报电话会议中也强调,通过提升单个MAU的变现率和控制运营费用,在2022年开始全年non-GAAP运营亏损率同比收窄,中期目标于2024年实现non-GAAP盈亏平衡。微博也将主要精力放在经营效率提升上,“我们2021年的营收突破20亿美元,经营效率得到进一步提升。2022年,微博将继续提升自身产品功能,丰富平台内容生态,服务更广泛的用户群体。”微博首席执行官王高飞表示。过去的一个季度里,三家企业核心业务趋于稳定,下一阶段“降本增效”后,赚钱成为共同的目标。不管是爱奇艺和B站的给出的盈利时间表,还是微博求稳增长的态度,都在一定程度上显示出疫情给企业增强了现金流意识。同样,各家也存在不同的风险项。最近4年,爱奇艺的平均付费用户收入一直在涨,但会员数量却在下降。创始人龚宇也曾对外承认:“因为内容的缺失,导致了会员数量下降。”B站在资本市场一路高歌,但“福兮祸所伏”。今年1月,B站月活已突破3亿,根据B站定义的Z世代(1995-2009)目标客户群体,再考虑当前我国人口的年龄结构情况,B站的用户增长可能快要触顶了。微博的风险点也很明显,如广告主需求弱于预期、流量平台广告竞争超预期(抖音、快手等平台的流量撕扯)、监管政策风险等。综上,一方面爱奇艺、B站、微博三家在不同领域都有独特的竞争力,用户规模也是垂直赛道中的头部,值得长期期待;另一方面,三家自身的弊病也摆在明面上,内容、用户、客户的三重“围城”持续优化仍在路上,政策监管风险也不得不考虑。从投资角度来看,B站股票发行后,股价经历了四个阶段变化。底部的调整蓄力是第一阶段,上升是第二阶段,股价到157美元之后就回调了,再从底部冲到125美元,形成一个“双高峰”的曲线。爱奇艺的股价图形则相反,它在高位调整以后并没有如愿开启阶段一,反而从顶部直接跌下来,一直下到4美元。这样的颓势主要还是因为公司一直亏损,但是参照海外Netflix(奈飞)的模式,爱奇艺仍有“起飞”可能。微博自美股上市以来也经历了蓄力、上升、回调三个阶段,回调后也有一波小幅拉升,只是推力不足,没有冲到更高的位置。长期来看,爱奇艺亏损有所收窄,随着付费观念加强和爆款的制作,公司有望实现盈利。通过这段时间的开源节流打正现金流,盈利后就可以腾出手来开展下一阶段的工作,也就是九个字:出精品,弱广告、强用户。B站更有想象力,但是不确定性也大。在用户习惯未定型的同时,B站的业务结构也尚不稳定,过去的8个季度里,B站各业务的收入比重一直剧烈变化,难以用货币化锚进行厘定和追踪。相比之下微博最稳定,有成熟的盈利模式,有持续良性增长的潜力。“热点+社交”这一战略逐步落实下来,让微博能够在维持大规模月活基数的同时,深挖黏性用户带来的价值。这也就解释了为何微博的广告业务能够在大盘承压的情况下维持高位增长,甚至能够向新领域扩张。不同的投资标的适合不同的投资者,以上三家谁更值得持有,投资者可自行考量。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1447,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":632164774,"gmtCreate":1646302873847,"gmtModify":1646302873847,"author":{"id":"3566462856924360","authorId":"3566462856924360","name":"嘻嘻哈哈花花","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7c1ea0438639c2cc66eb25a9effe748e","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3566462856924360","authorIdStr":"3566462856924360"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"亏多少?","listText":"亏多少?","text":"亏多少?","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/632164774","repostId":"2216486664","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"2216486664","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1646302224,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2216486664?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-03-03 18:10","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"哔哩哔哩第四季度营收57.8亿元,市场预期57.42亿元","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2216486664","media":"鞭牛士","summary":"鞭牛士 3月3日消息,哔哩哔哩今日发布截至12月31日的2021年第四季度财报及全年财报。财报显示,哔哩哔哩第四季度营收57.8亿元,上年同期营收38.4亿元,市场预期57.42亿元。","content":"<html><body><article><p>鞭牛士 3月3日消息,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BILI\">哔哩哔哩</a>今日发布截至12月31日的2021年第四季度财报及全年财报。财报显示,哔哩哔哩第四季度营收57.8亿元,上年同期营收38.4亿元,市场预期57.42亿元。</p></article></body></html>","source":"tencent","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>哔哩哔哩第四季度营收57.8亿元,市场预期57.42亿元</title>\n<style 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Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"09626":"哔哩哔哩-W","BILI":"哔哩哔哩"},"source_url":"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20220303181307799dbbdb&s=b","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/9a95c1376e76363c1401fee7d3717173","article_id":"2216486664","content_text":"鞭牛士 3月3日消息,哔哩哔哩今日发布截至12月31日的2021年第四季度财报及全年财报。财报显示,哔哩哔哩第四季度营收57.8亿元,上年同期营收38.4亿元,市场预期57.42亿元。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1072,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":632917371,"gmtCreate":1646196891996,"gmtModify":1646196891996,"author":{"id":"3566462856924360","authorId":"3566462856924360","name":"嘻嘻哈哈花花","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7c1ea0438639c2cc66eb25a9effe748e","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3566462856924360","authorIdStr":"3566462856924360"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BILI\">$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$</a>这个增发到底怎么想的?","text":"$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$这个增发到底怎么想的?","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":5,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/876914285","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":6479,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[{"author":{"id":"3571569866937669","authorId":"3571569866937669","name":"而立之年立人立业","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cfdf2a195e6950d62f304bdbaa0207ee","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3571569866937669","authorIdStr":"3571569866937669"},"content":"盈利能力不足,只能靠资本市场输血了,只不过我觉得傻子也不会很多吧,到期有没有行权价值机构投资者肯定也要三思","text":"盈利能力不足,只能靠资本市场输血了,只不过我觉得傻子也不会很多吧,到期有没有行权价值机构投资者肯定也要三思","html":"盈利能力不足,只能靠资本市场输血了,只不过我觉得傻子也不会很多吧,到期有没有行权价值机构投资者肯定也要三思"}],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":876067933,"gmtCreate":1637245853740,"gmtModify":1637245853740,"author":{"id":"3566462856924360","authorId":"3566462856924360","name":"嘻嘻哈哈花花","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7c1ea0438639c2cc66eb25a9effe748e","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3566462856924360","authorIdStr":"3566462856924360"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/01024\">$快手-W(01024)$</a>居然只有七个点,我以为要跳二十个左右。","text":"$快手-W(01024)$居然只有七个点,我以为要跳二十个左右。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":5,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/890737344","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":3354,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[{"author":{"id":"3535457600931860","authorId":"3535457600931860","name":"云端_9453","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8a3352cb83ff051e8941afef15d4aefb","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3535457600931860","authorIdStr":"3535457600931860"},"content":"明天解禁。。","text":"明天解禁。。","html":"明天解禁。。"}],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":680330381,"gmtCreate":1654769198745,"gmtModify":1704860376394,"author":{"id":"3566462856924360","authorId":"3566462856924360","name":"嘻嘻哈哈花花","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7c1ea0438639c2cc66eb25a9effe748e","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3566462856924360","authorIdStr":"3566462856924360"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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stock market headlines, business news, financials and earnings ","home_visible":1,"media_name":"Tiger Newspress","id":"1079075236","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba"},"pubTimestamp":1637237097,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1182661984?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-11-18 20:04","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Bilibili Announces Proposed Offering of US$1,400 Million Convertible Senior Notes","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1182661984","media":"Tiger Newspress","summary":"Bilibili Inc. today announced a proposed offering (the “Notes Offering”) of US$1,400 million in aggr","content":"<p>Bilibili Inc. today announced a proposed offering (the “Notes Offering”) of US$1,400 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Notes”) subject to market conditions and other factors. The Company intends to grant the initial purchasers in the Notes Offering a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional US$200 million principal amount of the Notes.</p>\n<p>The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Notes Offering for the enrichment of content offerings, research and development, and general corporate purposes. The Company plans to use an equivalent amount of the net proceeds from the Notes Offering to finance or refinance, in whole or in part, one or more of its new or existing Eligible Projects pursuant to its Sustainable Finance Framework.</p>\n<p>Bilibili shares fell more than 5% in premarket trading.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e1aa5fd7b0d6eb5c4a6a2e91a0602ae9\" tg-width=\"849\" tg-height=\"622\" width=\"100%\" height=\"auto\"></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Bilibili Announces Proposed Offering of US$1,400 Million Convertible Senior Notes</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nBilibili Announces Proposed Offering of US$1,400 Million Convertible Senior Notes\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/1079075236\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">Tiger Newspress </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-11-18 20:04</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>Bilibili Inc. today announced a proposed offering (the “Notes Offering”) of US$1,400 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Notes”) subject to market conditions and other factors. The Company intends to grant the initial purchasers in the Notes Offering a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional US$200 million principal amount of the Notes.</p>\n<p>The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Notes Offering for the enrichment of content offerings, research and development, and general corporate purposes. The Company plans to use an equivalent amount of the net proceeds from the Notes Offering to finance or refinance, in whole or in part, one or more of its new or existing Eligible Projects pursuant to its Sustainable Finance Framework.</p>\n<p>Bilibili shares fell more than 5% in premarket trading.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e1aa5fd7b0d6eb5c4a6a2e91a0602ae9\" tg-width=\"849\" tg-height=\"622\" width=\"100%\" height=\"auto\"></p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"09626":"哔哩哔哩-W","BILI":"哔哩哔哩"},"is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1182661984","content_text":"Bilibili Inc. today announced a proposed offering (the “Notes Offering”) of US$1,400 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Notes”) subject to market conditions and other factors. The Company intends to grant the initial purchasers in the Notes Offering a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional US$200 million principal amount of the Notes.\nThe Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Notes Offering for the enrichment of content offerings, research and development, and general corporate purposes. The Company plans to use an equivalent amount of the net proceeds from the Notes Offering to finance or refinance, in whole or in part, one or more of its new or existing Eligible Projects pursuant to its Sustainable Finance Framework.\nBilibili shares fell more than 5% in premarket trading.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":320,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":866830014,"gmtCreate":1632751823038,"gmtModify":1632751823038,"author":{"id":"3566462856924360","authorId":"3566462856924360","name":"嘻嘻哈哈花花","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7c1ea0438639c2cc66eb25a9effe748e","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3566462856924360","authorIdStr":"3566462856924360"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BILI\">$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$</a>有人护盘","listText":"<a 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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BILI\">$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$</a>大摩下调叔叔评级了","text":"$哔哩哔哩(BILI)$大摩下调叔叔评级了","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":4,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/694055103","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2620,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[{"author":{"id":"3541796232341104","authorId":"3541796232341104","name":"盘后交易员","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/01a0baa6f9ef57f641120e185427fc2a","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3541796232341104","authorIdStr":"3541796232341104"},"content":"投行反买,别墅靠海","text":"投行反买,别墅靠海","html":"投行反买,别墅靠海"}],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":143775503,"gmtCreate":1625821160802,"gmtModify":1625821160802,"author":{"id":"3566462856924360","authorId":"3566462856924360","name":"嘻嘻哈哈花花","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7c1ea0438639c2cc66eb25a9effe748e","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3566462856924360","authorIdStr":"3566462856924360"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"还是那句话,a是否起得来要看快手是否真的要认真对待b站","listText":"还是那句话,a是否起得来要看快手是否真的要认真对待b站","text":"还是那句话,a是否起得来要看快手是否真的要认真对待b站","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":1,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/143775503","repostId":"2150373731","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"2150373731","kind":"highlight","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"我们来自知名IT和财经媒体,专注于互联网+、电子商务、大数据、万物互联和人工智能。我们关注产业动态,技术趋势和商业变革,我们与你一起,迎接这个科技转变命运的时代。","home_visible":1,"media_name":"懂懂笔记","id":"1066040419","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4e15097abde5468c897d6a3b51f78f1b"},"pubTimestamp":1625806980,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2150373731?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-07-09 13:03","market":"hk","language":"zh","title":"老铁扶不起“萌妹”?","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2150373731","media":"懂懂笔记","summary":"据媒体报道,近期被免职的“猴王”文昊是因为业绩不达标,对于这个结果外界似乎并不奇怪。老铁摸到了天花板?不过崛起于下沉市场的快手,在社区氛围以及内容组成上都稍带一丝“土味”,原本勃发于下沉市场的这种“氛围积淀”,是资本也是负担。","content":"<html><body><div>\n<p><strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><strong><span>撰文</span></strong></span></strong><strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><strong><span> |银时 编辑 |</span></strong></span></strong><strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span> 秦言</span></strong></p><p><span><strong><span>来源:懂懂笔记</span></strong></span></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6adce4529c364deaaca6c95fe9ed1960\"/></p><p><span>最新一任“猴王”离开了。</span></p><p><span>7月5日,据媒体报道称,快手二次元负责人、A站负责人文旻,目前因业绩不达标目前已经从快手离职。</span></p><p><span>文旻离职后并未带走团队,A站业务则划归到运营团队统一管理,由快手小剧场负责人薛苏负责。文旻本人的A站账号“小白可爱多”也在A站发文确认了其离职的消息(亦有消息称文昊早在4月就已经离职。)</span></p><p><span>3年前作为快手内容多元化的重要补充, A站被快手纳入麾下。虽然当时的A站在经历了一连串的资本变动后早就日薄西山,甚至一度因为交不起服务器费用关停闭站,但当时快手的收购消息出现之后,那个中年大叔盯着萝莉微笑的表情包,还是瞬间刷屏了无数年轻人的朋友圈。</span></p><p><span>3年时间过去,带着钱、带着流量的快手是否改变了A站,A站又为快手带来了什么?</span></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a65b1723a8474cc381d87ee578a0debb\"/><strong>长不大的AC娘</strong></p><p><span>当年快手入主A站之后,对其最直接的改变就是帮助它活了下来。这也是为什么一位A站的老员工曾这样向懂懂笔记表示:“当初那个表情包刷屏的时候,我们内部认为自己才是那个中年大叔,而快手是旁边的那个萌妹子。”</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cb576fcb428043e39c36d5cf4b55a11e\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>这位老员工这么说也有点儿道理。毕竟当时的A站虽然顶着“国内首家弹幕视频网站”、“B站的大哥”等名头,但确实已经走到了生死的边缘。而有钱有流量的快手愿意将其收入麾下,对当时在官微喊出那句“我想再活五百年”的A站而言,无疑是一件幸事。</span></p><p><span>商圈无善举,收购的同时压力和期许也加注在A站的身上。</span></p><p><span>据媒体报道,近期被免职的“猴王”文昊是因为业绩不达标,对于这个结果外界似乎并不奇怪。作为前<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NTES\">网易</a>漫画事业部副总经理、2019年空降A站担任负责人的文昊来说,本身扮演的就是一个手捧烫山芋的“救火队长”角色。</span></p><p><span>那么,过去两年文昊这个“救火队长”做对了什么?从用户反馈来看,似乎还是不错的。最起码这两年在快手的加持下,A站完成了底层技术的更新,不再是文昊刚来时那个Web端还在用Flash播放器、底层架构仅仅只能支撑1000万用户的“古老网站”了。</span></p><p><span>从个人投入上来看,笔者认为文昊或许是A站历代“猴王”中最认真的那一个。回顾历代“猴王”,包括创始人Xilin、陈少杰、奥飞、五火、莫然等,似乎都没有将A站真正地作为自己的长期事业而奋斗,不断的资本内斗也让A站这个曾经国内领先的ACG社区变得满目疮痍。</span></p><p><span>所以在很长一段时间里,有不少用户都调侃称“A站最大的成就就是孵化了<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DOYU\">斗鱼</a>和B站”。</span></p><p><span>文昊任内,高频率的UP主调研、形式多样的激励计划、UP召回计划、热门番剧购买……至少从用户感知上,A站稍微恢复了些许生气。一个比较典型的案例就是去年7月番中的热门《租借女友》,其漫画一直都是B站的大热作品,但动画版权却成功被A站拿下。这部作品在当时也为A站拉回了不少老用户。</span></p><p><span>所以,无论是文昊的A站告别文还是贴吧、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/ZH\">知乎</a>这些第三方论坛中的评价,相对前几任来说,A站用户对这位“猴王”整体还是认可的(部分原因是其在任这段时间推动的UP激励计划确实让不少UP赚到钱了)。</span></p><p><span>但是作为一个商业化环境下的互联网企业,部分用户的认可显然是不够的,文昊还需要让他的老板(也就是快手)和投资人满意。从结果来看,尴尬的数据显然没能做到这两点。</span></p><p><span>这是文昊的无奈与悲哀。根据QuestMobile的数据显示,目前A站的DAU不足百万,相比之下主要竞争对手B站的DAU已经超过四千万。当然,快手内部肯定也没想过让A站真的和B站掰掰手腕,只是在A站纳入麾下近3年后(文昊空降也有2年了),其DAU依然只有几十万,这样的结果自然让快手难以接受。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7111344748c74c7e95aa3fe30153a263\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>现在谈及A站的困境,很多用户会将原因归结到今年四月新番由于视听许可证问题大面积的退出播出。</span><span>其实,如果说负面影响的话,手握大量当季新番版权的B站受到的影响远大于A站。</span><span>但是从数据上来看,B站的DAU并没有因为四月新番的大面积推迟而受到影响。</span><span>而A站的DAU在今年4到5月份可是出现一定下滑的。</span></p><p><span>这背后一个重要的原因,是B站已经渡过需要考番剧来维持用户活跃度的阶段,大量的用户基数能保证其每天有足够多的UGC内容产出,而这些涉猎广泛的UGC内容,正是B站用户消费的主体。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3f354e1b1bb44e2bb1b28d44b98c5695\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"/><strong><span>A站能否帮快手撬动二次元?</span></strong></p><p><span>继续在UGC内容上硬扛B站,显然不是A站更不是快手的诉求。</span></p><p><span>毕竟从大咖UP主和创作群体规模上,A站缺乏这样的基础,略显薄弱的用户基数也使得其UGC内容的产出非常稀少,不能形成理想中的UP主—用户—创意内容的自循环,所以A站一直依赖于热门番剧去吸引用户。</span></p><p><span>虽然在番剧购买上A站的资金实力无法和B站相比,但成功拿下《租借女友》的案例也很好表明了,只需要一部优秀的番剧就可以获得更多用户的关注,A站每个季度就是在赌这样的热门番剧。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fd67c75d1e5947ca838e9016f73017e4\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>A站热播番剧《租借女友》</span></p><p><span>换句话说,如果能在这方面有持续的发力,对于快手的破圈才有更大的意义。</span></p><p><span>一方面,随着B站试图打破ACG原有的圈层,一部分对其破圈战略不满的ACG老用户回流到了A站。在他们眼里,A站更加的纯粹,才是他们原本希望的那种单纯的ACG社区。</span></p><p><span>理论上来说,对于一个社区而言,氛围最好的时刻可能就是其诞生之初。因为后续随着非核心用户的增加,千人千面的状态下不管什么变化都会有人反对,也就会有不和谐的声音。</span></p><p><span>尽管优秀的社区应该兼容不一样的声音,让不同的人、不同的理念在一个环境下共同生长,但对于ACGN社区而言,这似乎太过理想,现在B站的确面临着这样的挑战。</span></p><p><span>对于超高粘性的ACG老用户来说,某种意义上他们希望A站能够永远这样小众,也能永远这样的纯粹。</span></p><p><span>但一个残酷的现实是,移动互联网时代是不存在“小而美”的,无论是互联网还是硬件领域。过去我们已经看到过无数曾经梦想小而美的企业最终倒下,这其中就包括A站。“很多人会觉得,你曾经很小体验很好,是不是永远不要长大,这个想法很幼稚。”这段话,来自上市后悟出真理的陈睿。</span></p><p><span>当然,我们现在讨论A站的经营和发展,必须要考虑到快手的存在。</span></p><p><span>从公司体量、流量、资金实力等方面来看,快手都是优于B站的,但快手不可能无止境地给A站输血。</span></p><p><span>UP主是UGC社区产出内容的主力,UP主创作的热情源自哪里?说的直白一点而——无非就是名与利。但以现在A站的状态来看,这两方面它都不能提供给UP主太多助力。自身流量不够大,无法让UP获得更多曝光,没有足够的曝光,UP主就难恰饭。</span></p><p><span>UP用爱发电,与A站靠签约维持UP产出内容的方式,显然都不是长久之计。</span></p><p><span>对于A站而言,在没有坚实用户基础的前提下,只能通过买入更多内容、签约优秀作者的方式来保证足够内容产出。但每一份投入,最后都需要计算ROI。</span></p><p><span>或许快手或者A站内部不要求每个ROI最后都为正,但如数据一直很难看的话,这种投入是很难坚持下去的,最终就会陷入了一个没钱、没人、没流量——更没钱的恶性循环。</span></p><p><strong><span><img arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1d8e4a27d2c944f994aff098d6164aa8\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></span></strong></p><p><strong><span><strong><span><strong><span>老铁摸到了天花板?</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></p><p><span>这一点,是破圈行动中的快手在与竞争对手争抢赛道时最担心的。</span></p><p><span>虽然都是短视频平台,但特殊的用户圈层以及社区环境,让快手相比<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DYIN\">抖音</a>更像一个纯互联网社区。不过崛起于下沉市场的快手,在社区氛围以及内容组成上都稍带一丝“土味”,原本勃发于下沉市场的这种“氛围积淀”,是资本也是负担。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" auto=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c1ea94826d3246a5bc5ba00261f61889\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>近期快手平台互怼事件中的主播“张二嫂和胡闹”</span></p><p><span>当然不是说下沉市场的内容不优秀,只是以辛巴、二驴、方丈这些头部大网红组成的快手头部主播群体,或许有可能不太利于快手打造更高维度的品牌形象。所以,改善内容生态是快手近几年来一直在致力做的事情。</span></p><p><span>3年前,快手以10亿估值的价格收下A站,一个重要的原因就是希望能够借助ACFUN来拓展自己的社区内容、优化自己的社区氛围。毕竟ACG内容背后代表的,是大量高粘性的Z世代用户(年轻时尚消费群体),当初B站上市时就是拿着这一点讲的故事。</span></p><p><span>但三年时间下来,快手依然是那个快手,A站也依然是那个A站,两者看不出太多的化学反应与融合现象。除了快手信息流里A站的广告明显增加之外,二者之间的交集似乎并不多。</span></p><p><span>不可否认的是,这三年时间内,快手一直在尝试通过自身流量来赋能A站,但从结果来看,它并没能像字节那样通过一个拥有巨大流量池的产品矩阵来赋能更多产品,帮助新的App应用快速成长。或许这也是长久以来“快手只有快手”这个老问题的主要原因。</span></p><p><span>A站的现状也说明了一个问题就——快手的原有用户不太喜欢A站。这种状态下,快手只有不断强化自身的竞争力。</span></p><p><span>回顾过去几年快手的大动作,一个主要的战略方向就是寻求内容多元化,说得通俗一点儿,就是和B站一样也在寻求破圈。不同的是,虽然B站的破圈伴随着很多争议,但最起码用户数据、股价和市值几个方面还是相对成功的。而快手的效果显然不是那么理想,这也在一定程度上限制了它的想象空间。</span></p><p><span>这一点在其股价走势上体现的非常明显。截止7月8日收盘,快手股价徘徊在160港元上下,相较其今年2月下旬417港元的最高值,不到5个月的时间股价跌幅超过60%,市值蒸发将近一万亿港元(9852万)港元。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cb3860e2c8724984ab07fdbda00e7d7f\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>2021年2月至今快手股价走势(港股)</span></p><p><span>近日来自<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/MS\">摩根士丹利</a>的报告称:快手追赶竞争对手抖音的步伐不及预期,市场份额的分化将会持续,这会给快手的变现和盈利能力产生影响。摩根士丹利下调公司评级至低配,并调降目标价近57%至130港元。该机构预计快手今明两年的净亏损将均超过120亿元人民币,因细分部门毛利率下降,用户获取成本的上升等。快手股价已八日连跌,最新收盘价为160港元。</span></p><p><span>或许,除了海外市场与TikTok、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/FB\">Facebook</a>的竞争仍然艰苦之外,国内市场内容生态的优化,电商、广告等业务的发展也是巨大的挑战。</span></p><p><span>内容生态上来看,必须承认过去几年快手从引入明星、发力ACG内容到知识类严肃内容,其在内容多元化上做了大量的努力。但从结果来看,这些内容改善并不明显,究其原因或许还得归结到其内容文化上的那两个字——“老铁”。</span></p><p><span>作为最初快手平台上东北老铁的口头禅,快手后期欣然接受了这样称呼,现在快手官方的活动中“老铁”可能是出现频率最高的词。站在旁观者的角度,对于这样不断强化平台自我角色、强化“老铁”标签的做法,其实一直是持保留意见的。因为每一个标签都源自圈层范围,接受的用户能融入这个环境,但同时不断强化的标签也在一定程度上阻挡了那些圈层之外的用户。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b34c3591ac424202a3a661e315237b81\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><strong><span><strong><span><strong><span>赚钱是最重要的大事</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></p><p><span>圈层隔人是正常的,关键的问题是:如果新圈层难以打破(新用户进不来),老的圈层又开始不赚钱(获客成本增加收入停滞),才是最让人担心的。</span></p><p><span>数据显示,2021年年Q1快手的MAU为5.2亿,增长率为5%。</span></p><p><span>与此同时,快手的获客成本却在快速增加。最新财报显示,一季度快手当季营销费用高达116.6亿元,占快手总营收的68.5%,平均每个新增日活用户的成本为486元。去年同期,这个数字只有172元,也就是说过去一年的时间内,快手的单个获客成本增加了将近3倍。</span></p><p><span>很显然,老铁们已经摸到了增长的天花板。</span></p><p><span>用户群体是一个平台发展的基础,而给投资人带来信心的另一个重要来源是盈利能力。现在谈到盈利,对于每个季度还要亏个几十亿的快手而言似乎有点苛刻,但这并不影响我们观察其商业化进程。</span></p><p><span>上市之前,快手营收来源非常单一,2017、2018、2019年三年快手直播打赏的收入占比都维持在80%之上。上市之后,快手的第一任务就是优化自己的营收结构,这和当初的B站如出一辙,而且从某种程度上来说快手做得更为优秀。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e6fda3238be04978b37a3fe13ee4c5d7\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>商业模式的多元化方面,快手选择了直播电商和广告。从效果来看,广告业务的成长最为明显的,今年Q1快手的线上营销服务(广告)业务营收为86亿元,对总收入的贡献首次超过了50%。</span></p><p><span>但值得注意的是,广告业务增长的同时,曾经的主要营收来源——直播业务却没有同步增长。Q1快手的直播业务营收为73亿元,相较于去年同期的90亿元下滑19.5%,环比去年第四季度的98.99亿元下滑幅度更是达到了26%;直播营收减少的同时,付费用户数量也从去年同期的6700万下降至今年一季度的5240万。</span></p><p><span>至于外界都在关注的直播电商业务,目前其仍处在一个声量很大、但贡献较少的阶段。根据快手公布的数据显示,电商业务一季度的GMV将近1200亿元。而包含直播电商在内的企业业务营收,却只有12亿元,粗略估算快手电商的成单率大约也就只有1%左右。</span></p><p><span>如果按照这个标准,快手电商的GMV至少得到7000亿元左右才能真正和直播、广告两个业务三分天下。从快手近期部分顶流大主播接连“翻车”来看,想达成这个目标并不简单。</span></p><p><span>另外,直播电商天生对直播打赏会形成一定的替代和挤压。毕竟用户在主播直播间抢购的同时,很难顾得上再刷几个“跑车”、“游艇”,这种此消彼长肯定是快手不愿意看到的。</span></p><p><span>也许,这正是现在快手对部分头部主播的直播带货有一定限制(规定必须播几场娱乐直播之后才能进行一场直播带货)的主要原因。快手头部主播方丈就曾发视频表示,自己讨厌“4+1”。这里的4+1是指主播必须播4天娱乐直播,一天必须播两场、一场不少于一个小时,完成之后第五天才能卖一次货(但是方丈也只能忍了)。</span></p><p><span>这种规则的背后有快手的焦虑,也有对原本主要业务板块的保护。不过从动作来看,它似乎还没有想出更好的解决办法。</span></p><p><span>不出意外,广告会成为未来快手最重要的营收来源,这也是当初收购A站的主要原因之一。但广告的基础是用户规模、粘性、不同画像等,对于摸到增长天花板、用户多元化又不是那么顺利的快手而言,需要考虑的问题不止A站,而是更多。</span></p><hr arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" normal=\"\" rgb=\"\" rgba=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" scale=\"\" solid=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><strong><span>冷眼旁观 麻辣点评 深入分析</span></strong></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><strong><span>🏻 真诚推荐你关注🏻</span></strong></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/35718c4b292a4d6bad3e39083f734e63\"/></p><p><strong>END</strong></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7b18050bafaf4047940297326a4f6236\"/></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/490067d135bb45c995b0b92da2193043\"/></span></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5e1ab72a685240f49439b33ad572edbc\"/></span></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/02b8e229b9bd4ccea4532626c6d4c0a9\"/></span></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" right=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><strong><strong>来个<span><strong>“分享、<strong><span><strong>点赞、在看”<strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" normal=\"\" rgb=\"\" right=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><strong><span><strong><strong><span></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></span></p>\n</div></body></html>","source":"weixin_highlight","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>老铁扶不起“萌妹”?</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n老铁扶不起“萌妹”?\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/1066040419\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/4e15097abde5468c897d6a3b51f78f1b);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">懂懂笔记 </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-07-09 13:03</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<html><body><div>\n<p><strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><strong><span>撰文</span></strong></span></strong><strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><strong><span> |银时 编辑 |</span></strong></span></strong><strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span> 秦言</span></strong></p><p><span><strong><span>来源:懂懂笔记</span></strong></span></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6adce4529c364deaaca6c95fe9ed1960\"/></p><p><span>最新一任“猴王”离开了。</span></p><p><span>7月5日,据媒体报道称,快手二次元负责人、A站负责人文旻,目前因业绩不达标目前已经从快手离职。</span></p><p><span>文旻离职后并未带走团队,A站业务则划归到运营团队统一管理,由快手小剧场负责人薛苏负责。文旻本人的A站账号“小白可爱多”也在A站发文确认了其离职的消息(亦有消息称文昊早在4月就已经离职。)</span></p><p><span>3年前作为快手内容多元化的重要补充, A站被快手纳入麾下。虽然当时的A站在经历了一连串的资本变动后早就日薄西山,甚至一度因为交不起服务器费用关停闭站,但当时快手的收购消息出现之后,那个中年大叔盯着萝莉微笑的表情包,还是瞬间刷屏了无数年轻人的朋友圈。</span></p><p><span>3年时间过去,带着钱、带着流量的快手是否改变了A站,A站又为快手带来了什么?</span></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a65b1723a8474cc381d87ee578a0debb\"/><strong>长不大的AC娘</strong></p><p><span>当年快手入主A站之后,对其最直接的改变就是帮助它活了下来。这也是为什么一位A站的老员工曾这样向懂懂笔记表示:“当初那个表情包刷屏的时候,我们内部认为自己才是那个中年大叔,而快手是旁边的那个萌妹子。”</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cb576fcb428043e39c36d5cf4b55a11e\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>这位老员工这么说也有点儿道理。毕竟当时的A站虽然顶着“国内首家弹幕视频网站”、“B站的大哥”等名头,但确实已经走到了生死的边缘。而有钱有流量的快手愿意将其收入麾下,对当时在官微喊出那句“我想再活五百年”的A站而言,无疑是一件幸事。</span></p><p><span>商圈无善举,收购的同时压力和期许也加注在A站的身上。</span></p><p><span>据媒体报道,近期被免职的“猴王”文昊是因为业绩不达标,对于这个结果外界似乎并不奇怪。作为前<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NTES\">网易</a>漫画事业部副总经理、2019年空降A站担任负责人的文昊来说,本身扮演的就是一个手捧烫山芋的“救火队长”角色。</span></p><p><span>那么,过去两年文昊这个“救火队长”做对了什么?从用户反馈来看,似乎还是不错的。最起码这两年在快手的加持下,A站完成了底层技术的更新,不再是文昊刚来时那个Web端还在用Flash播放器、底层架构仅仅只能支撑1000万用户的“古老网站”了。</span></p><p><span>从个人投入上来看,笔者认为文昊或许是A站历代“猴王”中最认真的那一个。回顾历代“猴王”,包括创始人Xilin、陈少杰、奥飞、五火、莫然等,似乎都没有将A站真正地作为自己的长期事业而奋斗,不断的资本内斗也让A站这个曾经国内领先的ACG社区变得满目疮痍。</span></p><p><span>所以在很长一段时间里,有不少用户都调侃称“A站最大的成就就是孵化了<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DOYU\">斗鱼</a>和B站”。</span></p><p><span>文昊任内,高频率的UP主调研、形式多样的激励计划、UP召回计划、热门番剧购买……至少从用户感知上,A站稍微恢复了些许生气。一个比较典型的案例就是去年7月番中的热门《租借女友》,其漫画一直都是B站的大热作品,但动画版权却成功被A站拿下。这部作品在当时也为A站拉回了不少老用户。</span></p><p><span>所以,无论是文昊的A站告别文还是贴吧、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/ZH\">知乎</a>这些第三方论坛中的评价,相对前几任来说,A站用户对这位“猴王”整体还是认可的(部分原因是其在任这段时间推动的UP激励计划确实让不少UP赚到钱了)。</span></p><p><span>但是作为一个商业化环境下的互联网企业,部分用户的认可显然是不够的,文昊还需要让他的老板(也就是快手)和投资人满意。从结果来看,尴尬的数据显然没能做到这两点。</span></p><p><span>这是文昊的无奈与悲哀。根据QuestMobile的数据显示,目前A站的DAU不足百万,相比之下主要竞争对手B站的DAU已经超过四千万。当然,快手内部肯定也没想过让A站真的和B站掰掰手腕,只是在A站纳入麾下近3年后(文昊空降也有2年了),其DAU依然只有几十万,这样的结果自然让快手难以接受。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7111344748c74c7e95aa3fe30153a263\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>现在谈及A站的困境,很多用户会将原因归结到今年四月新番由于视听许可证问题大面积的退出播出。</span><span>其实,如果说负面影响的话,手握大量当季新番版权的B站受到的影响远大于A站。</span><span>但是从数据上来看,B站的DAU并没有因为四月新番的大面积推迟而受到影响。</span><span>而A站的DAU在今年4到5月份可是出现一定下滑的。</span></p><p><span>这背后一个重要的原因,是B站已经渡过需要考番剧来维持用户活跃度的阶段,大量的用户基数能保证其每天有足够多的UGC内容产出,而这些涉猎广泛的UGC内容,正是B站用户消费的主体。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3f354e1b1bb44e2bb1b28d44b98c5695\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"/><strong><span>A站能否帮快手撬动二次元?</span></strong></p><p><span>继续在UGC内容上硬扛B站,显然不是A站更不是快手的诉求。</span></p><p><span>毕竟从大咖UP主和创作群体规模上,A站缺乏这样的基础,略显薄弱的用户基数也使得其UGC内容的产出非常稀少,不能形成理想中的UP主—用户—创意内容的自循环,所以A站一直依赖于热门番剧去吸引用户。</span></p><p><span>虽然在番剧购买上A站的资金实力无法和B站相比,但成功拿下《租借女友》的案例也很好表明了,只需要一部优秀的番剧就可以获得更多用户的关注,A站每个季度就是在赌这样的热门番剧。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fd67c75d1e5947ca838e9016f73017e4\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>A站热播番剧《租借女友》</span></p><p><span>换句话说,如果能在这方面有持续的发力,对于快手的破圈才有更大的意义。</span></p><p><span>一方面,随着B站试图打破ACG原有的圈层,一部分对其破圈战略不满的ACG老用户回流到了A站。在他们眼里,A站更加的纯粹,才是他们原本希望的那种单纯的ACG社区。</span></p><p><span>理论上来说,对于一个社区而言,氛围最好的时刻可能就是其诞生之初。因为后续随着非核心用户的增加,千人千面的状态下不管什么变化都会有人反对,也就会有不和谐的声音。</span></p><p><span>尽管优秀的社区应该兼容不一样的声音,让不同的人、不同的理念在一个环境下共同生长,但对于ACGN社区而言,这似乎太过理想,现在B站的确面临着这样的挑战。</span></p><p><span>对于超高粘性的ACG老用户来说,某种意义上他们希望A站能够永远这样小众,也能永远这样的纯粹。</span></p><p><span>但一个残酷的现实是,移动互联网时代是不存在“小而美”的,无论是互联网还是硬件领域。过去我们已经看到过无数曾经梦想小而美的企业最终倒下,这其中就包括A站。“很多人会觉得,你曾经很小体验很好,是不是永远不要长大,这个想法很幼稚。”这段话,来自上市后悟出真理的陈睿。</span></p><p><span>当然,我们现在讨论A站的经营和发展,必须要考虑到快手的存在。</span></p><p><span>从公司体量、流量、资金实力等方面来看,快手都是优于B站的,但快手不可能无止境地给A站输血。</span></p><p><span>UP主是UGC社区产出内容的主力,UP主创作的热情源自哪里?说的直白一点而——无非就是名与利。但以现在A站的状态来看,这两方面它都不能提供给UP主太多助力。自身流量不够大,无法让UP获得更多曝光,没有足够的曝光,UP主就难恰饭。</span></p><p><span>UP用爱发电,与A站靠签约维持UP产出内容的方式,显然都不是长久之计。</span></p><p><span>对于A站而言,在没有坚实用户基础的前提下,只能通过买入更多内容、签约优秀作者的方式来保证足够内容产出。但每一份投入,最后都需要计算ROI。</span></p><p><span>或许快手或者A站内部不要求每个ROI最后都为正,但如数据一直很难看的话,这种投入是很难坚持下去的,最终就会陷入了一个没钱、没人、没流量——更没钱的恶性循环。</span></p><p><strong><span><img arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1d8e4a27d2c944f994aff098d6164aa8\" ui=\"\" visible=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></span></strong></p><p><strong><span><strong><span><strong><span>老铁摸到了天花板?</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></p><p><span>这一点,是破圈行动中的快手在与竞争对手争抢赛道时最担心的。</span></p><p><span>虽然都是短视频平台,但特殊的用户圈层以及社区环境,让快手相比<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DYIN\">抖音</a>更像一个纯互联网社区。不过崛起于下沉市场的快手,在社区氛围以及内容组成上都稍带一丝“土味”,原本勃发于下沉市场的这种“氛围积淀”,是资本也是负担。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" auto=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c1ea94826d3246a5bc5ba00261f61889\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>近期快手平台互怼事件中的主播“张二嫂和胡闹”</span></p><p><span>当然不是说下沉市场的内容不优秀,只是以辛巴、二驴、方丈这些头部大网红组成的快手头部主播群体,或许有可能不太利于快手打造更高维度的品牌形象。所以,改善内容生态是快手近几年来一直在致力做的事情。</span></p><p><span>3年前,快手以10亿估值的价格收下A站,一个重要的原因就是希望能够借助ACFUN来拓展自己的社区内容、优化自己的社区氛围。毕竟ACG内容背后代表的,是大量高粘性的Z世代用户(年轻时尚消费群体),当初B站上市时就是拿着这一点讲的故事。</span></p><p><span>但三年时间下来,快手依然是那个快手,A站也依然是那个A站,两者看不出太多的化学反应与融合现象。除了快手信息流里A站的广告明显增加之外,二者之间的交集似乎并不多。</span></p><p><span>不可否认的是,这三年时间内,快手一直在尝试通过自身流量来赋能A站,但从结果来看,它并没能像字节那样通过一个拥有巨大流量池的产品矩阵来赋能更多产品,帮助新的App应用快速成长。或许这也是长久以来“快手只有快手”这个老问题的主要原因。</span></p><p><span>A站的现状也说明了一个问题就——快手的原有用户不太喜欢A站。这种状态下,快手只有不断强化自身的竞争力。</span></p><p><span>回顾过去几年快手的大动作,一个主要的战略方向就是寻求内容多元化,说得通俗一点儿,就是和B站一样也在寻求破圈。不同的是,虽然B站的破圈伴随着很多争议,但最起码用户数据、股价和市值几个方面还是相对成功的。而快手的效果显然不是那么理想,这也在一定程度上限制了它的想象空间。</span></p><p><span>这一点在其股价走势上体现的非常明显。截止7月8日收盘,快手股价徘徊在160港元上下,相较其今年2月下旬417港元的最高值,不到5个月的时间股价跌幅超过60%,市值蒸发将近一万亿港元(9852万)港元。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cb3860e2c8724984ab07fdbda00e7d7f\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>2021年2月至今快手股价走势(港股)</span></p><p><span>近日来自<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/MS\">摩根士丹利</a>的报告称:快手追赶竞争对手抖音的步伐不及预期,市场份额的分化将会持续,这会给快手的变现和盈利能力产生影响。摩根士丹利下调公司评级至低配,并调降目标价近57%至130港元。该机构预计快手今明两年的净亏损将均超过120亿元人民币,因细分部门毛利率下降,用户获取成本的上升等。快手股价已八日连跌,最新收盘价为160港元。</span></p><p><span>或许,除了海外市场与TikTok、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/FB\">Facebook</a>的竞争仍然艰苦之外,国内市场内容生态的优化,电商、广告等业务的发展也是巨大的挑战。</span></p><p><span>内容生态上来看,必须承认过去几年快手从引入明星、发力ACG内容到知识类严肃内容,其在内容多元化上做了大量的努力。但从结果来看,这些内容改善并不明显,究其原因或许还得归结到其内容文化上的那两个字——“老铁”。</span></p><p><span>作为最初快手平台上东北老铁的口头禅,快手后期欣然接受了这样称呼,现在快手官方的活动中“老铁”可能是出现频率最高的词。站在旁观者的角度,对于这样不断强化平台自我角色、强化“老铁”标签的做法,其实一直是持保留意见的。因为每一个标签都源自圈层范围,接受的用户能融入这个环境,但同时不断强化的标签也在一定程度上阻挡了那些圈层之外的用户。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b34c3591ac424202a3a661e315237b81\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><strong><span><strong><span><strong><span>赚钱是最重要的大事</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong></p><p><span>圈层隔人是正常的,关键的问题是:如果新圈层难以打破(新用户进不来),老的圈层又开始不赚钱(获客成本增加收入停滞),才是最让人担心的。</span></p><p><span>数据显示,2021年年Q1快手的MAU为5.2亿,增长率为5%。</span></p><p><span>与此同时,快手的获客成本却在快速增加。最新财报显示,一季度快手当季营销费用高达116.6亿元,占快手总营收的68.5%,平均每个新增日活用户的成本为486元。去年同期,这个数字只有172元,也就是说过去一年的时间内,快手的单个获客成本增加了将近3倍。</span></p><p><span>很显然,老铁们已经摸到了增长的天花板。</span></p><p><span>用户群体是一个平台发展的基础,而给投资人带来信心的另一个重要来源是盈利能力。现在谈到盈利,对于每个季度还要亏个几十亿的快手而言似乎有点苛刻,但这并不影响我们观察其商业化进程。</span></p><p><span>上市之前,快手营收来源非常单一,2017、2018、2019年三年快手直播打赏的收入占比都维持在80%之上。上市之后,快手的第一任务就是优化自己的营收结构,这和当初的B站如出一辙,而且从某种程度上来说快手做得更为优秀。</span></p><p><img arial=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e6fda3238be04978b37a3fe13ee4c5d7\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/></p><p><span>商业模式的多元化方面,快手选择了直播电商和广告。从效果来看,广告业务的成长最为明显的,今年Q1快手的线上营销服务(广告)业务营收为86亿元,对总收入的贡献首次超过了50%。</span></p><p><span>但值得注意的是,广告业务增长的同时,曾经的主要营收来源——直播业务却没有同步增长。Q1快手的直播业务营收为73亿元,相较于去年同期的90亿元下滑19.5%,环比去年第四季度的98.99亿元下滑幅度更是达到了26%;直播营收减少的同时,付费用户数量也从去年同期的6700万下降至今年一季度的5240万。</span></p><p><span>至于外界都在关注的直播电商业务,目前其仍处在一个声量很大、但贡献较少的阶段。根据快手公布的数据显示,电商业务一季度的GMV将近1200亿元。而包含直播电商在内的企业业务营收,却只有12亿元,粗略估算快手电商的成单率大约也就只有1%左右。</span></p><p><span>如果按照这个标准,快手电商的GMV至少得到7000亿元左右才能真正和直播、广告两个业务三分天下。从快手近期部分顶流大主播接连“翻车”来看,想达成这个目标并不简单。</span></p><p><span>另外,直播电商天生对直播打赏会形成一定的替代和挤压。毕竟用户在主播直播间抢购的同时,很难顾得上再刷几个“跑车”、“游艇”,这种此消彼长肯定是快手不愿意看到的。</span></p><p><span>也许,这正是现在快手对部分头部主播的直播带货有一定限制(规定必须播几场娱乐直播之后才能进行一场直播带货)的主要原因。快手头部主播方丈就曾发视频表示,自己讨厌“4+1”。这里的4+1是指主播必须播4天娱乐直播,一天必须播两场、一场不少于一个小时,完成之后第五天才能卖一次货(但是方丈也只能忍了)。</span></p><p><span>这种规则的背后有快手的焦虑,也有对原本主要业务板块的保护。不过从动作来看,它似乎还没有想出更好的解决办法。</span></p><p><span>不出意外,广告会成为未来快手最重要的营收来源,这也是当初收购A站的主要原因之一。但广告的基础是用户规模、粘性、不同画像等,对于摸到增长天花板、用户多元化又不是那么顺利的快手而言,需要考虑的问题不止A站,而是更多。</span></p><hr arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" normal=\"\" rgb=\"\" rgba=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" scale=\"\" solid=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"/><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><strong><span>冷眼旁观 麻辣点评 深入分析</span></strong></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><strong><span>🏻 真诚推荐你关注🏻</span></strong></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/35718c4b292a4d6bad3e39083f734e63\"/></p><p><strong>END</strong></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7b18050bafaf4047940297326a4f6236\"/></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/490067d135bb45c995b0b92da2193043\"/></span></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5e1ab72a685240f49439b33ad572edbc\"/></span></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" center=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/02b8e229b9bd4ccea4532626c6d4c0a9\"/></span></p><p arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" rgb=\"\" right=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><span><strong><strong>来个<span><strong>“分享、<strong><span><strong>点赞、在看”<strong arial=\"\" border-box=\"\" break-word=\"\" gb=\"\" helvetica=\"\" neue=\"\" normal=\"\" rgb=\"\" right=\"\" sans=\"\" sans-serif=\"\" sc=\"\" ui=\"\" yahei=\"\"><strong><span><strong><strong><span></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></span></p>\n</div></body></html>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/85b27e74fe34a252689a2e1f84553a0e","relate_stocks":{"09626":"哔哩哔哩-W","BILI":"哔哩哔哩","01024":"快手-W"},"source_url":"http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MDcwODk1NQ==&mid=2648051321&idx=2&sn=4866c5bde95afddcdc120900d891bef8&chksm=be620bcd891582db943929a1346cc90c7e965da59d90aeda32697aef6167ecc8a5eef39c229d&scene=0#rd","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/ecd74548980bc5b366aa8f4b37ed0bd5","article_id":"2150373731","content_text":"撰文 |银时 编辑 | 秦言来源:懂懂笔记最新一任“猴王”离开了。7月5日,据媒体报道称,快手二次元负责人、A站负责人文旻,目前因业绩不达标目前已经从快手离职。文旻离职后并未带走团队,A站业务则划归到运营团队统一管理,由快手小剧场负责人薛苏负责。文旻本人的A站账号“小白可爱多”也在A站发文确认了其离职的消息(亦有消息称文昊早在4月就已经离职。)3年前作为快手内容多元化的重要补充, A站被快手纳入麾下。虽然当时的A站在经历了一连串的资本变动后早就日薄西山,甚至一度因为交不起服务器费用关停闭站,但当时快手的收购消息出现之后,那个中年大叔盯着萝莉微笑的表情包,还是瞬间刷屏了无数年轻人的朋友圈。3年时间过去,带着钱、带着流量的快手是否改变了A站,A站又为快手带来了什么?长不大的AC娘当年快手入主A站之后,对其最直接的改变就是帮助它活了下来。这也是为什么一位A站的老员工曾这样向懂懂笔记表示:“当初那个表情包刷屏的时候,我们内部认为自己才是那个中年大叔,而快手是旁边的那个萌妹子。”这位老员工这么说也有点儿道理。毕竟当时的A站虽然顶着“国内首家弹幕视频网站”、“B站的大哥”等名头,但确实已经走到了生死的边缘。而有钱有流量的快手愿意将其收入麾下,对当时在官微喊出那句“我想再活五百年”的A站而言,无疑是一件幸事。商圈无善举,收购的同时压力和期许也加注在A站的身上。据媒体报道,近期被免职的“猴王”文昊是因为业绩不达标,对于这个结果外界似乎并不奇怪。作为前网易漫画事业部副总经理、2019年空降A站担任负责人的文昊来说,本身扮演的就是一个手捧烫山芋的“救火队长”角色。那么,过去两年文昊这个“救火队长”做对了什么?从用户反馈来看,似乎还是不错的。最起码这两年在快手的加持下,A站完成了底层技术的更新,不再是文昊刚来时那个Web端还在用Flash播放器、底层架构仅仅只能支撑1000万用户的“古老网站”了。从个人投入上来看,笔者认为文昊或许是A站历代“猴王”中最认真的那一个。回顾历代“猴王”,包括创始人Xilin、陈少杰、奥飞、五火、莫然等,似乎都没有将A站真正地作为自己的长期事业而奋斗,不断的资本内斗也让A站这个曾经国内领先的ACG社区变得满目疮痍。所以在很长一段时间里,有不少用户都调侃称“A站最大的成就就是孵化了斗鱼和B站”。文昊任内,高频率的UP主调研、形式多样的激励计划、UP召回计划、热门番剧购买……至少从用户感知上,A站稍微恢复了些许生气。一个比较典型的案例就是去年7月番中的热门《租借女友》,其漫画一直都是B站的大热作品,但动画版权却成功被A站拿下。这部作品在当时也为A站拉回了不少老用户。所以,无论是文昊的A站告别文还是贴吧、知乎这些第三方论坛中的评价,相对前几任来说,A站用户对这位“猴王”整体还是认可的(部分原因是其在任这段时间推动的UP激励计划确实让不少UP赚到钱了)。但是作为一个商业化环境下的互联网企业,部分用户的认可显然是不够的,文昊还需要让他的老板(也就是快手)和投资人满意。从结果来看,尴尬的数据显然没能做到这两点。这是文昊的无奈与悲哀。根据QuestMobile的数据显示,目前A站的DAU不足百万,相比之下主要竞争对手B站的DAU已经超过四千万。当然,快手内部肯定也没想过让A站真的和B站掰掰手腕,只是在A站纳入麾下近3年后(文昊空降也有2年了),其DAU依然只有几十万,这样的结果自然让快手难以接受。现在谈及A站的困境,很多用户会将原因归结到今年四月新番由于视听许可证问题大面积的退出播出。其实,如果说负面影响的话,手握大量当季新番版权的B站受到的影响远大于A站。但是从数据上来看,B站的DAU并没有因为四月新番的大面积推迟而受到影响。而A站的DAU在今年4到5月份可是出现一定下滑的。这背后一个重要的原因,是B站已经渡过需要考番剧来维持用户活跃度的阶段,大量的用户基数能保证其每天有足够多的UGC内容产出,而这些涉猎广泛的UGC内容,正是B站用户消费的主体。A站能否帮快手撬动二次元?继续在UGC内容上硬扛B站,显然不是A站更不是快手的诉求。毕竟从大咖UP主和创作群体规模上,A站缺乏这样的基础,略显薄弱的用户基数也使得其UGC内容的产出非常稀少,不能形成理想中的UP主—用户—创意内容的自循环,所以A站一直依赖于热门番剧去吸引用户。虽然在番剧购买上A站的资金实力无法和B站相比,但成功拿下《租借女友》的案例也很好表明了,只需要一部优秀的番剧就可以获得更多用户的关注,A站每个季度就是在赌这样的热门番剧。A站热播番剧《租借女友》换句话说,如果能在这方面有持续的发力,对于快手的破圈才有更大的意义。一方面,随着B站试图打破ACG原有的圈层,一部分对其破圈战略不满的ACG老用户回流到了A站。在他们眼里,A站更加的纯粹,才是他们原本希望的那种单纯的ACG社区。理论上来说,对于一个社区而言,氛围最好的时刻可能就是其诞生之初。因为后续随着非核心用户的增加,千人千面的状态下不管什么变化都会有人反对,也就会有不和谐的声音。尽管优秀的社区应该兼容不一样的声音,让不同的人、不同的理念在一个环境下共同生长,但对于ACGN社区而言,这似乎太过理想,现在B站的确面临着这样的挑战。对于超高粘性的ACG老用户来说,某种意义上他们希望A站能够永远这样小众,也能永远这样的纯粹。但一个残酷的现实是,移动互联网时代是不存在“小而美”的,无论是互联网还是硬件领域。过去我们已经看到过无数曾经梦想小而美的企业最终倒下,这其中就包括A站。“很多人会觉得,你曾经很小体验很好,是不是永远不要长大,这个想法很幼稚。”这段话,来自上市后悟出真理的陈睿。当然,我们现在讨论A站的经营和发展,必须要考虑到快手的存在。从公司体量、流量、资金实力等方面来看,快手都是优于B站的,但快手不可能无止境地给A站输血。UP主是UGC社区产出内容的主力,UP主创作的热情源自哪里?说的直白一点而——无非就是名与利。但以现在A站的状态来看,这两方面它都不能提供给UP主太多助力。自身流量不够大,无法让UP获得更多曝光,没有足够的曝光,UP主就难恰饭。UP用爱发电,与A站靠签约维持UP产出内容的方式,显然都不是长久之计。对于A站而言,在没有坚实用户基础的前提下,只能通过买入更多内容、签约优秀作者的方式来保证足够内容产出。但每一份投入,最后都需要计算ROI。或许快手或者A站内部不要求每个ROI最后都为正,但如数据一直很难看的话,这种投入是很难坚持下去的,最终就会陷入了一个没钱、没人、没流量——更没钱的恶性循环。老铁摸到了天花板?这一点,是破圈行动中的快手在与竞争对手争抢赛道时最担心的。虽然都是短视频平台,但特殊的用户圈层以及社区环境,让快手相比抖音更像一个纯互联网社区。不过崛起于下沉市场的快手,在社区氛围以及内容组成上都稍带一丝“土味”,原本勃发于下沉市场的这种“氛围积淀”,是资本也是负担。近期快手平台互怼事件中的主播“张二嫂和胡闹”当然不是说下沉市场的内容不优秀,只是以辛巴、二驴、方丈这些头部大网红组成的快手头部主播群体,或许有可能不太利于快手打造更高维度的品牌形象。所以,改善内容生态是快手近几年来一直在致力做的事情。3年前,快手以10亿估值的价格收下A站,一个重要的原因就是希望能够借助ACFUN来拓展自己的社区内容、优化自己的社区氛围。毕竟ACG内容背后代表的,是大量高粘性的Z世代用户(年轻时尚消费群体),当初B站上市时就是拿着这一点讲的故事。但三年时间下来,快手依然是那个快手,A站也依然是那个A站,两者看不出太多的化学反应与融合现象。除了快手信息流里A站的广告明显增加之外,二者之间的交集似乎并不多。不可否认的是,这三年时间内,快手一直在尝试通过自身流量来赋能A站,但从结果来看,它并没能像字节那样通过一个拥有巨大流量池的产品矩阵来赋能更多产品,帮助新的App应用快速成长。或许这也是长久以来“快手只有快手”这个老问题的主要原因。A站的现状也说明了一个问题就——快手的原有用户不太喜欢A站。这种状态下,快手只有不断强化自身的竞争力。回顾过去几年快手的大动作,一个主要的战略方向就是寻求内容多元化,说得通俗一点儿,就是和B站一样也在寻求破圈。不同的是,虽然B站的破圈伴随着很多争议,但最起码用户数据、股价和市值几个方面还是相对成功的。而快手的效果显然不是那么理想,这也在一定程度上限制了它的想象空间。这一点在其股价走势上体现的非常明显。截止7月8日收盘,快手股价徘徊在160港元上下,相较其今年2月下旬417港元的最高值,不到5个月的时间股价跌幅超过60%,市值蒸发将近一万亿港元(9852万)港元。2021年2月至今快手股价走势(港股)近日来自摩根士丹利的报告称:快手追赶竞争对手抖音的步伐不及预期,市场份额的分化将会持续,这会给快手的变现和盈利能力产生影响。摩根士丹利下调公司评级至低配,并调降目标价近57%至130港元。该机构预计快手今明两年的净亏损将均超过120亿元人民币,因细分部门毛利率下降,用户获取成本的上升等。快手股价已八日连跌,最新收盘价为160港元。或许,除了海外市场与TikTok、Facebook的竞争仍然艰苦之外,国内市场内容生态的优化,电商、广告等业务的发展也是巨大的挑战。内容生态上来看,必须承认过去几年快手从引入明星、发力ACG内容到知识类严肃内容,其在内容多元化上做了大量的努力。但从结果来看,这些内容改善并不明显,究其原因或许还得归结到其内容文化上的那两个字——“老铁”。作为最初快手平台上东北老铁的口头禅,快手后期欣然接受了这样称呼,现在快手官方的活动中“老铁”可能是出现频率最高的词。站在旁观者的角度,对于这样不断强化平台自我角色、强化“老铁”标签的做法,其实一直是持保留意见的。因为每一个标签都源自圈层范围,接受的用户能融入这个环境,但同时不断强化的标签也在一定程度上阻挡了那些圈层之外的用户。赚钱是最重要的大事圈层隔人是正常的,关键的问题是:如果新圈层难以打破(新用户进不来),老的圈层又开始不赚钱(获客成本增加收入停滞),才是最让人担心的。数据显示,2021年年Q1快手的MAU为5.2亿,增长率为5%。与此同时,快手的获客成本却在快速增加。最新财报显示,一季度快手当季营销费用高达116.6亿元,占快手总营收的68.5%,平均每个新增日活用户的成本为486元。去年同期,这个数字只有172元,也就是说过去一年的时间内,快手的单个获客成本增加了将近3倍。很显然,老铁们已经摸到了增长的天花板。用户群体是一个平台发展的基础,而给投资人带来信心的另一个重要来源是盈利能力。现在谈到盈利,对于每个季度还要亏个几十亿的快手而言似乎有点苛刻,但这并不影响我们观察其商业化进程。上市之前,快手营收来源非常单一,2017、2018、2019年三年快手直播打赏的收入占比都维持在80%之上。上市之后,快手的第一任务就是优化自己的营收结构,这和当初的B站如出一辙,而且从某种程度上来说快手做得更为优秀。商业模式的多元化方面,快手选择了直播电商和广告。从效果来看,广告业务的成长最为明显的,今年Q1快手的线上营销服务(广告)业务营收为86亿元,对总收入的贡献首次超过了50%。但值得注意的是,广告业务增长的同时,曾经的主要营收来源——直播业务却没有同步增长。Q1快手的直播业务营收为73亿元,相较于去年同期的90亿元下滑19.5%,环比去年第四季度的98.99亿元下滑幅度更是达到了26%;直播营收减少的同时,付费用户数量也从去年同期的6700万下降至今年一季度的5240万。至于外界都在关注的直播电商业务,目前其仍处在一个声量很大、但贡献较少的阶段。根据快手公布的数据显示,电商业务一季度的GMV将近1200亿元。而包含直播电商在内的企业业务营收,却只有12亿元,粗略估算快手电商的成单率大约也就只有1%左右。如果按照这个标准,快手电商的GMV至少得到7000亿元左右才能真正和直播、广告两个业务三分天下。从快手近期部分顶流大主播接连“翻车”来看,想达成这个目标并不简单。另外,直播电商天生对直播打赏会形成一定的替代和挤压。毕竟用户在主播直播间抢购的同时,很难顾得上再刷几个“跑车”、“游艇”,这种此消彼长肯定是快手不愿意看到的。也许,这正是现在快手对部分头部主播的直播带货有一定限制(规定必须播几场娱乐直播之后才能进行一场直播带货)的主要原因。快手头部主播方丈就曾发视频表示,自己讨厌“4+1”。这里的4+1是指主播必须播4天娱乐直播,一天必须播两场、一场不少于一个小时,完成之后第五天才能卖一次货(但是方丈也只能忍了)。这种规则的背后有快手的焦虑,也有对原本主要业务板块的保护。不过从动作来看,它似乎还没有想出更好的解决办法。不出意外,广告会成为未来快手最重要的营收来源,这也是当初收购A站的主要原因之一。但广告的基础是用户规模、粘性、不同画像等,对于摸到增长天花板、用户多元化又不是那么顺利的快手而言,需要考虑的问题不止A站,而是更多。冷眼旁观 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