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Eagles
2020-04-15
牛皮吹的非常不错👍
打不过特斯拉,就是大结局
Eagles
2019-06-28
$中烟香港(06055)$ 为什么没空票
Eagles
2019-04-16
$特斯拉(TSLA)$今晚等我
Eagles
2019-04-16
$蔚来(NIO)$3.7等你
Eagles
2019-04-11
$贵州茅台(600519)$为什么老虎不能做空a股
Eagles
2019-01-11
期货好像还不能买?我是新手,确认下
去老虎APP查看更多动态
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11:22","market":"hk","language":"zh","title":"打不过特斯拉,就是大结局","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2027620161","media":"创事记","summary":"欢迎关注“创事记”微信订阅号:sinachuangshiji 文/二说 来源:二说(ID:chongershuo) 过去30年,只有中国互联网击败了美国入侵者。 淘宝、天猫击退eBay和亚马逊","content":"<html><body><div><img src=\"http://k.sinaimg.cn/n/tech/crawl/116/w550h366/20200415/2a8f-isehnnk5598748.png/w2048fin.jpg\"/></div><p> <span>欢迎关注“创事记”微信订阅号:sinachuangshiji</span></p><p> 文/二说</p><p> 来源:二说(ID:chongershuo)</p><p> 过去30年,只有中国互联网击败了美国入侵者。</p><p> 淘宝、天猫击退<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/EBAY\">eBay</a>和<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AMZN\">亚马逊</a>,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">百度</a>“赶”跑<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/GOOG\">谷歌</a>,QQ消灭MSN,滴滴吃掉Uber中国,Tiktok还反攻美国本土。</p><p> <strong>可以说,房地产给中国经济挖的坑,全被互联网填平了。</strong></p><p> 但在一个14万亿规模的全新市场,多达500家中国创新公司的集团冲锋(创始人不乏BAT出身的老兵),却被一家美国企业打败。</p><p> 这就是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>。</p><p> 早在2013年雷军就两次跑到硅谷拜会马斯克,他自己也买了4辆特斯拉,1辆自用,1辆放在美国,另外2辆给了还没豹变的傅盛和尚未加入阿里的俞永福,中国创新圈早就准备逆向研发了。</p><p> <strong>但7年后小米电动车不见踪影,特斯拉倒是逃过无数黑点幸存下来。</strong></p><p> 去年德国汽车管理中心(CAM)确认特斯拉是全球最大新能源车企,交付36.7万辆,主攻B端却受累于补贴退坡的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002594\">比亚迪</a>位居次席,交付21.6万辆。</p><p> 特斯拉在中国市场也占据优势。</p><p> 去年新能源汽车总上牌数120万辆,其中乘用车86万辆,但相当一部分B端补贴产品,为反映C端实销情况,造车新势力一般都习惯用“上险量”的概念。</p><p> 按这个标准,特斯拉去年国内交付45345辆绝对领先,12月交付的国产特斯拉尚未计入,榜单15位开外的公司都是个位数,已无统计价值,在全年进口的5.6万辆新能源车中特斯拉也贡献了8成。</p><div><img src=\"http://k.sinaimg.cn/n/tech/crawl/102/w550h352/20200415/507c-isehnnk5598820.png/w2048fin.jpg\"/></div><p> 今年数据更吓人。</p><p> 乘联会的3月销量几乎一夜跌回十年前,特斯拉却拿到双冠,Model 3不但以10160辆的月销登顶新能源汽车榜单,还在高端轿车分项力压宝马5系、奥迪A6和奔驰C级,这是BBA二十年来第一次被赶下神坛,过去被视为门口野蛮人的特斯拉,俨然已是全球车坛翘楚。</p><div><img src=\"http://k.sinaimg.cn/n/tech/crawl/772/w482h290/20200415/b3e9-isehnnk5598875.png/w2048fin.jpg\"/></div><p> 对造车新势力来说,特斯拉就像一个漏斗,虹吸了大部分资金、用户和供应链,虽然它的市值从高点回落,仍有1200亿美元,超过<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BA\">波音</a>成为美国最大工业公司,上海浦东临港的特斯拉二期已然破土而出,更别说供应链正拼命挤进马斯克的朋友圈。</p><p> 特斯拉有多风光,友商就有多落寞,如果评选史上“最不争气的中国创新”,造车新势力绝对领先于共享单车,后者至少曾经引领了创新热潮。</p><p> 但很多人心头都有一个疑问,假使特斯拉是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>,马斯克是乔布斯第二,难道不应该有小米式机会吗?这肯定也让李斌、何小鹏睡不着觉。</p><p> <strong>回头再看,手机的逻辑其实很简单。</strong></p><p> 1、零部件复用率高,只要你有能力放出订单,不愁拿不到顶尖资源;</p><p> 2、行业处于成熟期,拼的都是局部体验优化,这是中国公司的强项;</p><p> 3、只要精心安排产品生命周期,就能通过迭代建立长效收割机制,以<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QCOM\">高通</a>骁龙801为例,小米3/4/note都在用,中间相隔15个月,即便不考虑摩尔规律,照样可以赚钱;</p><p> 这3条包括罗永浩都没做到,但雷军实现了,2011年小米出货30万台,2012年719万台,2013年1870万台,2014年6560万台,直到2015年小米吃光互联网红利,连遭华为和OV狙击,出货量完全停滞,雷军才急了,转而开发MIX,重新占领制高点。</p><p> <strong>新能源车正相反,所有高速路都被堵死了。</strong></p><p> 2003年成立的特斯拉用了5年才搞出第一款概念跑车,又花了5年才造出真正属于大众消费的Model S,在风口上一跑就是10年。</p><p> <strong>1、只有苹果式生存,没有小米式机会。</strong></p><p> 这一点大家都看透了,所以产品策略都是先打高,再就低,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NIO\">蔚来</a>也是先出了EP9在纽北套圈,然后才是ES8,最后是ES6,更别说那一堆出手就是超跑的公司了。</p><p> 原因很简单,你根本没有遏制成本的手段,新能源车的电池系统占据整车成本的30-50%,据说到2030年可以下降到18%,前提是你能活到那个时候。</p><p> 造车新势力扎堆乘用车,只能用能量密度较高的三元锂,商用车倒可以用便宜的磷酸铁锂,但变成另一个比亚迪有什么意义?何况你还打不过现成的比亚迪。</p><p> 在电池的四大主材中,正极材料又占总成本的40%,三元锂就是NCA(镍钴铝)和NCM(镍钴锰)之争,钴是稀有金属,主要产地在刚果,供给存在极大不确定性,1kg正极材料中,钴的成本是12美元,锂8美元,镍5 美元,这是硬成本无法压缩。</p><p> 够资格洗牌的只有特斯拉,因为马斯克一直在研究无钴电池,据说4月20日的“电池日”即将宣布重大突破,这应该是特斯拉此前收购的Maxwell和Hibar的研究成果,外界普遍估计是新型高镍正极+预锂化负极+干电池技术+超级电容的新型锂离子电池,也可能是CTP技术的超级磷酸铁锂电池,搞的整个行业既兴奋又恐惧。</p><p> 不管真相如何,这事与其他造车新势力都没有半毛钱关系,大家都是观众,顶多发条弹幕吐槽一下。</p><p> <strong>2、电池厂还在抢班夺权。</strong></p><p> 电池装车有一个从电芯(CELL)到模组(Module)再到电池包(Pack)的过程,一般有野心的车企都会死保Pack控制权,蔚来也是由旗下的苏州正力在做。</p><p> 以前电池厂商安于现状,对此并不反对,但如今补贴退坡,每一分钱就要精打细算,所以CTP技术浮出水面,所谓CTP就是从CELL直接到Pack,这当然有利于降低成本,但结果是电池厂商话语权大涨,相当于从车企接管了电池系统设计、制造和维护的主导权,比亚迪就在大力宣传刀片电池,表面是通过新技术复活磷酸铁锂,深层次也是在重新定义自己在新能源行业中的角色。</p><div><img src=\"http://k.sinaimg.cn/n/tech/crawl/35/w550h285/20200415/dac6-isehnnk5598938.jpg/w2048fin.jpg\"/></div><p> 这对特斯拉以及其他原本自己要做电池的传统车企影响不大,但对于其他造车新势力就是灭顶之灾,用脚后跟想想也知道,所谓新能源车闪着金光的不就是新能源三字吗?如果连Pack都没有自主权,你好意思谈创新?</p><p> <strong>3、新能源供应链比手机更功利。</strong></p><p> 基本上大家都是围着特斯拉团团转,把其他造车新势力划入骗子一类,生怕哪天像贾老板一样跑路,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300750\">宁德时代</a>还自曝要求某些公司必须预付款才能提货。</p><p> 这是造车新势力成本畸高的原因之一,蔚来的单车销售成本折算下来高达43.88万元,蔚来4年烧了300亿元,现金流失如此之快就不奇怪了。</p><p> 而且在“以销定产”的大背景下,你越是缩减订单,上游产业链越是本能的向头部企业集中,形成恶性循环。</p><p> <strong>也有人觉得,疫情提供了反击特斯拉的最后机会。</strong></p><p> 现在的汽车市场差不多是几十年来最差了,按中汽协的数据,今年首季国内汽车产销分别下降45.2%和42.4%,政策组合拳已经基本出清,发改委要求稳定汽车等大宗消费;商务部要求优化限购措施,加强充电站建设;财政部将原本今年到期的新能源汽车购置补贴和免征购置税延长2年;生态环境部推迟了尚未实施国6地区的时间表。</p><p> 但需求回暖,特斯拉比友商更受益,反之亦然。</p><p> 因为上海特斯拉的存在,利用“某种情绪”展开攻击已经行不通了,毕竟特斯拉可以失败,上海特斯拉不能失败,马斯克在中国拿到了多家银行的197.5亿元的资金支持,在向美国SEC递交的报告也证明获得了8500万美元的certain incentives(奖励补助)。</p><p> 油价因素也很难成为变量。</p><p> 2014年国际油价在每桶100美元左右,去年是50美元,最近已经跌到20美元左右,水比油贵成了事实,即便OPEC刚刚达成了限产保价协议,油价长期低迷也是注定的。</p><div><img src=\"http://k.sinaimg.cn/n/tech/crawl/59/w550h309/20200415/938d-isehnnk5599006.jpg/w2048fin.jpg\"/></div><p> 上海工程技术大学汽车与机械工程学院教师刘淼曾经作过测算,即便92号汽油跌到5元,新能源车每百公里的行驶成本仍然比燃油车低的多,能否顶住冲击,不取决于油价只取决于车企的产品力。</p><p> 除了特斯拉,去年销量破万的造车新势力只有蔚来、小鹏、威马、合众四家,不过也处于无定价权、无议价能力、无核心技术的三无状态,遑论其他。</p><p> 更可怕的是内部军心不稳,大量从传统车企跳槽过来的高管倦鸟归巢,纷纷重返老家,用户心态也变了,皮实耐用的产品理念重新抬头,即使被互联网培育的尝鲜一族也产生了避险情绪,不敢选择小众品牌。</p><p> 未来造车新势力将不得不在传统车企和特斯拉的夹缝中重新卡位。</p><p> 既然成本不能压缩,就只能通过走量达到盈亏平衡点,原来车和家估计,40万元的理想ONE必须年销5万才能活下去,现在看来并不现实,但如果下探到十几万元的区间,又面临与比亚迪、北汽开战,真是进退两难。</p><p> <strong>所以找到政策性金主是最后一招。</strong></p><p> 一般VC撑不起造车新势力的资金,附带社会资源的政策性注资最受欢迎,蔚来与湖州、北京经开区以及广汽都曾传出绯闻,最后接盘的是安徽,合肥2020重大产业项目投给了蔚来100亿,外加两笔亿级的可转债融资才让李斌度过难关。</p><p> 用“生存还是毁灭”已经不能形容造车新势力的困境,只参奉上莎翁的另一段金句,“愿你不舍昼夜,忠于自己。”</p></body></html>","source":"sina_symbol","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" 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.h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n打不过特斯拉,就是大结局\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2020-04-15 11:22 北京时间 <a href=http://cj.sina.cn/article/normal_detail?url=http://tech.sina.com.cn/csj/2020-04-15/doc-iircuyvh7881273.shtml><strong>创事记</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>欢迎关注“创事记”微信订阅号:sinachuangshiji 文/二说 来源:二说(ID:chongershuo) 过去30年,只有中国互联网击败了美国入侵者。 淘宝、天猫击退eBay和亚马逊,百度“赶”跑谷歌,QQ消灭MSN,滴滴吃掉Uber中国,Tiktok还反攻美国本土。 可以说,房地产给中国经济挖的坑,全被互联网填平了。 但在一个14万亿规模的全新市场,多达500家中国创新公司...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://cj.sina.cn/article/normal_detail?url=http://tech.sina.com.cn/csj/2020-04-15/doc-iircuyvh7881273.shtml\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f6b78ed0836da119cdb959ac6d3cb8e9","relate_stocks":{"01810":"小米集团-W","TSLA":"特斯拉"},"source_url":"http://cj.sina.cn/article/normal_detail?url=http://tech.sina.com.cn/csj/2020-04-15/doc-iircuyvh7881273.shtml","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2027620161","content_text":"欢迎关注“创事记”微信订阅号:sinachuangshiji 文/二说 来源:二说(ID:chongershuo) 过去30年,只有中国互联网击败了美国入侵者。 淘宝、天猫击退eBay和亚马逊,百度“赶”跑谷歌,QQ消灭MSN,滴滴吃掉Uber中国,Tiktok还反攻美国本土。 可以说,房地产给中国经济挖的坑,全被互联网填平了。 但在一个14万亿规模的全新市场,多达500家中国创新公司的集团冲锋(创始人不乏BAT出身的老兵),却被一家美国企业打败。 这就是特斯拉。 早在2013年雷军就两次跑到硅谷拜会马斯克,他自己也买了4辆特斯拉,1辆自用,1辆放在美国,另外2辆给了还没豹变的傅盛和尚未加入阿里的俞永福,中国创新圈早就准备逆向研发了。 但7年后小米电动车不见踪影,特斯拉倒是逃过无数黑点幸存下来。 去年德国汽车管理中心(CAM)确认特斯拉是全球最大新能源车企,交付36.7万辆,主攻B端却受累于补贴退坡的比亚迪位居次席,交付21.6万辆。 特斯拉在中国市场也占据优势。 去年新能源汽车总上牌数120万辆,其中乘用车86万辆,但相当一部分B端补贴产品,为反映C端实销情况,造车新势力一般都习惯用“上险量”的概念。 按这个标准,特斯拉去年国内交付45345辆绝对领先,12月交付的国产特斯拉尚未计入,榜单15位开外的公司都是个位数,已无统计价值,在全年进口的5.6万辆新能源车中特斯拉也贡献了8成。 今年数据更吓人。 乘联会的3月销量几乎一夜跌回十年前,特斯拉却拿到双冠,Model 3不但以10160辆的月销登顶新能源汽车榜单,还在高端轿车分项力压宝马5系、奥迪A6和奔驰C级,这是BBA二十年来第一次被赶下神坛,过去被视为门口野蛮人的特斯拉,俨然已是全球车坛翘楚。 对造车新势力来说,特斯拉就像一个漏斗,虹吸了大部分资金、用户和供应链,虽然它的市值从高点回落,仍有1200亿美元,超过波音成为美国最大工业公司,上海浦东临港的特斯拉二期已然破土而出,更别说供应链正拼命挤进马斯克的朋友圈。 特斯拉有多风光,友商就有多落寞,如果评选史上“最不争气的中国创新”,造车新势力绝对领先于共享单车,后者至少曾经引领了创新热潮。 但很多人心头都有一个疑问,假使特斯拉是苹果,马斯克是乔布斯第二,难道不应该有小米式机会吗?这肯定也让李斌、何小鹏睡不着觉。 回头再看,手机的逻辑其实很简单。 1、零部件复用率高,只要你有能力放出订单,不愁拿不到顶尖资源; 2、行业处于成熟期,拼的都是局部体验优化,这是中国公司的强项; 3、只要精心安排产品生命周期,就能通过迭代建立长效收割机制,以高通骁龙801为例,小米3/4/note都在用,中间相隔15个月,即便不考虑摩尔规律,照样可以赚钱; 这3条包括罗永浩都没做到,但雷军实现了,2011年小米出货30万台,2012年719万台,2013年1870万台,2014年6560万台,直到2015年小米吃光互联网红利,连遭华为和OV狙击,出货量完全停滞,雷军才急了,转而开发MIX,重新占领制高点。 新能源车正相反,所有高速路都被堵死了。 2003年成立的特斯拉用了5年才搞出第一款概念跑车,又花了5年才造出真正属于大众消费的Model S,在风口上一跑就是10年。 1、只有苹果式生存,没有小米式机会。 这一点大家都看透了,所以产品策略都是先打高,再就低,蔚来也是先出了EP9在纽北套圈,然后才是ES8,最后是ES6,更别说那一堆出手就是超跑的公司了。 原因很简单,你根本没有遏制成本的手段,新能源车的电池系统占据整车成本的30-50%,据说到2030年可以下降到18%,前提是你能活到那个时候。 造车新势力扎堆乘用车,只能用能量密度较高的三元锂,商用车倒可以用便宜的磷酸铁锂,但变成另一个比亚迪有什么意义?何况你还打不过现成的比亚迪。 在电池的四大主材中,正极材料又占总成本的40%,三元锂就是NCA(镍钴铝)和NCM(镍钴锰)之争,钴是稀有金属,主要产地在刚果,供给存在极大不确定性,1kg正极材料中,钴的成本是12美元,锂8美元,镍5 美元,这是硬成本无法压缩。 够资格洗牌的只有特斯拉,因为马斯克一直在研究无钴电池,据说4月20日的“电池日”即将宣布重大突破,这应该是特斯拉此前收购的Maxwell和Hibar的研究成果,外界普遍估计是新型高镍正极+预锂化负极+干电池技术+超级电容的新型锂离子电池,也可能是CTP技术的超级磷酸铁锂电池,搞的整个行业既兴奋又恐惧。 不管真相如何,这事与其他造车新势力都没有半毛钱关系,大家都是观众,顶多发条弹幕吐槽一下。 2、电池厂还在抢班夺权。 电池装车有一个从电芯(CELL)到模组(Module)再到电池包(Pack)的过程,一般有野心的车企都会死保Pack控制权,蔚来也是由旗下的苏州正力在做。 以前电池厂商安于现状,对此并不反对,但如今补贴退坡,每一分钱就要精打细算,所以CTP技术浮出水面,所谓CTP就是从CELL直接到Pack,这当然有利于降低成本,但结果是电池厂商话语权大涨,相当于从车企接管了电池系统设计、制造和维护的主导权,比亚迪就在大力宣传刀片电池,表面是通过新技术复活磷酸铁锂,深层次也是在重新定义自己在新能源行业中的角色。 这对特斯拉以及其他原本自己要做电池的传统车企影响不大,但对于其他造车新势力就是灭顶之灾,用脚后跟想想也知道,所谓新能源车闪着金光的不就是新能源三字吗?如果连Pack都没有自主权,你好意思谈创新? 3、新能源供应链比手机更功利。 基本上大家都是围着特斯拉团团转,把其他造车新势力划入骗子一类,生怕哪天像贾老板一样跑路,宁德时代还自曝要求某些公司必须预付款才能提货。 这是造车新势力成本畸高的原因之一,蔚来的单车销售成本折算下来高达43.88万元,蔚来4年烧了300亿元,现金流失如此之快就不奇怪了。 而且在“以销定产”的大背景下,你越是缩减订单,上游产业链越是本能的向头部企业集中,形成恶性循环。 也有人觉得,疫情提供了反击特斯拉的最后机会。 现在的汽车市场差不多是几十年来最差了,按中汽协的数据,今年首季国内汽车产销分别下降45.2%和42.4%,政策组合拳已经基本出清,发改委要求稳定汽车等大宗消费;商务部要求优化限购措施,加强充电站建设;财政部将原本今年到期的新能源汽车购置补贴和免征购置税延长2年;生态环境部推迟了尚未实施国6地区的时间表。 但需求回暖,特斯拉比友商更受益,反之亦然。 因为上海特斯拉的存在,利用“某种情绪”展开攻击已经行不通了,毕竟特斯拉可以失败,上海特斯拉不能失败,马斯克在中国拿到了多家银行的197.5亿元的资金支持,在向美国SEC递交的报告也证明获得了8500万美元的certain incentives(奖励补助)。 油价因素也很难成为变量。 2014年国际油价在每桶100美元左右,去年是50美元,最近已经跌到20美元左右,水比油贵成了事实,即便OPEC刚刚达成了限产保价协议,油价长期低迷也是注定的。 上海工程技术大学汽车与机械工程学院教师刘淼曾经作过测算,即便92号汽油跌到5元,新能源车每百公里的行驶成本仍然比燃油车低的多,能否顶住冲击,不取决于油价只取决于车企的产品力。 除了特斯拉,去年销量破万的造车新势力只有蔚来、小鹏、威马、合众四家,不过也处于无定价权、无议价能力、无核心技术的三无状态,遑论其他。 更可怕的是内部军心不稳,大量从传统车企跳槽过来的高管倦鸟归巢,纷纷重返老家,用户心态也变了,皮实耐用的产品理念重新抬头,即使被互联网培育的尝鲜一族也产生了避险情绪,不敢选择小众品牌。 未来造车新势力将不得不在传统车企和特斯拉的夹缝中重新卡位。 既然成本不能压缩,就只能通过走量达到盈亏平衡点,原来车和家估计,40万元的理想ONE必须年销5万才能活下去,现在看来并不现实,但如果下探到十几万元的区间,又面临与比亚迪、北汽开战,真是进退两难。 所以找到政策性金主是最后一招。 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