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skter
2021-12-20
这篇文章不错,转发给大家看看
@OptionPlus:期权复盘:圣诞行情或迟不缺,别错过苹果、特斯拉最佳卖权期!
skter
2021-11-25
会有大动作吗?
提醒:美股周四因感恩节休市,周五提前三小时收盘
skter
2021-11-11
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-11-10
[微笑]
skter
2021-11-07
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-11-05
[微笑]
skter
2021-11-02
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-31
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-30
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-29
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-26
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-25
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-24
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-20
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-19
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-17
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-14
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-13
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑] [微笑]
skter
2021-10-12
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
skter
2021-10-11
$富时新加坡海峡指数(STI.SI)$
[微笑]
去老虎APP查看更多动态
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底结算工作略忙,每天只有晚上花一点时间看看盘。这两周市场相当精彩,美联储如“期”加速taper,四巫日也如“期”巨震。终于,今年的bad news都陆续落地,接下来圣诞行情还有吗? 我个人感觉接下来应该有一波还不错的行情,至于多长时间就只能走着看。值得一提的是巴菲特的<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BRK.A\">$伯克希尔(BRK.A)$</a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BRK.B\">$伯克希尔B(BRK.B)$</a> ,股价在周中创了新高。现在Brk的市值跟<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVDA\">$英伟达(NVDA)$</a> 差不多,6500亿美元左右,NVDA是大家眼里一致预期的下一个万亿俱乐部成员,搞不好Berkshire才是,谁知道呢,大可关注起来。我最近关注消费ETF<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/XLP\">$消费品指数ETF-SPDR主要消费品(XLP)$</a> ,必须消费品上涨是通胀最直接的反映,自从鲍师傅12月5日直接承认通胀,并暗示可能加速Taper,XLP已经连涨了两周。成分股里面PG、COST、PEP、KO、EL等都过去两周都是逆市新高,短期这个通胀预期已经兑现相当充分,应该要开始回调了。但是通胀也不是一时半会儿能下来的,这几个公司和XLP值得大家明年继续关注,等我过几天开始休假了好好整理一下下消费股。同样是消费ETF,可选消费ETF-XLY就跟必消股ETF-XLP差距非常大,主要原因是AMZN和TSLA两个科技股占比太大,接近40%,如果抛去这两个大成分,下面的HD、MC","listText":"老虎的朋友们好,最近要赶年底结算工作略忙,每天只有晚上花一点时间看看盘。这两周市场相当精彩,美联储如“期”加速taper,四巫日也如“期”巨震。终于,今年的bad news都陆续落地,接下来圣诞行情还有吗? 我个人感觉接下来应该有一波还不错的行情,至于多长时间就只能走着看。值得一提的是巴菲特的<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BRK.A\">$伯克希尔(BRK.A)$</a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BRK.B\">$伯克希尔B(BRK.B)$</a> ,股价在周中创了新高。现在Brk的市值跟<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVDA\">$英伟达(NVDA)$</a> 差不多,6500亿美元左右,NVDA是大家眼里一致预期的下一个万亿俱乐部成员,搞不好Berkshire才是,谁知道呢,大可关注起来。我最近关注消费ETF<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/XLP\">$消费品指数ETF-SPDR主要消费品(XLP)$</a> ,必须消费品上涨是通胀最直接的反映,自从鲍师傅12月5日直接承认通胀,并暗示可能加速Taper,XLP已经连涨了两周。成分股里面PG、COST、PEP、KO、EL等都过去两周都是逆市新高,短期这个通胀预期已经兑现相当充分,应该要开始回调了。但是通胀也不是一时半会儿能下来的,这几个公司和XLP值得大家明年继续关注,等我过几天开始休假了好好整理一下下消费股。同样是消费ETF,可选消费ETF-XLY就跟必消股ETF-XLP差距非常大,主要原因是AMZN和TSLA两个科技股占比太大,接近40%,如果抛去这两个大成分,下面的HD、MC","text":"老虎的朋友们好,最近要赶年底结算工作略忙,每天只有晚上花一点时间看看盘。这两周市场相当精彩,美联储如“期”加速taper,四巫日也如“期”巨震。终于,今年的bad news都陆续落地,接下来圣诞行情还有吗? 我个人感觉接下来应该有一波还不错的行情,至于多长时间就只能走着看。值得一提的是巴菲特的$伯克希尔(BRK.A)$ $伯克希尔B(BRK.B)$ ,股价在周中创了新高。现在Brk的市值跟$英伟达(NVDA)$ 差不多,6500亿美元左右,NVDA是大家眼里一致预期的下一个万亿俱乐部成员,搞不好Berkshire才是,谁知道呢,大可关注起来。我最近关注消费ETF$消费品指数ETF-SPDR主要消费品(XLP)$ ,必须消费品上涨是通胀最直接的反映,自从鲍师傅12月5日直接承认通胀,并暗示可能加速Taper,XLP已经连涨了两周。成分股里面PG、COST、PEP、KO、EL等都过去两周都是逆市新高,短期这个通胀预期已经兑现相当充分,应该要开始回调了。但是通胀也不是一时半会儿能下来的,这几个公司和XLP值得大家明年继续关注,等我过几天开始休假了好好整理一下下消费股。同样是消费ETF,可选消费ETF-XLY就跟必消股ETF-XLP差距非常大,主要原因是AMZN和TSLA两个科技股占比太大,接近40%,如果抛去这两个大成分,下面的HD、MC","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d29067b6581247f9ce35181e23d36380","width":"2188","height":"1150"},{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7108d9566091f4e2a50fc47a7c5c0619","width":"1282","height":"582"},{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4137e48e4232db1aaf465714045d6d4a","width":"830","height":"302"}],"top":1,"highlighted":2,"essential":2,"paper":2,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/693017474","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":0,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":6,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":790,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":874428908,"gmtCreate":1637813990653,"gmtModify":1637813990653,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3568255695904343","idStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"会有大动作吗?","listText":"会有大动作吗?","text":"会有大动作吗?","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/874428908","repostId":"1104782147","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1104782147","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"为用户提供金融资讯、行情、数据,旨在帮助投资者理解世界,做投资决策。","home_visible":1,"media_name":"老虎资讯综合","id":"102","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba"},"pubTimestamp":1637552337,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1104782147?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-11-22 11:38","market":"fut","language":"zh","title":"提醒:美股周四因感恩节休市,周五提前三小时收盘","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1104782147","media":"老虎资讯综合","summary":"11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。","content":"<p>11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。</p>\n<p>11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点(北京时间周六凌晨2点)提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。</p>\n<p>港股、A股、英股、澳股、新加坡股市照常交易。</p>\n<p><b>背景补充:</b></p>\n<p>感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。</p>\n<p>自1941年起,感恩节被定为每年11月的第四个星期四。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。纽交所与大部分金融市场及金融服务公司也在今天休假。</p>\n<p>感恩节之后的周五并非联邦法定节日,但除零售企业外的许多公司也在当天放假,学校也是如此。这天即通常俗称的“黑色星期五”,这种叫法出自当天由购物带来的庞大交通流量,也是由于商店的销售业绩使得他们可以在本财年剩余的日子中保持盈利。</p>\n<p>黑色星期五通常被看作是圣诞购物季节的开始。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af950d731994581f416aa413e17585d3\" tg-width=\"450\" 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class=\"title\">\n提醒:美股周四因感恩节休市,周五提前三小时收盘\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/102\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">老虎资讯综合 </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-11-22 11:38</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。</p>\n<p>11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点(北京时间周六凌晨2点)提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。</p>\n<p>港股、A股、英股、澳股、新加坡股市照常交易。</p>\n<p><b>背景补充:</b></p>\n<p>感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。</p>\n<p>自1941年起,感恩节被定为每年11月的第四个星期四。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。纽交所与大部分金融市场及金融服务公司也在今天休假。</p>\n<p>感恩节之后的周五并非联邦法定节日,但除零售企业外的许多公司也在当天放假,学校也是如此。这天即通常俗称的“黑色星期五”,这种叫法出自当天由购物带来的庞大交通流量,也是由于商店的销售业绩使得他们可以在本财年剩余的日子中保持盈利。</p>\n<p>黑色星期五通常被看作是圣诞购物季节的开始。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af950d731994581f416aa413e17585d3\" tg-width=\"450\" tg-height=\"281\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af950d731994581f416aa413e17585d3","relate_stocks":{},"is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1104782147","content_text":"11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。\n11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点(北京时间周六凌晨2点)提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。\n港股、A股、英股、澳股、新加坡股市照常交易。\n背景补充:\n感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。\n自1941年起,感恩节被定为每年11月的第四个星期四。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。纽交所与大部分金融市场及金融服务公司也在今天休假。\n感恩节之后的周五并非联邦法定节日,但除零售企业外的许多公司也在当天放假,学校也是如此。这天即通常俗称的“黑色星期五”,这种叫法出自当天由购物带来的庞大交通流量,也是由于商店的销售业绩使得他们可以在本财年剩余的日子中保持盈利。\n黑色星期五通常被看作是圣诞购物季节的开始。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":964,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":870180005,"gmtCreate":1636593241097,"gmtModify":1636593241166,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3568255695904343","idStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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","text":"[开心]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":65,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/347029225","repostId":"2127507428","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2127507428","pubTimestamp":1618448700,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2127507428?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-04-15 09:05","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"电动车的“老前辈”,还能跟得上时代么?","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2127507428","media":"虎嗅","summary":"要么有技术亮点,要么能快速量产","content":"<p>电动车,是新能源的“中坚力量”,但其实并不新。</p><p>在汽车这个概念刚被提出时,最原始的动力来源其实就是电池和电机,比如费迪南德·保时捷在1898年制造出了第一辆电动车;只不过由于受电池性能限制,内燃机成为了汽车的核心。</p><p>但是纵观近几十年,真正意义上被市场接受的第一款电动车,其实是1996年由通用公司推出的EV1。只不过后来因为当时的利益和多方面因素影响,这款仅供租赁的电动车,最终在2003年大部分EV1被回收并销毁。有意思的是就在三年后,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>的第一款车Roadster问世,掀开了电动车的新篇章。</p><p>注:由于设法减轻空气污染,加州空气资源委员会要求该州销售汽车的生产商必须提供零排放车辆。1996年,通用公司开始在加州和亚利桑那州租赁一款名叫EV1的电动车。EV1是一款双门运动轿车,零百加速时间为6.3秒,极速被限制在128km/h,其原型车在1994年曾跑出296km/h,由于当时电池技术制约,其续航仅为140km。(头图为该车型)</p><p>当然,在那个时间节点,由于缺乏整个行业的相关供应链,即便这款零售价3.4万美元的EV1真正面向市场销售,有多少人真的会买暂且不谈,通用其实也很难赚到什么钱。</p><p>随后,或许是在特斯拉的影响下,又或是通用内部还是有人不愿意舍弃掉研发EV1时的技术积累。2012年,通用开始研发Bolt EV,代号G2KCZ(G2意为Gamma第二代平台,K为掀背车,C为Chevrolet,Z为电动车),2015年亮相,2016年开始交付。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/14/173025413627.jpeg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpeg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"896\" tg-height=\"432\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>Bolt EV虽然比Model 3的交付时间早半年多,但其销量并没能赶得上Model 3那么火爆,其本质原因主要是两个方面。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/14/232741153939.jpeg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpeg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"667\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>其一是作为传统车企的通用,未能下决心全面投入电动车,并没有纯电平台,加上当时电动车的行业供应也不成熟,导致其生产成本较高,所以售价甚至还略高于Model 3;其二是通用原本采用的车机中安吉星系统曾是“<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/5RE.SI\">智能</a>”的先锋,但相较于特斯拉而言,通用在智能化方面有些停滞不前。</p><p>尽管通用有犹豫不决和顽固的地方,但是通用起码在两个方面做对了,其一是对于三电系统的技术经验积攒了下来,与各类供应商之间建立的紧密的合作关系,例如LG电池;其二是对自动驾驶投入了较大的力度,2014年就曾披露将会在2017年凯迪拉克车型引入“Super Cruise”自动驾驶技术,并在2016年在公共道路上进行自动驾驶测试。</p><p>注:2016年通用还收购了自动驾驶公司Cruise Automation,用于推进共享车队的自动驾驶技术;2017年通用收购了固态激光雷达公司Srobe,将结合通用、Cruise研究未来自动驾驶技术。</p><p>三电技术怎么样,通过其整个系统的效率其实就能看出些端倪,Chevy Bolt EV在2017年时候的能耗就已经做到28kWh/100mi(约161公里),对比此时Model 3长续航的27kWh/100mi的能耗比不相上下。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/14/234432144823.png?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/png/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"674\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>而通用的自动驾驶Super Cruise表现如何,通过美国《消费者报告》关于自动驾驶评分中第一名是Super Cruise,而第二名才是特斯拉的AP系统就可知晓。尽管这份评分中,对于驾驶者注意力监控的评分权重放的比较高,使得评分被人批评略有偏颇,但Super Cruise的凯迪拉克早在几年前就能实现高速公路完全脱离方向盘的L3级别自动驾驶功能,这个优势是毋庸置疑的。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/14/235251033987.jpeg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpeg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"563\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>也正是得益于通用此前的积累,通用才为接下来宏大的全面电动化目标打下了基础。而要全面进军电动车市场,怎么也都绕不过中国这个庞大的市场。</p><p>要想在竞争极度激烈的中国市场中存活和发展,就必须得遵循中国消费者的期望和中国市场的玩法。简单来说就一句话:要么足够便宜,也就是控制好生产成本,将性价比放在第一位;要么足够有产品力,也就是足够智能,将消费者的体验放在第一位。</p><p>上汽通用在2025年前将会推出10款以上包括凯迪拉克、别克、雪佛兰三个品牌的Ultium国产新能源车型。换句话说,上汽通用的电动车将会覆盖从低端到高端大部分价位,来满足各种不同预算的消费人群,不过尽管相比于凯迪拉克而言,别克、雪佛兰相对平民一些,上汽通用也会逐步将VCS虚拟座舱、VIP智能电子架构以及 Super Cruise “下放”至后两个品牌车型。</p><p>鉴于之前Bolt EV的“前车之鉴”,通用对于未来的所有期许,几乎都要基于Ultium生产平台、VIP智能电子架构,当然还有Super Cruise的进一步技术升级。</p><p>Ultium平台是通用为电动车打造的全新生产平台,虽然如今各大传统车企都在推出全新纯电平台,其中也都不乏灵活性(适配各种级别、各种尺寸的车型)、智能化(自动驾驶、智能座舱)、安全(针对电动车的车身碰撞安全优化,尤其对电池组)的特点,但是Ultium还是有些过人之处。</p><p>首先是灵活性,作为一个生产平台,这其实是本该就具有的功能;传统车企与新势力们不同,一般旗下拥有多个品牌以及很多车型,如果为每个车型都单独做一套生产平台,非常不现实也会耗费大量成本。</p><p>但是Ultium中对于电池包的灵活考虑,颇有意思。</p><p>其电池包的骨架结构除了具备周全的安全结构外,通过利用电芯成组的尺寸统一化和标准化,能够适配各类不同化学配方,以及方型、软包,甚至固态电池;也就是说,无论是谁提供的哪种电芯,通用都能够将其适配入电池包中,甚至还满足可替换、可升级的电池模组。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/004044335195.jpg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"563\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/004114543253.jpg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"634\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>最夸张的特例就是悍马EV系列,通过堆叠将电池包叠成双层,既能保证电池管理以及电池温控的需求,又能够满足大型车辆的续航需求。并且随着电池技术的升级迭代,其用户可以选择升级适配新款电池模组,来升级车辆。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/004349517776.jpeg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpeg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"650\" tg-height=\"368\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>这种看似野蛮的方式,其中蕴含着多种技术的相互叠加,在保证安全和性能的情况下,对于研发的考验是巨大的。</p><p>比如通用采用了无线电池管理系统(wBMS),也就是每个电芯模组都具备无线信号通讯模块,将每个电芯的情况发送给电池包内管理系统,并通过无线通讯的方式监控、控制每个电芯模组。这样就使得电池包减少了90%的线束,减重的同时增加了体积能量密度,不仅能够提升续航里程,还能够带来更低的故障率。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/005344883972.jpg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"563\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>更重要的是,对于多款车型的需求,电池模组能够更加灵活的布局,而无需为每款车型单独设计和安装线束,达到充分的灵活性。</p><p>另外,关于动力形式,上汽通用也为此设计了多款电机、电池包配置,自由搭配来满足不同车型的需求。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/012134806547.png?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/png/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"277\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>其次是智能。上汽通用的VIP电子架构,即是满足当下分区域控制级别的电子电器架构;除了能够满足深入底层的FOTA升级功能之外,还一开始就预埋了“云、管、端”的能力,来适配未来V2X的能力。</p><p>不过说实话,这部分通用并不没有什么优势和特点,其实无论是新势力,还是传统势力转型,这一步电子电器架构的升级,并非是亮点,而是必须,因为脱离了这层架构,后续所谓的智能座舱亦或是其他智能功能都会很难实现。</p><p>而真正通用智能部分比较令人期待的,其实是VSC智能座舱部分,或者说是其中配备业界最强的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/QCOM\">高通</a>8195车规芯片,以及双景深激光AR-HUD。其中高通8195芯片提供的超强性能,才可能使得其33寸环绕视网膜屏幕流畅和实现诸多互联生态与智能场景功能;而双景深AR-HUD功能,即便市场上已经存在例如大众ID系列拥有的AR-HUD功能,但体验都较为一般,尤其在景深方面都略显不足,而通用所谓的双景深AR-HUD则能够实现视线不必来回切焦距,就能获得与实景结合的导航信息,将会是体验非常优秀的功能。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/011237830418.jpeg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpeg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"546\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>然后更加值得一提的则是 Super Cruise 在中国市场的全面展开,该功能的高精地图已经在中国覆盖了30万公里的高速道路,也就是在这些路段将能够提供L3级别自动驾驶,完全托管状态。并且依据中国道路特点,上汽通用还推出了新一代智能泊车辅助系统,支持各种类的车位识别,以及遥控进入车位等功能。</p><p>最后关于安全性,亮点其实就两个。一个是上汽通用与本土供应商共同研发的三元锂电芯优化配方,提升了10%的热稳定性,具备低衰减、长寿命的优势;Ultium平台电池实现了极高的热稳定性能,且支持全生命周期快充而对电池容量几乎没有影响。另一个则是基于电池监控系统、纳米航天凝胶材料、电池包结构材料以及冷却系统的设计,配合IP67防尘防水和IP6K9K高压喷水防护的密封等级,实现全方位的电池包安全性能。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/012016639950.png?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/png/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"1000\" tg-height=\"554\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>为了这一系列的技术应用以及相关车型的量产,上汽通用计划在2025年投入超过500亿人民币,加速这一进程的推进速度。</p><p>实话说,通用在电动化时代曾经是先锋,而后却因为诸多原因差点半途而废,如今虽说拿出了足够的诚意,但有一个巨大的问题就摆在眼前:时间。</p><p>尽管上汽通用称在几天后的上海车展亮相的概念车Lyriq将会在年底量产,但其余从上至下的三品牌车型,仍需要2年左右的时间,才能逐渐推向市场。</p><p><img src=\"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/content/202104/15/012653730098.jpeg?imageView2/2/w/1000/format/jpeg/interlace/1/q/85\" tg-width=\"800\" tg-height=\"533\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>前两年,新势力层出不穷,似乎每家都卯足了劲要争做未来的汽车巨头;但彼时传统车企还未真正下场,他们所积蕴的势能还未释放,不过现如今大众已经开始大批量交付、宝马的纯电动几款车型交付在即,此外奔驰、奥迪的纯电动车也已经推向市场。</p><p>上汽通用花大功夫联合泛亚技术中心,将各类车型已经做到100%本土化零配件供应,极大降低了成本,变相提升了产品竞争力;但问题是,现在的电动车市场已经与两年前不可同日而语,先发优势已经在诸多品牌上体现的很足,再晚几年,科技公司的一窝蜂下场、新势力的层出不穷、传统车车企巨头的经营,整个市场大环境根本无法预估。</p><p>对于上汽通用而言,要想到时候在市场中夺得一席之地,恐怕还需要更加速度一些,否则这个当年的电动车先锋,很有可能就会成为“龟兔赛跑”中的那只兔子。</p>","source":"highlight_huxiu","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>电动车的“老前辈”,还能跟得上时代么?</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n电动车的“老前辈”,还能跟得上时代么?\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-04-15 09:05 北京时间 <a href=https://www.huxiu.com/article/421830.html><strong>虎嗅</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>电动车,是新能源的“中坚力量”,但其实并不新。在汽车这个概念刚被提出时,最原始的动力来源其实就是电池和电机,比如费迪南德·保时捷在1898年制造出了第一辆电动车;只不过由于受电池性能限制,内燃机成为了汽车的核心。但是纵观近几十年,真正意义上被市场接受的第一款电动车,其实是1996年由通用公司推出的EV1。只不过后来因为当时的利益和多方面因素影响,这款仅供租赁的电动车,最终在2003年大部分EV1被...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.huxiu.com/article/421830.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://img.huxiucdn.com/article/cover/202104/13/231056420083.jpg?imageView2/1/w/720/h/405/|imageMogr2/strip/interlace/1/quality/85/format/jpg","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"https://www.huxiu.com/article/421830.html","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2127507428","content_text":"电动车,是新能源的“中坚力量”,但其实并不新。在汽车这个概念刚被提出时,最原始的动力来源其实就是电池和电机,比如费迪南德·保时捷在1898年制造出了第一辆电动车;只不过由于受电池性能限制,内燃机成为了汽车的核心。但是纵观近几十年,真正意义上被市场接受的第一款电动车,其实是1996年由通用公司推出的EV1。只不过后来因为当时的利益和多方面因素影响,这款仅供租赁的电动车,最终在2003年大部分EV1被回收并销毁。有意思的是就在三年后,特斯拉的第一款车Roadster问世,掀开了电动车的新篇章。注:由于设法减轻空气污染,加州空气资源委员会要求该州销售汽车的生产商必须提供零排放车辆。1996年,通用公司开始在加州和亚利桑那州租赁一款名叫EV1的电动车。EV1是一款双门运动轿车,零百加速时间为6.3秒,极速被限制在128km/h,其原型车在1994年曾跑出296km/h,由于当时电池技术制约,其续航仅为140km。(头图为该车型)当然,在那个时间节点,由于缺乏整个行业的相关供应链,即便这款零售价3.4万美元的EV1真正面向市场销售,有多少人真的会买暂且不谈,通用其实也很难赚到什么钱。随后,或许是在特斯拉的影响下,又或是通用内部还是有人不愿意舍弃掉研发EV1时的技术积累。2012年,通用开始研发Bolt EV,代号G2KCZ(G2意为Gamma第二代平台,K为掀背车,C为Chevrolet,Z为电动车),2015年亮相,2016年开始交付。Bolt EV虽然比Model 3的交付时间早半年多,但其销量并没能赶得上Model 3那么火爆,其本质原因主要是两个方面。其一是作为传统车企的通用,未能下决心全面投入电动车,并没有纯电平台,加上当时电动车的行业供应也不成熟,导致其生产成本较高,所以售价甚至还略高于Model 3;其二是通用原本采用的车机中安吉星系统曾是“智能”的先锋,但相较于特斯拉而言,通用在智能化方面有些停滞不前。尽管通用有犹豫不决和顽固的地方,但是通用起码在两个方面做对了,其一是对于三电系统的技术经验积攒了下来,与各类供应商之间建立的紧密的合作关系,例如LG电池;其二是对自动驾驶投入了较大的力度,2014年就曾披露将会在2017年凯迪拉克车型引入“Super Cruise”自动驾驶技术,并在2016年在公共道路上进行自动驾驶测试。注:2016年通用还收购了自动驾驶公司Cruise Automation,用于推进共享车队的自动驾驶技术;2017年通用收购了固态激光雷达公司Srobe,将结合通用、Cruise研究未来自动驾驶技术。三电技术怎么样,通过其整个系统的效率其实就能看出些端倪,Chevy Bolt EV在2017年时候的能耗就已经做到28kWh/100mi(约161公里),对比此时Model 3长续航的27kWh/100mi的能耗比不相上下。而通用的自动驾驶Super Cruise表现如何,通过美国《消费者报告》关于自动驾驶评分中第一名是Super Cruise,而第二名才是特斯拉的AP系统就可知晓。尽管这份评分中,对于驾驶者注意力监控的评分权重放的比较高,使得评分被人批评略有偏颇,但Super Cruise的凯迪拉克早在几年前就能实现高速公路完全脱离方向盘的L3级别自动驾驶功能,这个优势是毋庸置疑的。也正是得益于通用此前的积累,通用才为接下来宏大的全面电动化目标打下了基础。而要全面进军电动车市场,怎么也都绕不过中国这个庞大的市场。要想在竞争极度激烈的中国市场中存活和发展,就必须得遵循中国消费者的期望和中国市场的玩法。简单来说就一句话:要么足够便宜,也就是控制好生产成本,将性价比放在第一位;要么足够有产品力,也就是足够智能,将消费者的体验放在第一位。上汽通用在2025年前将会推出10款以上包括凯迪拉克、别克、雪佛兰三个品牌的Ultium国产新能源车型。换句话说,上汽通用的电动车将会覆盖从低端到高端大部分价位,来满足各种不同预算的消费人群,不过尽管相比于凯迪拉克而言,别克、雪佛兰相对平民一些,上汽通用也会逐步将VCS虚拟座舱、VIP智能电子架构以及 Super Cruise “下放”至后两个品牌车型。鉴于之前Bolt EV的“前车之鉴”,通用对于未来的所有期许,几乎都要基于Ultium生产平台、VIP智能电子架构,当然还有Super 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在中国市场的全面展开,该功能的高精地图已经在中国覆盖了30万公里的高速道路,也就是在这些路段将能够提供L3级别自动驾驶,完全托管状态。并且依据中国道路特点,上汽通用还推出了新一代智能泊车辅助系统,支持各种类的车位识别,以及遥控进入车位等功能。最后关于安全性,亮点其实就两个。一个是上汽通用与本土供应商共同研发的三元锂电芯优化配方,提升了10%的热稳定性,具备低衰减、长寿命的优势;Ultium平台电池实现了极高的热稳定性能,且支持全生命周期快充而对电池容量几乎没有影响。另一个则是基于电池监控系统、纳米航天凝胶材料、电池包结构材料以及冷却系统的设计,配合IP67防尘防水和IP6K9K高压喷水防护的密封等级,实现全方位的电池包安全性能。为了这一系列的技术应用以及相关车型的量产,上汽通用计划在2025年投入超过500亿人民币,加速这一进程的推进速度。实话说,通用在电动化时代曾经是先锋,而后却因为诸多原因差点半途而废,如今虽说拿出了足够的诚意,但有一个巨大的问题就摆在眼前:时间。尽管上汽通用称在几天后的上海车展亮相的概念车Lyriq将会在年底量产,但其余从上至下的三品牌车型,仍需要2年左右的时间,才能逐渐推向市场。前两年,新势力层出不穷,似乎每家都卯足了劲要争做未来的汽车巨头;但彼时传统车企还未真正下场,他们所积蕴的势能还未释放,不过现如今大众已经开始大批量交付、宝马的纯电动几款车型交付在即,此外奔驰、奥迪的纯电动车也已经推向市场。上汽通用花大功夫联合泛亚技术中心,将各类车型已经做到100%本土化零配件供应,极大降低了成本,变相提升了产品竞争力;但问题是,现在的电动车市场已经与两年前不可同日而语,先发优势已经在诸多品牌上体现的很足,再晚几年,科技公司的一窝蜂下场、新势力的层出不穷、传统车车企巨头的经营,整个市场大环境根本无法预估。对于上汽通用而言,要想到时候在市场中夺得一席之地,恐怕还需要更加速度一些,否则这个当年的电动车先锋,很有可能就会成为“龟兔赛跑”中的那只兔子。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":204,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":827379503,"gmtCreate":1634428450875,"gmtModify":1634428451032,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3568255695904343","authorIdStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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","text":"[呆住]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/107506893","repostId":"2133685773","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2133685773","pubTimestamp":1620469680,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2133685773?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-05-08 18:28","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"“股神”巴菲特为何遭受股东质疑?","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2133685773","media":"新浪财经综合","summary":"巴菲特认为,如果在不确定,而且迅速采取行动阻止危险的可能性不大的情况下,就要求100%证明世界即将遭受巨大灾难是愚蠢的。巴菲特还提到,到目前为止,还未发生严重影响其保险业务所覆盖领域的极端气候事件。而巴菲特过去一直对独立董事会成员持批评态度。贝莱德认为,巴菲特在伯克希尔拥有强大的领导力和影响力,这种继任风险更大。","content":"<p>来源:ESG亚洲报告</p>\n<p>疫情唤起了世界对可持续发展领域的关注,ESG投资迎来了新一轮的发展机遇。</p>\n<p>以<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BLK\">贝莱德</a>为代表的世界顶级投资机构对可持续发展投资的长期回报信心不断增强,在将ESG因素纳入主动投资策略的同时,采用“企业参与及股东行动(corporate engagement and shareholder action)”的方式,借助股东权利督导所投公司的ESG实践。</p>\n<p>这次,他们将注意力转向了“股神”巴菲特麾下的<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BRK.A\">伯克希尔</a>哈撒韦公司,对其ESG治理现状提出质疑。</p>\n<p>在近日结束的2021年股东大会上,伯克希尔股东们向董事会递交了两项有关ESG信息披露的提案:一项与气候相关风险和机遇的报告有关,另一项与员工多元化和包容性举措的报告有关。</p>\n<p>作为伯克希尔的投资者,贝莱德基于自身对可持续发展理念的高度认可,对两项提案均表示赞同。</p>\n<p>但拥有多数投票权的伯克希尔董事会却投出了一致的反对票,最终两项股东提案均没有获得通过。</p>\n<p>世界上最大的资产管理公司与世界上最著名的投资机构就ESG事宜发生分歧。</p>\n<p><b>01、伯克希尔股东:气候相关与多元化信息披露不足</b></p>\n<p>气候变化和多元化议题在近年来受到越来越多的重视。</p>\n<p><b>应对气候变化已经在全球范围内达成共识</b></p>\n<p>市场普遍认为,气候事件和向低碳经济的过渡会给全球经济发展带来系统性风险。诸多风险已经开始发挥作用,能源、交通、化工等行业的公司价值受到影响。</p>\n<p>投资者需要了解公司是否已经做好了应对气候风险的准备。因此,公司层面的气候信息披露至关重要。</p>\n<p>因对伯克希尔气候相关信息披露不足的担忧,加州公务员退休基金(CalPERS)、爱马仕投资管理公司、魁北克储蓄投资集团共同发起了“气候相关风险和机遇报告”的提案。</p>\n<p>股东们要求伯克希尔董事会从2022年开始,每年发布一份评估公司气候相关风险管理方式,以及阐明物理与转型风险及机遇的报告。</p>\n<p>股东们建议该报告应包括:</p>\n<p>子公司和被投公司的气候风险和机遇摘要,以董事会认为可能受到气候变化重大影响或对气候变化有重大贡献的信息为主;</p>\n<p>董事会监督和管理气候相关风险和机遇的方法;</p>\n<p>检视公司基于2℃情境下的温室气体减排目标。</p>\n<p>为“刺激”伯克希尔,股东们在提案中还谈及伯克希尔旗下BNSF铁路运输公司的两家竞争对手(<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/CSX\">CSX运输</a>公司和<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/UNP\">联合太平洋</a>铁路货运公司)在设定科学碳目标方面的优秀实践。</p>\n<p><b>大量研究表明,多元化的员工队伍可以给公司带来收益</b></p>\n<p>麦肯锡在一篇研究报告中指出,性别多元化方面表现优异的前25%的公司在盈利能力方面高出21%,在创造卓越价值方面的可能性高出27%。</p>\n<p>外媒对标普500指数的研究发现,2015-2019年间,多元化表现最好的20家公司,其股票的平均年化收益率比最差的20家公司高出5.8%。</p>\n<p>尽管有这些优势,多元化和包容性的员工队伍建设在现实中存在巨大障碍。</p>\n<p>伯克希尔在多元性方面的表现也让股东担忧。</p>\n<p>不仅在多元化信息披露方面存在不足,伯克希尔许多子公司还遭到了有关性别歧视和种族主义的指控。</p>\n<p>伯克希尔股东寻求量化,可比的数据以了解公司多元化情况,以及包容性计划的有效性。</p>\n<p>汉得利酒店(Handlery Hotels)通过代理人向伯克希尔提议,要求其每年发布报告,评估公司的多元化和包容性进展,包括:</p>\n<p>董事会评估多元化、公平性和包容性计划是否有效的过程;</p>\n<p>董事会对包容性计划执行的评估,特别是在招聘、晋升和特殊类别员工保护方面的指标监督。</p>\n<p><b>02、巴菲特:这些提案违背公司的自治理念</b></p>\n<p>面对这两项顺应时代发展的提案,伯克希尔董事会成员均投出了反对票,其中也包括拥有三分之一投票权的巴菲特。</p>\n<p><b>对气候相关信息披露提案的回应</b></p>\n<p>伯克希尔董事会投出反对票的理由是,虽然认识到以负责任的方式管理与气候相关的风险对股东和经营业务至关重要,但不希望干预子公司及所投公司的气候相关风险管理工作。</p>\n<p>董事会看到诸多子公司做出了与气候变化相关的明智决定,如旗下的铁路运输公司和能源公司都已经在碳减排方面采取了有效行动。</p>\n<p>而在核心保险业务方面,巴菲特早在2015年年报中,亲自做出了对气候相关风险的理解。当时,伯克希尔也收到了相关股东提案。</p>\n<p>巴菲特在2015年年报中在写道:对于他而言,由于缺乏气候科学的专业背景,气候变化“很有可能(highly likely)”对地球构成重大威胁,而不是“一定(certain)”。</p>\n<p>巴菲特认为,如果在不确定,而且迅速采取行动阻止危险的可能性不大的情况下,就要求100%证明世界即将遭受巨大灾难是愚蠢的(foolish)。</p>\n<p>巴菲特质疑,如果地球发生重大灾难的可能性只有百分之一,而诺亚方舟对于生存至关重要,难道要在晴空万里的今天,就开始建造它么?</p>\n<p>巴菲特还提到,到目前为止,还未发生严重影响其保险业务所覆盖领域的极端气候事件。</p>\n<p>巴菲特认为,伯克希尔保单价格通常每年都会重新制定一次(而不是十年或二十年的固定价格),如果发生更频繁或损失更大的气候事件,伯克希尔保险业务反而会因保单价格提高而规模更大、利润更高。</p>\n<p>巴菲特调侃道,作为个人公民,您可能会因气候变化彻夜难眠,这是可以理解的——作为低洼地区的房主,您不妨考虑搬家;但是,当您仅仅作为一家大型保险公司的股东时,气候变化就不应列入您的担忧之列。</p>\n<p><b>对多元化信息披露提案的回应</b></p>\n<p>面对该提案,伯克希尔董事会表示公司已经建立了多元性、公平性和包容性的员工队伍,并将继续成为公司成功和长期可持续发展的重要因素。</p>\n<p>但最终,伯克希尔董事会还是对员工多元化报告提案投出了一致的反对票。</p>\n<p>其理由是:伯克希尔在全球多个地域经营着不同行业,要求统一的多元化,公平性和包容性定量报告是不合理的;此外,正如对有关气候相关风险报告提案的回应那样,伯克希尔以非集中的方式管理其经营的业务,很少参与这些业务的日常活动。</p>\n<p><b>03、贝莱德认为伯克希尔治理架构存在风险</b></p>\n<p>作为伯克希尔的股东,贝莱德基于自身对可持续发展投资的重视,对以上两项股东提案是持绝对赞成意见的。</p>\n<p>贝莱德甚至指出,伯克希尔在治理架构方面也存在风险。</p>\n<p>贝莱德认为,伯克希尔董事会下设的专门委员会是不足的,目前只有两个(分别负责薪酬和审计)。</p>\n<p>贝莱德还认为,伯克希尔由巴菲特兼任董事长和CEO,却没有首席独立董事,这不利于董事会做出独立的决策和判断。</p>\n<p>而巴菲特过去一直对独立董事会成员持批评态度。</p>\n<p>在2020年致股东信中,巴菲特表示,独立董事每年只需工作几天就能获得数十万美元的报酬;他们对公司的未来并不感兴趣,而且经常偏向于管理层,管理层想要什么他们都会同意。</p>\n<p>此外,贝莱德对伯克希尔关键领导角色的继任计划感到担忧,伯克希尔未提供有关如何解决继任风险的信息披露,如有关董事会对候选人的审查过程等。</p>\n<p>贝莱德认为,巴菲特在伯克希尔拥有强大的领导力和影响力,这种继任风险更大。</p>\n<p>而就伯克希尔在ESG治理方面的不足,贝莱德将其归咎于公司审计委员会的失职。</p>\n<p>因此,贝莱德在伯克希尔审计委员会主席的连任投票中投出了反对票。</p>\n<p>贝莱德在一份关于伯克希尔投票决定的简报中写道:该公司没有适应一个ESG对业绩变得更加重要的世界。</p>\n<p>可见,贝莱德对伯克希尔未来的可持续发展韧性充满担忧。</p>\n<p>作为全球最大的资产管理公司,贝莱德管理的资金规模达到9万亿美元。</p>\n<p>2021年,贝莱德董事长及首席执行官劳伦斯·芬克(Laurence D. Fink)在致全体股东的信中,再次强调了可持续发展投资的长期价值,并做出了新一年的可持续发展承诺。</p>\n<p>贝莱德在近期宣布加入净零排放资产管理人倡议(Net Zero Asset Managers Initiative)。因此,“敦促投资督导鼓励客户投资的公司在缓解气候风险的同时,考虑零净转型带来的机遇”成为贝莱德可持续投资计划中的重要行动。</p>\n<p>而作为世界最大投资公司之一的伯克希尔,在近期确定了巴菲特的接班人。本周一在接受美国财经媒体采访时,91岁的巴菲特承认,董事们一致同意,未来将由伯克希尔非保险业务副董事长格雷格·阿贝尔(Greg Abel)接任CEO。</p>\n<p>不知道阿贝尔上任后,是否会将伯克希尔的ESG管理职责收归到集团层面,以满足股东和投资者日益强烈的ESG治理与披露需求。</p>","source":"tencent","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>“股神”巴菲特为何遭受股东质疑?</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; 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}\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n“股神”巴菲特为何遭受股东质疑?\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-05-08 18:28 北京时间 <a href=http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20210508182845774e23cb&s=b><strong>新浪财经综合</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>来源:ESG亚洲报告\n疫情唤起了世界对可持续发展领域的关注,ESG投资迎来了新一轮的发展机遇。\n以贝莱德为代表的世界顶级投资机构对可持续发展投资的长期回报信心不断增强,在将ESG因素纳入主动投资策略的同时,采用“企业参与及股东行动(corporate engagement and shareholder action)”的方式,借助股东权利督导所投公司的ESG实践。\n这次,他们将注意力转向了“股神...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20210508182845774e23cb&s=b\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c1b9fef028787bba142fa31212ae49d2","relate_stocks":{"BRK.B":"伯克希尔B","BRK.A":"伯克希尔"},"source_url":"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20210508182845774e23cb&s=b","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/9a95c1376e76363c1401fee7d3717173","article_id":"2133685773","content_text":"来源:ESG亚洲报告\n疫情唤起了世界对可持续发展领域的关注,ESG投资迎来了新一轮的发展机遇。\n以贝莱德为代表的世界顶级投资机构对可持续发展投资的长期回报信心不断增强,在将ESG因素纳入主动投资策略的同时,采用“企业参与及股东行动(corporate engagement and shareholder action)”的方式,借助股东权利督导所投公司的ESG实践。\n这次,他们将注意力转向了“股神”巴菲特麾下的伯克希尔哈撒韦公司,对其ESG治理现状提出质疑。\n在近日结束的2021年股东大会上,伯克希尔股东们向董事会递交了两项有关ESG信息披露的提案:一项与气候相关风险和机遇的报告有关,另一项与员工多元化和包容性举措的报告有关。\n作为伯克希尔的投资者,贝莱德基于自身对可持续发展理念的高度认可,对两项提案均表示赞同。\n但拥有多数投票权的伯克希尔董事会却投出了一致的反对票,最终两项股东提案均没有获得通过。\n世界上最大的资产管理公司与世界上最著名的投资机构就ESG事宜发生分歧。\n01、伯克希尔股东:气候相关与多元化信息披露不足\n气候变化和多元化议题在近年来受到越来越多的重视。\n应对气候变化已经在全球范围内达成共识\n市场普遍认为,气候事件和向低碳经济的过渡会给全球经济发展带来系统性风险。诸多风险已经开始发挥作用,能源、交通、化工等行业的公司价值受到影响。\n投资者需要了解公司是否已经做好了应对气候风险的准备。因此,公司层面的气候信息披露至关重要。\n因对伯克希尔气候相关信息披露不足的担忧,加州公务员退休基金(CalPERS)、爱马仕投资管理公司、魁北克储蓄投资集团共同发起了“气候相关风险和机遇报告”的提案。\n股东们要求伯克希尔董事会从2022年开始,每年发布一份评估公司气候相关风险管理方式,以及阐明物理与转型风险及机遇的报告。\n股东们建议该报告应包括:\n子公司和被投公司的气候风险和机遇摘要,以董事会认为可能受到气候变化重大影响或对气候变化有重大贡献的信息为主;\n董事会监督和管理气候相关风险和机遇的方法;\n检视公司基于2℃情境下的温室气体减排目标。\n为“刺激”伯克希尔,股东们在提案中还谈及伯克希尔旗下BNSF铁路运输公司的两家竞争对手(CSX运输公司和联合太平洋铁路货运公司)在设定科学碳目标方面的优秀实践。\n大量研究表明,多元化的员工队伍可以给公司带来收益\n麦肯锡在一篇研究报告中指出,性别多元化方面表现优异的前25%的公司在盈利能力方面高出21%,在创造卓越价值方面的可能性高出27%。\n外媒对标普500指数的研究发现,2015-2019年间,多元化表现最好的20家公司,其股票的平均年化收益率比最差的20家公司高出5.8%。\n尽管有这些优势,多元化和包容性的员工队伍建设在现实中存在巨大障碍。\n伯克希尔在多元性方面的表现也让股东担忧。\n不仅在多元化信息披露方面存在不足,伯克希尔许多子公司还遭到了有关性别歧视和种族主义的指控。\n伯克希尔股东寻求量化,可比的数据以了解公司多元化情况,以及包容性计划的有效性。\n汉得利酒店(Handlery Hotels)通过代理人向伯克希尔提议,要求其每年发布报告,评估公司的多元化和包容性进展,包括:\n董事会评估多元化、公平性和包容性计划是否有效的过程;\n董事会对包容性计划执行的评估,特别是在招聘、晋升和特殊类别员工保护方面的指标监督。\n02、巴菲特:这些提案违背公司的自治理念\n面对这两项顺应时代发展的提案,伯克希尔董事会成员均投出了反对票,其中也包括拥有三分之一投票权的巴菲特。\n对气候相关信息披露提案的回应\n伯克希尔董事会投出反对票的理由是,虽然认识到以负责任的方式管理与气候相关的风险对股东和经营业务至关重要,但不希望干预子公司及所投公司的气候相关风险管理工作。\n董事会看到诸多子公司做出了与气候变化相关的明智决定,如旗下的铁路运输公司和能源公司都已经在碳减排方面采取了有效行动。\n而在核心保险业务方面,巴菲特早在2015年年报中,亲自做出了对气候相关风险的理解。当时,伯克希尔也收到了相关股东提案。\n巴菲特在2015年年报中在写道:对于他而言,由于缺乏气候科学的专业背景,气候变化“很有可能(highly likely)”对地球构成重大威胁,而不是“一定(certain)”。\n巴菲特认为,如果在不确定,而且迅速采取行动阻止危险的可能性不大的情况下,就要求100%证明世界即将遭受巨大灾难是愚蠢的(foolish)。\n巴菲特质疑,如果地球发生重大灾难的可能性只有百分之一,而诺亚方舟对于生存至关重要,难道要在晴空万里的今天,就开始建造它么?\n巴菲特还提到,到目前为止,还未发生严重影响其保险业务所覆盖领域的极端气候事件。\n巴菲特认为,伯克希尔保单价格通常每年都会重新制定一次(而不是十年或二十年的固定价格),如果发生更频繁或损失更大的气候事件,伯克希尔保险业务反而会因保单价格提高而规模更大、利润更高。\n巴菲特调侃道,作为个人公民,您可能会因气候变化彻夜难眠,这是可以理解的——作为低洼地区的房主,您不妨考虑搬家;但是,当您仅仅作为一家大型保险公司的股东时,气候变化就不应列入您的担忧之列。\n对多元化信息披露提案的回应\n面对该提案,伯克希尔董事会表示公司已经建立了多元性、公平性和包容性的员工队伍,并将继续成为公司成功和长期可持续发展的重要因素。\n但最终,伯克希尔董事会还是对员工多元化报告提案投出了一致的反对票。\n其理由是:伯克希尔在全球多个地域经营着不同行业,要求统一的多元化,公平性和包容性定量报告是不合理的;此外,正如对有关气候相关风险报告提案的回应那样,伯克希尔以非集中的方式管理其经营的业务,很少参与这些业务的日常活动。\n03、贝莱德认为伯克希尔治理架构存在风险\n作为伯克希尔的股东,贝莱德基于自身对可持续发展投资的重视,对以上两项股东提案是持绝对赞成意见的。\n贝莱德甚至指出,伯克希尔在治理架构方面也存在风险。\n贝莱德认为,伯克希尔董事会下设的专门委员会是不足的,目前只有两个(分别负责薪酬和审计)。\n贝莱德还认为,伯克希尔由巴菲特兼任董事长和CEO,却没有首席独立董事,这不利于董事会做出独立的决策和判断。\n而巴菲特过去一直对独立董事会成员持批评态度。\n在2020年致股东信中,巴菲特表示,独立董事每年只需工作几天就能获得数十万美元的报酬;他们对公司的未来并不感兴趣,而且经常偏向于管理层,管理层想要什么他们都会同意。\n此外,贝莱德对伯克希尔关键领导角色的继任计划感到担忧,伯克希尔未提供有关如何解决继任风险的信息披露,如有关董事会对候选人的审查过程等。\n贝莱德认为,巴菲特在伯克希尔拥有强大的领导力和影响力,这种继任风险更大。\n而就伯克希尔在ESG治理方面的不足,贝莱德将其归咎于公司审计委员会的失职。\n因此,贝莱德在伯克希尔审计委员会主席的连任投票中投出了反对票。\n贝莱德在一份关于伯克希尔投票决定的简报中写道:该公司没有适应一个ESG对业绩变得更加重要的世界。\n可见,贝莱德对伯克希尔未来的可持续发展韧性充满担忧。\n作为全球最大的资产管理公司,贝莱德管理的资金规模达到9万亿美元。\n2021年,贝莱德董事长及首席执行官劳伦斯·芬克(Laurence D. Fink)在致全体股东的信中,再次强调了可持续发展投资的长期价值,并做出了新一年的可持续发展承诺。\n贝莱德在近期宣布加入净零排放资产管理人倡议(Net Zero Asset Managers Initiative)。因此,“敦促投资督导鼓励客户投资的公司在缓解气候风险的同时,考虑零净转型带来的机遇”成为贝莱德可持续投资计划中的重要行动。\n而作为世界最大投资公司之一的伯克希尔,在近期确定了巴菲特的接班人。本周一在接受美国财经媒体采访时,91岁的巴菲特承认,董事们一致同意,未来将由伯克希尔非保险业务副董事长格雷格·阿贝尔(Greg Abel)接任CEO。\n不知道阿贝尔上任后,是否会将伯克希尔的ESG管理职责收归到集团层面,以满足股东和投资者日益强烈的ESG治理与披露需求。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":85,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":107096097,"gmtCreate":1620431958919,"gmtModify":1631889004401,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3568255695904343","authorIdStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[微笑] ","listText":"[微笑] ","text":"[微笑]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/107096097","repostId":"1141722670","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":70,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":874428908,"gmtCreate":1637813990653,"gmtModify":1637813990653,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3568255695904343","authorIdStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"会有大动作吗?","listText":"会有大动作吗?","text":"会有大动作吗?","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/874428908","repostId":"1104782147","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1104782147","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"为用户提供金融资讯、行情、数据,旨在帮助投资者理解世界,做投资决策。","home_visible":1,"media_name":"老虎资讯综合","id":"102","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba"},"pubTimestamp":1637552337,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1104782147?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-11-22 11:38","market":"uk","language":"zh","title":"提醒:美股周四因感恩节休市,周五提前三小时收盘","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1104782147","media":"老虎资讯综合","summary":"11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。","content":"<p>11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。</p>\n<p>11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点(北京时间周六凌晨2点)提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。</p>\n<p>港股、A股、英股、澳股、新加坡股市照常交易。</p>\n<p><b>背景补充:</b></p>\n<p>感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。</p>\n<p>自1941年起,感恩节被定为每年11月的第四个星期四。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。纽交所与大部分金融市场及金融服务公司也在今天休假。</p>\n<p>感恩节之后的周五并非联邦法定节日,但除零售企业外的许多公司也在当天放假,学校也是如此。这天即通常俗称的“黑色星期五”,这种叫法出自当天由购物带来的庞大交通流量,也是由于商店的销售业绩使得他们可以在本财年剩余的日子中保持盈利。</p>\n<p>黑色星期五通常被看作是圣诞购物季节的开始。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af950d731994581f416aa413e17585d3\" tg-width=\"450\" tg-height=\"281\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>提醒:美股周四因感恩节休市,周五提前三小时收盘</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; 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8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n提醒:美股周四因感恩节休市,周五提前三小时收盘\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/102\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">老虎资讯综合 </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-11-22 11:38</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。</p>\n<p>11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点(北京时间周六凌晨2点)提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。</p>\n<p>港股、A股、英股、澳股、新加坡股市照常交易。</p>\n<p><b>背景补充:</b></p>\n<p>感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。</p>\n<p>自1941年起,感恩节被定为每年11月的第四个星期四。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。纽交所与大部分金融市场及金融服务公司也在今天休假。</p>\n<p>感恩节之后的周五并非联邦法定节日,但除零售企业外的许多公司也在当天放假,学校也是如此。这天即通常俗称的“黑色星期五”,这种叫法出自当天由购物带来的庞大交通流量,也是由于商店的销售业绩使得他们可以在本财年剩余的日子中保持盈利。</p>\n<p>黑色星期五通常被看作是圣诞购物季节的开始。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af950d731994581f416aa413e17585d3\" tg-width=\"450\" tg-height=\"281\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af950d731994581f416aa413e17585d3","relate_stocks":{},"is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1104782147","content_text":"11月25日(周四)是西方感恩节,美国包括美股在内的所有金融市场都休市1天。\n11月26日(周五)纽交所和纳斯达克将于当地时间下午1点(北京时间周六凌晨2点)提前收盘,交易时间为北京时间22:30-次日2:00,较常规收盘时间将提前3小时。\n港股、A股、英股、澳股、新加坡股市照常交易。\n背景补充:\n感恩节是美国和加拿大共有的节日,由美国首创,原意是为了感谢印第安人,后来人们常在这一天感谢他人。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。\n自1941年起,感恩节被定为每年11月的第四个星期四。美国所有政府机构都将在感恩节这天休假,雇员正常发薪。纽交所与大部分金融市场及金融服务公司也在今天休假。\n感恩节之后的周五并非联邦法定节日,但除零售企业外的许多公司也在当天放假,学校也是如此。这天即通常俗称的“黑色星期五”,这种叫法出自当天由购物带来的庞大交通流量,也是由于商店的销售业绩使得他们可以在本财年剩余的日子中保持盈利。\n黑色星期五通常被看作是圣诞购物季节的开始。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":964,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":192346602,"gmtCreate":1621152400606,"gmtModify":1631889004404,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3568255695904343","authorIdStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[捂脸] ","listText":"[捂脸] ","text":"[捂脸]","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/75c35f63c04d19fdbdb0cdf58c824c65","width":"1125","height":"2267"}],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/192346602","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":112,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":1,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":355667235,"gmtCreate":1617068290427,"gmtModify":1631889004404,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3568255695904343","authorIdStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[得意] ","listText":"[得意] ","text":"[得意]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/355667235","repostId":"1138517597","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1138517597","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"为用户提供金融资讯、行情、数据,旨在帮助投资者理解世界,做投资决策。","home_visible":1,"media_name":"老虎资讯综合","id":"102","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba"},"pubTimestamp":1617060445,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1138517597?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-03-30 07:27","market":"hk","language":"zh","title":"百融云-W一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1138517597","media":"老虎资讯综合","summary":"3月30日,百融云-W 公布中签结果,一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手。根据招股书,发行1.238亿股股份,每股发行价31.80港元,每手500股,预期将于3月31日上市。分配结果:甲组每手500","content":"<p>3月30日,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/06608\">百融云-W</a> 公布中签结果,一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手。根据招股书,发行1.238亿股股份,每股发行价31.80港元,每手500股,预期将于3月31日上市。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4d08621a43618078b37707d73d0a588a\" tg-width=\"1059\" tg-height=\"824\"></p><p><b>分配结果:</b></p><p>甲组每手500股,入场费约16060.22港元。一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手。</p><p>乙组头为20万股,申购所需资金约6424089.72港元。获配6000股(12手)。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c357bd3c48d879cce7990ae5782f2d9e\" tg-width=\"756\" tg-height=\"713\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5681cd1f7588d2f8cfc3f464ccff208c\" tg-width=\"766\" tg-height=\"373\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2dcc7596c65545768093eeff9ab83c58\" tg-width=\"778\" tg-height=\"585\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>根据香港发售初步提呈发售的香港发售股份获大幅超额认购。公司合共接获21.611万份有效申请,认购合共18.66亿股香港发售股份,相当于香港发售初步可供认购香港发售股份总数1238.3万股的约150.67倍。</p><p>由于香港发售的超额认购为香港发售初步可供认购的发售股份数目的100倍或以上,故已采用招股章程重新分配程序,将4952.9万股发售股份从国际发售重新分配至香港发售。</p><p>香港发售的发售股份最终数目已增至6191.2万股发售股份,占全球发售初步可供认购的发售股份总数约50%(未行使超额配股权),并已分配予香港发售的52363名成功申请人。</p><p>国际发售初步提呈发售的发售股份获大幅超额认购,相当于国际发售初步可供认购发售股份总数约36.3倍。国际发售的发售股份最终数目为6191.05万股B类股份,相当于全球发售初步可供认购发售股份总数约50.0%。</p><p>基石投资者认购合共5367.25万股发售股份,其中Cederberg认购2927.6万股,中国结构调整基金认购1415万股,Franchise Fund LP认购1024.65万股。</p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>百融云-W一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手</title>\n<style 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}\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n百融云-W一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/102\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">老虎资讯综合 </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-03-30 07:27</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>3月30日,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/06608\">百融云-W</a> 公布中签结果,一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手。根据招股书,发行1.238亿股股份,每股发行价31.80港元,每手500股,预期将于3月31日上市。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4d08621a43618078b37707d73d0a588a\" tg-width=\"1059\" tg-height=\"824\"></p><p><b>分配结果:</b></p><p>甲组每手500股,入场费约16060.22港元。一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手。</p><p>乙组头为20万股,申购所需资金约6424089.72港元。获配6000股(12手)。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c357bd3c48d879cce7990ae5782f2d9e\" tg-width=\"756\" tg-height=\"713\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5681cd1f7588d2f8cfc3f464ccff208c\" tg-width=\"766\" tg-height=\"373\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2dcc7596c65545768093eeff9ab83c58\" tg-width=\"778\" tg-height=\"585\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p>根据香港发售初步提呈发售的香港发售股份获大幅超额认购。公司合共接获21.611万份有效申请,认购合共18.66亿股香港发售股份,相当于香港发售初步可供认购香港发售股份总数1238.3万股的约150.67倍。</p><p>由于香港发售的超额认购为香港发售初步可供认购的发售股份数目的100倍或以上,故已采用招股章程重新分配程序,将4952.9万股发售股份从国际发售重新分配至香港发售。</p><p>香港发售的发售股份最终数目已增至6191.2万股发售股份,占全球发售初步可供认购的发售股份总数约50%(未行使超额配股权),并已分配予香港发售的52363名成功申请人。</p><p>国际发售初步提呈发售的发售股份获大幅超额认购,相当于国际发售初步可供认购发售股份总数约36.3倍。国际发售的发售股份最终数目为6191.05万股B类股份,相当于全球发售初步可供认购发售股份总数约50.0%。</p><p>基石投资者认购合共5367.25万股发售股份,其中Cederberg认购2927.6万股,中国结构调整基金认购1415万股,Franchise Fund LP认购1024.65万股。</p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6b69e234a63c2c0a69ccede7b0faaa18","relate_stocks":{"06608":"百融云-W"},"is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1138517597","content_text":"3月30日,百融云-W 公布中签结果,一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手。根据招股书,发行1.238亿股股份,每股发行价31.80港元,每手500股,预期将于3月31日上市。分配结果:甲组每手500股,入场费约16060.22港元。一手中签率10%,认购30手稳中一手。乙组头为20万股,申购所需资金约6424089.72港元。获配6000股(12手)。根据香港发售初步提呈发售的香港发售股份获大幅超额认购。公司合共接获21.611万份有效申请,认购合共18.66亿股香港发售股份,相当于香港发售初步可供认购香港发售股份总数1238.3万股的约150.67倍。由于香港发售的超额认购为香港发售初步可供认购的发售股份数目的100倍或以上,故已采用招股章程重新分配程序,将4952.9万股发售股份从国际发售重新分配至香港发售。香港发售的发售股份最终数目已增至6191.2万股发售股份,占全球发售初步可供认购的发售股份总数约50%(未行使超额配股权),并已分配予香港发售的52363名成功申请人。国际发售初步提呈发售的发售股份获大幅超额认购,相当于国际发售初步可供认购发售股份总数约36.3倍。国际发售的发售股份最终数目为6191.05万股B类股份,相当于全球发售初步可供认购发售股份总数约50.0%。基石投资者认购合共5367.25万股发售股份,其中Cederberg认购2927.6万股,中国结构调整基金认购1415万股,Franchise Fund LP认购1024.65万股。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":47,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":356667787,"gmtCreate":1616773058349,"gmtModify":1631889004408,"author":{"id":"3568255695904343","authorId":"3568255695904343","name":"skter","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d14e3579f29b71aa09cb7cc2b9d8eaed","crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3568255695904343","authorIdStr":"3568255695904343"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"不稳定情绪开始","listText":"不稳定情绪开始","text":"不稳定情绪开始","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/356667787","repostId":"1130018051","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1130018051","pubTimestamp":1616770437,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1130018051?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-03-26 22:53","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"美国国债期限溢价回归,金融市场或面临巨变","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1130018051","media":"美港电讯","summary":"受到密切关注的10年期期限溢价模型呈现出走高趋势。","content":"<p><b>花旗称期限溢价上升可能引发资金从信贷产品和股市外流</b></p>\n<p>如果试图破译国债收益率走势动荡是源于通货膨胀上升,抑或是投资者预测疫情过后经济会强劲攀升,这种做法不免一叶障目而不见森林,因为这实际上是债券投资者在宣称,他们希望借钱给政府能够获得跟以往类似的回报。</p>\n<p>整个金融市场可能因此发生巨变。一些观察人士警告说,这种巨变可能使债券收益率的上限难以控制,甚至还会带来这样一个疑问:随着传统的替代资产多年来首次变得具有吸引力,在股市中投入重金的投资者是否会变得对风险更加敏感。</p>\n<p>本月,长期国债收益率飙升至一年多来的高点,在美联储超宽松货币政策、财政刺激和企业恢复营业等多重因素的共同作用下,一个跟踪长期国债的指标跌入“熊市”。基金经理和分析人士指出,基准10年期国债收益率的升幅中,超过一半的升幅来自所谓期限溢价的上升。简而言之,就是投资者为持有长期美国国债而不是改投较短期债券所要求的额外收益率补偿。</p>\n<p>“突然看到利率市场脱锚,风险溢价上升,甚至可能还会继续走高,这非常令人不安。” 花旗集团的全球信贷产品策略负责人Matt King说。“如果这种情况持续下去,并且发展迅速,那么将会出现资金从信贷产品甚至股票基金中外流,破坏市场稳定。那个时候,问题就将是经济是否会受到影响。</p>\n<p>期限溢价上升是一个警示信号。由于通胀加速以及拜登政府财政刺激用力过猛的风险上升,投资者也因而为持有美国国债要求更高的补偿。King说,过去十年来,低水平、甚至为负值的期限溢价一直是压低其他资产类别风险溢价的关键因素。</p>\n<p>一些背景有助于更好地了解市场所发生的变化。</p>\n<p>从历史上看,投资者要求某种形式的收益率奖励来长期锁定他们的资金,而不是每年都滚动投资新债券。2008年全球金融危机爆发,美联储开始购买债券,令这种情况发生了改变。自2016年年中以来的大部分时间里,期限溢价都低于零,但在今年2月转为正值。</p>\n<p>根据纽约联储银行的ACM模型,10年期的期限溢价本月达到约0.68个百分点。在大流行病的最严重时期,该期限溢价最低跌至负1.15%,而往回追溯至1960年的平均水平为1.56%。</p>\n<p><b>美国国债末日将届?华尔街针对后QE时代的债券交易指南</b></p>\n<p>10年期美国国债收益率上周达到1.75%,是2020年1月以来最高水平。剔除了物价压力影响、因而被视为更纯粹的增长预期指标的实际收益率也有所攀升。交易员对通胀的预期也有所走高,债券市场对未来十年年度通胀预期的一个替代指标约为2.33%。</p>\n<p>贝莱德公司的Bob Miller表示,一系列因素推高了期限溢价。首先,美联储去年开始允许价格压力在一段时间内过热,以便使较长时间内的通货膨胀率均值达到2%,这令一切都发生了改变。另外,在股票-债券60-40组合中,美国国债已经失去了对冲作用。并且,为了给大流行病纾困支出提供资金,美国国债的发行规模激增。</p>\n<p>“所有这三个因素都促使投资者不再愿意以负期限溢价持有美国国债,”Miller说。</p>\n<p><b>供应压力</b></p>\n<p>根据摩根大通的估计,今年美国国债的净发行量将约为3.06万亿美元。虽然低于去年创纪录的4.3万亿美元,但私人投资者必须消化的新的中长期债券将超过2020年,因为美联储的购买规模将会下降。</p>\n<p>Miller说,10年期期限溢价可能会再上升100至150个基点。高盛集团的Praveen Korapaty和Cornerstone Macro LLC的Roberto Perli也都预测期限溢价将会上升。</p>\n<p>“市场正在为更高的通胀风险定价,这是有道理的,因为财政和货币两方面的政策都支持通胀上升这种结果,”Korapaty说。“无论实际通货膨胀是否会变高,你必须承认风险的分布偏向于通货膨胀上升。”</p>\n<p>美联储每月购买800亿美元的美国国债和400亿美元的抵押贷款支持债券,并表示在2023年底之前都会将政策利率维持在接近零的水平。</p>\n<p>在财政方面,白宫在上个月签署了1.9万亿美元的刺激计划后,正在为进一步的财政刺激措施做准备。总统乔·拜登的团队将公布一份3万亿美元经济计划的细节,预计基础设施建设和气候变化将是该计划的重点。</p>\n<p>目前而言,期限溢价引导债券收益率上升并没有令财政部长珍妮特·耶伦感到恐惧。那是因为她对财政空间的衡量标准与偿债成本有关,而目前的偿债成本仍然低于以往的财政年度。</p>\n<p>但即便如此,如果收益率过高,偿债成本就将会带来痛楚,历史上,曾经有过决策者的计划因债券市场而遭受重创的案例。</p>\n<p>总统比尔·克林顿在1993年不得不压缩其雄心勃勃的财政刺激计划,因为他被告知,债券投资者将对由此产生的债务和赤字增加做出负面反应,从而导致整个经济的借贷成本上升。当时克林顿的民主党政治顾问James Carville曾经对债券市场拥有的强大力量做出过著名的讽刺。</p>\n<p>眼下,76岁的Carville正在思考债券市场会不会再度成为一个麻烦。</p>\n<p>“在过去的大约二十年里,债券市场一直没有让任何人感到恐惧,它只是作为一个休眠的庞然大物呆在那里,”他在电话中说: “有些人认为它正在苏醒。我不知道,但是我很担心。”</p>","source":"live_meigang","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>美国国债期限溢价回归,金融市场或面临巨变</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; 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margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n美国国债期限溢价回归,金融市场或面临巨变\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-03-26 22:53 北京时间 <a href=https://news.ushknews.com/mobile/details.html?id=1002593><strong>美港电讯</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>花旗称期限溢价上升可能引发资金从信贷产品和股市外流\n如果试图破译国债收益率走势动荡是源于通货膨胀上升,抑或是投资者预测疫情过后经济会强劲攀升,这种做法不免一叶障目而不见森林,因为这实际上是债券投资者在宣称,他们希望借钱给政府能够获得跟以往类似的回报。\n整个金融市场可能因此发生巨变。一些观察人士警告说,这种巨变可能使债券收益率的上限难以控制,甚至还会带来这样一个疑问:随着传统的替代资产多年来首次变得...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://news.ushknews.com/mobile/details.html?id=1002593\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/32f76f2b955be371110b877bebef37ba","relate_stocks":{".DJI":"道琼斯"},"source_url":"https://news.ushknews.com/mobile/details.html?id=1002593","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1130018051","content_text":"花旗称期限溢价上升可能引发资金从信贷产品和股市外流\n如果试图破译国债收益率走势动荡是源于通货膨胀上升,抑或是投资者预测疫情过后经济会强劲攀升,这种做法不免一叶障目而不见森林,因为这实际上是债券投资者在宣称,他们希望借钱给政府能够获得跟以往类似的回报。\n整个金融市场可能因此发生巨变。一些观察人士警告说,这种巨变可能使债券收益率的上限难以控制,甚至还会带来这样一个疑问:随着传统的替代资产多年来首次变得具有吸引力,在股市中投入重金的投资者是否会变得对风险更加敏感。\n本月,长期国债收益率飙升至一年多来的高点,在美联储超宽松货币政策、财政刺激和企业恢复营业等多重因素的共同作用下,一个跟踪长期国债的指标跌入“熊市”。基金经理和分析人士指出,基准10年期国债收益率的升幅中,超过一半的升幅来自所谓期限溢价的上升。简而言之,就是投资者为持有长期美国国债而不是改投较短期债券所要求的额外收益率补偿。\n“突然看到利率市场脱锚,风险溢价上升,甚至可能还会继续走高,这非常令人不安。” 花旗集团的全球信贷产品策略负责人Matt King说。“如果这种情况持续下去,并且发展迅速,那么将会出现资金从信贷产品甚至股票基金中外流,破坏市场稳定。那个时候,问题就将是经济是否会受到影响。\n期限溢价上升是一个警示信号。由于通胀加速以及拜登政府财政刺激用力过猛的风险上升,投资者也因而为持有美国国债要求更高的补偿。King说,过去十年来,低水平、甚至为负值的期限溢价一直是压低其他资产类别风险溢价的关键因素。\n一些背景有助于更好地了解市场所发生的变化。\n从历史上看,投资者要求某种形式的收益率奖励来长期锁定他们的资金,而不是每年都滚动投资新债券。2008年全球金融危机爆发,美联储开始购买债券,令这种情况发生了改变。自2016年年中以来的大部分时间里,期限溢价都低于零,但在今年2月转为正值。\n根据纽约联储银行的ACM模型,10年期的期限溢价本月达到约0.68个百分点。在大流行病的最严重时期,该期限溢价最低跌至负1.15%,而往回追溯至1960年的平均水平为1.56%。\n美国国债末日将届?华尔街针对后QE时代的债券交易指南\n10年期美国国债收益率上周达到1.75%,是2020年1月以来最高水平。剔除了物价压力影响、因而被视为更纯粹的增长预期指标的实际收益率也有所攀升。交易员对通胀的预期也有所走高,债券市场对未来十年年度通胀预期的一个替代指标约为2.33%。\n贝莱德公司的Bob Miller表示,一系列因素推高了期限溢价。首先,美联储去年开始允许价格压力在一段时间内过热,以便使较长时间内的通货膨胀率均值达到2%,这令一切都发生了改变。另外,在股票-债券60-40组合中,美国国债已经失去了对冲作用。并且,为了给大流行病纾困支出提供资金,美国国债的发行规模激增。\n“所有这三个因素都促使投资者不再愿意以负期限溢价持有美国国债,”Miller说。\n供应压力\n根据摩根大通的估计,今年美国国债的净发行量将约为3.06万亿美元。虽然低于去年创纪录的4.3万亿美元,但私人投资者必须消化的新的中长期债券将超过2020年,因为美联储的购买规模将会下降。\nMiller说,10年期期限溢价可能会再上升100至150个基点。高盛集团的Praveen Korapaty和Cornerstone Macro LLC的Roberto Perli也都预测期限溢价将会上升。\n“市场正在为更高的通胀风险定价,这是有道理的,因为财政和货币两方面的政策都支持通胀上升这种结果,”Korapaty说。“无论实际通货膨胀是否会变高,你必须承认风险的分布偏向于通货膨胀上升。”\n美联储每月购买800亿美元的美国国债和400亿美元的抵押贷款支持债券,并表示在2023年底之前都会将政策利率维持在接近零的水平。\n在财政方面,白宫在上个月签署了1.9万亿美元的刺激计划后,正在为进一步的财政刺激措施做准备。总统乔·拜登的团队将公布一份3万亿美元经济计划的细节,预计基础设施建设和气候变化将是该计划的重点。\n目前而言,期限溢价引导债券收益率上升并没有令财政部长珍妮特·耶伦感到恐惧。那是因为她对财政空间的衡量标准与偿债成本有关,而目前的偿债成本仍然低于以往的财政年度。\n但即便如此,如果收益率过高,偿债成本就将会带来痛楚,历史上,曾经有过决策者的计划因债券市场而遭受重创的案例。\n总统比尔·克林顿在1993年不得不压缩其雄心勃勃的财政刺激计划,因为他被告知,债券投资者将对由此产生的债务和赤字增加做出负面反应,从而导致整个经济的借贷成本上升。当时克林顿的民主党政治顾问James Carville曾经对债券市场拥有的强大力量做出过著名的讽刺。\n眼下,76岁的Carville正在思考债券市场会不会再度成为一个麻烦。\n“在过去的大约二十年里,债券市场一直没有让任何人感到恐惧,它只是作为一个休眠的庞然大物呆在那里,”他在电话中说: 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