kcling的个人主页 - 老虎社区

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0勋章

2021-12-22

Market so red 📈

2021-11-01

Treat 🎃 or Trade 📈

@小虎活动:[Halloween Game] Trade or Treat!

2021-10-14

[财迷]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-08-30

[开心] //@kcling: Like

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-05-05

[惊吓]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-05-03

[财迷]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-05-01

[财迷]

Berkshire Hathaway Q1 Earnings Here！

2021-04-30

[傲娇]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-04-23

[流泪]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-04-22

[捂脸]

3 Reasons Cathie Wood Has Invested $580 Million in Coinbase's IPO

2021-04-21

[得意]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-04-16

加油

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-04-14

Buy [思考]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-04-14

[强]

SpaceX adds to previous equity round, pushing Elon Musk’s last raise total to nearly $1.2 billion

2021-04-13

[财迷]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-04-08

$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$[流泪]

2021-02-19

$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$[丢脸]

2021-02-16

//@kcling: [微笑]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-02-16

[微笑]

抱歉，原内容已删除

2021-02-12

[开心]

Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house

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Berkshire Hathaway Inc   :Full report here！* Q1 NET EARNINGS ATTRIBUTABLE TO BERKS","content":"<p>May 1 (Reuters) - Berkshire Hathaway Inc   :</p><p><a href=\"https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/qtrly/1stqtr21.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Full report here！</a></p><p>* Q1 NET EARNINGS ATTRIBUTABLE TO BERKSHIRE SHAREHOLDERS $11.71 BILLION VERSUS YEAR-EARLIER $49.75 BILLION LOSS</p><p>* Q1 OPERATING EARNINGS $7.02 BILLION VERSUS $5.87 BILLION</p><p>* Q1 NET EARNINGS PER AVERAGE EQUIVALENT CLASS A SHARE $7,638</p><p>* Q1 NET EARNINGS FROM INVESTMENT AND DERIVATIVE GAINS $4.69 BILLION VERSUS YEAR-EARLIER $55.62 BILLION NET LOSS</p><p>* AT MARCH 31, 2021, INSURANCE FLOAT WAS ABOUT $140 BILLION, INCREASE OF ABOUT $2 BILLION SINCE YEAREND 2020</p><p>* ABOUT $6.6 BILLION WAS USED TO PURCHASE SHARES OF CLASS A AND CLASS B COMMON STOCK DURING THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2021</p><p>Source text for Eikon:    Further company coverage:</p><p><a href=\"https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/qtrly/1stqtr21.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Full article of Berkshire Hathaway Q1 report</a></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Berkshire Hathaway Q1 Earnings Here！</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nBerkshire Hathaway Q1 Earnings Here！\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/1036604489\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/443ce19704621c837795676028cec868);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">Reuters </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-05-01 20:27</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>May 1 (Reuters) - Berkshire Hathaway Inc   :</p><p><a href=\"https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/qtrly/1stqtr21.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Full report here！</a></p><p>* Q1 NET EARNINGS ATTRIBUTABLE TO BERKSHIRE SHAREHOLDERS $11.71 BILLION VERSUS YEAR-EARLIER $49.75 BILLION LOSS</p><p>* Q1 OPERATING EARNINGS $7.02 BILLION VERSUS $5.87 BILLION</p><p>* Q1 NET EARNINGS PER AVERAGE EQUIVALENT CLASS A SHARE $7,638</p><p>* Q1 NET EARNINGS FROM INVESTMENT AND DERIVATIVE GAINS $4.69 BILLION VERSUS YEAR-EARLIER $55.62 BILLION NET LOSS</p><p>* AT MARCH 31, 2021, INSURANCE FLOAT WAS ABOUT $140 BILLION, INCREASE OF ABOUT $2 BILLION SINCE YEAREND 2020</p><p>* ABOUT $6.6 BILLION WAS USED TO PURCHASE SHARES OF CLASS A AND CLASS B COMMON STOCK DURING THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2021</p><p>Source text for Eikon:    Further company coverage:</p><p><a href=\"https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/qtrly/1stqtr21.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Full article of Berkshire Hathaway Q1 report</a></p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"BRK.B":"伯克希尔B","BRK.A":"伯克希尔"},"is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2132603015","content_text":"May 1 (Reuters) - Berkshire Hathaway Inc   :Full report here！* Q1 NET EARNINGS ATTRIBUTABLE TO BERKSHIRE SHAREHOLDERS $11.71 BILLION VERSUS YEAR-EARLIER $49.75 BILLION LOSS* Q1 OPERATING EARNINGS $7.02 BILLION VERSUS $5.87 BILLION* Q1 NET EARNINGS PER AVERAGE EQUIVALENT CLASS A SHARE $7,638* Q1 NET EARNINGS FROM INVESTMENT AND DERIVATIVE GAINS $4.69 BILLION VERSUS YEAR-EARLIER $55.62 BILLION NET LOSS* AT MARCH 31, 2021, INSURANCE FLOAT WAS ABOUT $140 BILLION, INCREASE OF ABOUT $2 BILLION SINCE YEAREND 2020* ABOUT $6.6 BILLION WAS USED TO PURCHASE SHARES OF CLASS A AND CLASS B COMMON STOCK DURING THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2021Source text for Eikon:    Further company coverage:Full article of Berkshire Hathaway Q1 report","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":844,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":103403289,"gmtCreate":1619797177741,"gmtModify":1634209838678,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[傲娇]&nbsp;","listText":"[傲娇]&nbsp;","text":"[傲娇]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/103403289","repostId":"1142063705","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":226,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":372938721,"gmtCreate":1619166734063,"gmtModify":1634288053368,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[流泪]&nbsp;","listText":"[流泪]&nbsp;","text":"[流泪]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/372938721","repostId":"1128911279","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":370,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":376694617,"gmtCreate":1619106981039,"gmtModify":1634288483028,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[捂脸]&nbsp;","listText":"[捂脸]&nbsp;","text":"[捂脸]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/376694617","repostId":"2129533898","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2129533898","pubTimestamp":1619105420,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2129533898?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-04-22 23:30","market":"us","language":"en","title":"3 Reasons Cathie Wood Has Invested $580 Million in Coinbase's IPO","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2129533898","media":"Motley Fool","summary":"ARK Invest continues to bet big on the future of cryptocurrency.","content":"<p>Cathie Wood has become something of an investing phenomenon over the past year. The founder and CEO of ARK Investment Management made a name for herself in 2020 when her five flagship exchange-traded funds (ETFs) crushed the returns of the broader market, each notching gains of more than 100%, by focusing on emerging technologies and disruptive high-growth stocks.</p>\n<p>Wood made headlines again last week when she invested in <b>Coinbase Global</b> (NASDAQ:COIN) on the day it went public. ARK hasn't stopped there, buying more Coinbase stock each day since its direct listing. ARK Invest now owns almost 1.9 million Coinbase shares -- worth roughly $580 million at Thursday's prices -- in three of the firm's ETFs: <b>ARK Fintech Innovation</b>, <b>ARK Innovation</b>, and <b>ARK Next Generation Internet</b>.</p>\n<p>Let's look at three reasons Wood was so quick to add Coinbase shares to ARK Invest's coffers.</p>\n<p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af28e6924a8799f446c42cce0a61647f\" tg-width=\"700\" tg-height=\"466\"><span>Image source: Getty Images.</span></p>\n<h2>1. A breakout year for Coinbase</h2>\n<p>The ongoing boom in cryptocurrency has attracted the attention of novice and experienced investors alike. Coinbase Global is the leading cryptocurrency exchange in the U.S., allowing enthusiasts to buy and sell a wide range of popular digital currencies. The company makes the majority of its revenue from the transaction fees it charges for each sale.</p>\n<p>The platform has more than 56 million individual users, 7,000 institutions, and 115,000 partners in over 100 countries. Its growing user base gives the company an unmatched ecosystem that has something for everyone, from the beginning cryptocurrency enthusiast to the more experienced buyer.</p>\n<p>2020 was a breakout year for Coinbase, so it isn't surprising that it caught Wood's attention. Coinbase reported that revenue grew 139% year over year to $1.14 billion. At the same time, profits turned positive with net income of $322 million, pivoting from a loss of $30 million in 2019. As a result, the company's adjusted EBITDA surged more than 2,000% to $527 million.</p>\n<p>Preliminary results show that growth accelerated during the first quarter of this year. Revenue surged to $1.8 billion, a ninefold increase from $191 million in the prior-year quarter. For context, revenue tripled compared to the fourth quarter, while exceeding Coinbase's revenue for all of last year. While the final numbers haven't been released, net income is expected to be in a range of $730 million to $800 million, soaring nearly 2,300% year over year, at the midpoint of its range.</p>\n<p>Given the eye-catching results, Coinbase would have certainly been on Wood's radar.</p>\n<p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://g.foolcdn.com/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fg.foolcdn.com%2Feditorial%2Fimages%2F622066%2Fshiny-gold-bitcoin-with-market-graph-background.jpg&amp;w=700&amp;op=resize\" tg-width=\"700\" tg-height=\"463\"><span>Image source: Getty Images.</span></p>\n<h2>2. A longtime believer in cryptocurrency</h2>\n<p>Wood has long been a proponent of digital assets, buying <b>Bitcoin</b>&nbsp;back in 2015 -- before it entered the zeitgeist. She was particularly intrigued by the potential for blockchain, the digital ledger technology that underpins cryptocurrency. Wood has even gone so far as to say that Bitcoin's price could eventually top $500,000 -- nine times its current price, which is around $55,000 at this writing.</p>\n<p>A quick look at ARK's funds shows that Wood continues to bet big on the potential for cryptocurrency and blockchain. ARK Next Generation Internet holds more than 5% of its $6.9 billion in funds under management in <b>Grayscale Bitcoin Trust</b>&nbsp;-- the first publicly traded security investing solely in Bitcoin.</p>\n<p>That's not all. <b>Square</b> is the No. 1, 2, or 3 holding of three ARK funds and was among the first to offer users more widespread cryptocurrency accessibility. The point-of-sale and digital payments provider first tested buying and selling Bitcoin on its platform in late 2017,&nbsp;before expanding access to all users in early 2018.&nbsp;Rival <b><a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PYPL\">PayPal</a> Holdings</b>&nbsp;also debuted a service late last year that enables users to buy, hold, and sell cryptocurrency. The digital payments pioneer is another significant holding in two of ARK's funds.</p>\n<p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2c550b69128615840dbd71444ac6fb94\" tg-width=\"700\" tg-height=\"466\"><span>Image source: Getty Images.</span></p>\n<h2>3. Cryptocurrency is still in its infancy</h2>\n<p>While it may seem like cryptocurrency is finally entering the mainstream, it's actually still early days for the digital payment method. Hester Peirce, a commissioner with the Securities and Exchange Commission, says cryptocurrency is still in its infancy, but interest is growing.</p>\n<p>\"We're seeing more interest coming from institutional quarters than we have in the past,\" Peirce said during a live-stream financial conference. \"As people are more comfortable working in a virtual world in every industry now, I think people are likely to turn more interest to the crypto space. And as people are looking to diversify their portfolios, I think people are also likely to look more to the crypto space.\"</p>\n<p>A recent study of 30,000 Americans found that roughly 57% say they understand cryptocurrency, about 14% say they are currently invested in crypto and another 15% are planning to invest, according to a nationwide poll conducted by Piplsay Research.</p>\n<p>Meanwhile, 43% of respondents said they either didn't understand or hadn't even heard of cryptocurrencies. This shows that cryptocurrency has a long way to go before it reaches maturity, with plenty of growth potential.</p>\n<h2>A bit of context</h2>\n<p>It's important to put Wood's purchase of Coinbase Global into context. After buying more than a million shares and spending hundreds of millions of dollars, Coinbase only amounts to a little more than 1% of funds under management for each of the three ARK funds that hold the stock.</p>\n<p>By adding Coinbase into the mix, however, Wood is increasing her bet on the overall potential for cryptocurrency, without putting too many eggs in <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AONE\">one</a> basket.</p>","source":"fool_stock","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>3 Reasons Cathie Wood Has Invested $580 Million in Coinbase's IPO</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n3 Reasons Cathie Wood Has Invested $580 Million in Coinbase's IPO\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-04-22 23:30 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://www.fool.com/investing/2021/04/22/3-reasons-cathie-wood-has-invested-580-million-in/><strong>Motley Fool</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>Cathie Wood has become something of an investing phenomenon over the past year. The founder and CEO of ARK Investment Management made a name for herself in 2020 when her five flagship exchange-traded ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.fool.com/investing/2021/04/22/3-reasons-cathie-wood-has-invested-580-million-in/\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"ARKF":"ARK Fintech Innovation ETF","COIN":"Coinbase Global, Inc.","ARKW":"ARK Next Generation Internation ETF"},"source_url":"https://www.fool.com/investing/2021/04/22/3-reasons-cathie-wood-has-invested-580-million-in/","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2129533898","content_text":"Cathie Wood has become something of an investing phenomenon over the past year. The founder and CEO of ARK Investment Management made a name for herself in 2020 when her five flagship exchange-traded funds (ETFs) crushed the returns of the broader market, each notching gains of more than 100%, by focusing on emerging technologies and disruptive high-growth stocks.\nWood made headlines again last week when she invested in Coinbase Global (NASDAQ:COIN) on the day it went public. ARK hasn't stopped there, buying more Coinbase stock each day since its direct listing. ARK Invest now owns almost 1.9 million Coinbase shares -- worth roughly $580 million at Thursday's prices -- in three of the firm's ETFs: ARK Fintech Innovation, ARK Innovation, and ARK Next Generation Internet.\nLet's look at three reasons Wood was so quick to add Coinbase shares to ARK Invest's coffers.\nImage source: Getty Images.\n1. A breakout year for Coinbase\nThe ongoing boom in cryptocurrency has attracted the attention of novice and experienced investors alike. Coinbase Global is the leading cryptocurrency exchange in the U.S., allowing enthusiasts to buy and sell a wide range of popular digital currencies. The company makes the majority of its revenue from the transaction fees it charges for each sale.\nThe platform has more than 56 million individual users, 7,000 institutions, and 115,000 partners in over 100 countries. Its growing user base gives the company an unmatched ecosystem that has something for everyone, from the beginning cryptocurrency enthusiast to the more experienced buyer.\n2020 was a breakout year for Coinbase, so it isn't surprising that it caught Wood's attention. Coinbase reported that revenue grew 139% year over year to $1.14 billion. At the same time, profits turned positive with net income of $322 million, pivoting from a loss of $30 million in 2019. As a result, the company's adjusted EBITDA surged more than 2,000% to $527 million.\nPreliminary results show that growth accelerated during the first quarter of this year. Revenue surged to $1.8 billion, a ninefold increase from $191 million in the prior-year quarter. For context, revenue tripled compared to the fourth quarter, while exceeding Coinbase's revenue for all of last year. While the final numbers haven't been released, net income is expected to be in a range of $730 million to $800 million, soaring nearly 2,300% year over year, at the midpoint of its range.\nGiven the eye-catching results, Coinbase would have certainly been on Wood's radar.\nImage source: Getty Images.\n2. A longtime believer in cryptocurrency\nWood has long been a proponent of digital assets, buying Bitcoin back in 2015 -- before it entered the zeitgeist. She was particularly intrigued by the potential for blockchain, the digital ledger technology that underpins cryptocurrency. Wood has even gone so far as to say that Bitcoin's price could eventually top $500,000 -- nine times its current price, which is around $55,000 at this writing.\nA quick look at ARK's funds shows that Wood continues to bet big on the potential for cryptocurrency and blockchain. ARK Next Generation Internet holds more than 5% of its $6.9 billion in funds under management in Grayscale Bitcoin Trust -- the first publicly traded security investing solely in Bitcoin.\nThat's not all. Square is the No. 1, 2, or 3 holding of three ARK funds and was among the first to offer users more widespread cryptocurrency accessibility. The point-of-sale and digital payments provider first tested buying and selling Bitcoin on its platform in late 2017, before expanding access to all users in early 2018. Rival PayPal Holdings also debuted a service late last year that enables users to buy, hold, and sell cryptocurrency. The digital payments pioneer is another significant holding in two of ARK's funds.\nImage source: Getty Images.\n3. Cryptocurrency is still in its infancy\nWhile it may seem like cryptocurrency is finally entering the mainstream, it's actually still early days for the digital payment method. Hester Peirce, a commissioner with the Securities and Exchange Commission, says cryptocurrency is still in its infancy, but interest is growing.\n\"We're seeing more interest coming from institutional quarters than we have in the past,\" Peirce said during a live-stream financial conference. \"As people are more comfortable working in a virtual world in every industry now, I think people are likely to turn more interest to the crypto space. And as people are looking to diversify their portfolios, I think people are also likely to look more to the crypto space.\"\nA recent study of 30,000 Americans found that roughly 57% say they understand cryptocurrency, about 14% say they are currently invested in crypto and another 15% are planning to invest, according to a nationwide poll conducted by Piplsay Research.\nMeanwhile, 43% of respondents said they either didn't understand or hadn't even heard of cryptocurrencies. This shows that cryptocurrency has a long way to go before it reaches maturity, with plenty of growth potential.\nA bit of context\nIt's important to put Wood's purchase of Coinbase Global into context. After buying more than a million shares and spending hundreds of millions of dollars, Coinbase only amounts to a little more than 1% of funds under management for each of the three ARK funds that hold the stock.\nBy adding Coinbase into the mix, however, Wood is increasing her bet on the overall potential for cryptocurrency, without putting too many eggs in one basket.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":420,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":371209832,"gmtCreate":1618934709626,"gmtModify":1634289756648,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[得意]&nbsp;","listText":"[得意]&nbsp;","text":"[得意]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/371209832","repostId":"1121126533","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":279,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":370180651,"gmtCreate":1618562373373,"gmtModify":1634292065605,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"加油","listText":"加油","text":"加油","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/370180651","repostId":"1164339734","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":181,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":344595732,"gmtCreate":1618413695826,"gmtModify":1634293088321,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Buy&nbsp;[思考]&nbsp;","listText":"Buy&nbsp;[思考]&nbsp;","text":"Buy [思考]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/344595732","repostId":"1145468327","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":241,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":344592653,"gmtCreate":1618413637372,"gmtModify":1634293089020,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[强]&nbsp;","listText":"[强]&nbsp;","text":"[强]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/344592653","repostId":"1138811135","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1138811135","pubTimestamp":1618411981,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1138811135?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-04-14 22:53","market":"us","language":"en","title":"SpaceX adds to previous equity round, pushing Elon Musk’s last raise total to nearly $1.2 billion","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1138811135","media":"cnbc","summary":"KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securitie","content":"<div>\n<p>KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding to the $850 million ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n","source":"cnbc_highlight","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>SpaceX adds to previous equity round, pushing Elon Musk’s last raise total to nearly $1.2 billion</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; 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overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nSpaceX adds to previous equity round, pushing Elon Musk’s last raise total to nearly $1.2 billion\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-04-14 22:53 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html><strong>cnbc</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding to the $850 million ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/72bb72e1b84c09fca865c6dcb1bbcd16","article_id":"1138811135","content_text":"KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding to the $850 million that CNBC reported the company raised in February.\nThe amendment brings the round’s new total equity raised to $1.16 billion, which the company raised at a valuation of about $74 billion.\n\nElon Musk’sSpaceX added more money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding tothe $850 million that CNBC reportedthe company raised in February. The amendment brings the round’s new total equity raised to $1.16 billion, which the companyraised at a valuation of about $74 billion.\nStrong demand for the company’s shares centers aroundits ambitious Starship and Starlink projects.\nStarship is the next-generation rocket that Musk’s company is developing, designed to be more powerful than even the Saturn V rockets that carried astronauts to the moon.\nStarlink is a global satellite network, which SpaceX is beginning to use to bring high-speed internet to customers.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":21,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":345561957,"gmtCreate":1618324072279,"gmtModify":1634293705030,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","listText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","text":"[财迷]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/345561957","repostId":"1171091277","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":81,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":348186404,"gmtCreate":1617893944008,"gmtModify":1634295891140,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[流泪]&nbsp;","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[流泪]&nbsp;","text":"$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$[流泪]","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/aacfe6eaa1dad049ebae7927520fc0b7","width":"1080","height":"1920"}],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/348186404","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":100,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":1,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":387642152,"gmtCreate":1613746877176,"gmtModify":1634552386251,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[丢脸]&nbsp;","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[丢脸]&nbsp;","text":"$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$[丢脸]","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e730b5130be78741c34f8d84687bb605","width":"1080","height":"1920"}],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/387642152","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":485,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":1,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":382680388,"gmtCreate":1613441099544,"gmtModify":1634553676867,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"//<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/U/3562814548488083\">@kcling</a>: [微笑]&nbsp;","listText":"//<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/U/3562814548488083\">@kcling</a>: [微笑]&nbsp;","text":"//@kcling: [微笑]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/382680388","repostId":"1185344045","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":40,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":382617392,"gmtCreate":1613441019516,"gmtModify":1634553677679,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","listText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","text":"[微笑]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/382617392","repostId":"1185344045","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":209,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":386049227,"gmtCreate":1613120183069,"gmtModify":1634554459451,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[开心]&nbsp;","listText":"[开心]&nbsp;","text":"[开心]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/386049227","repostId":"2110026963","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2110026963","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"Dow Jones publishes the world’s most trusted business news and financial information in a variety of media.","home_visible":0,"media_name":"Dow Jones","id":"106","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/150f88aa4d182df19190059f4a365e99"},"pubTimestamp":1613109422,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2110026963?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-02-12 13:57","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2110026963","media":"Dow Jones","summary":"The growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis. For most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon $$, electric-car maker Tesla $$, and e-commerce platform Shopify -- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.But when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer $$ and its partner BioNTech $$ had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something pro","content":"<p>MW Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house</p>\n<p>The growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis</p>\n<p>For most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AMZN\">$(AMZN)$</a>, electric-car maker Tesla <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">$(TSLA)$</a>, and e-commerce platform Shopify (SHOP.T)-- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.</p>\n<p>But when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">$(PFE)$</a> and its partner BioNTech <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BNTX\">$(BNTX)$</a> had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something profound happened in financial markets.</p>\n<p>Investors rotated out of these investments in favor of \"value\" stocks hammered by the COVID-19 pandemic, like airlines.</p>\n<p>This rotation was based on an essential concept in investing: There are some stocks that are clearly undervalued based on standard metrics.</p>\n<p>And it is completely flawed, according to research from ValuAnalysis, a London-based fund manager and equity investment boutique, which specializes in valuation.</p>\n<p>The apparent difference between growth stocks and value stocks is that the former is overvalued based on fundamental metrics while the latter is undervalued.</p>\n<p>\"Everyone knows that this thing doesn't make any sense because growth is not the opposite of value,\" Pascal Costantini, who led the research at ValuAnalysis, tells MarketWatch.</p>\n<p>\"It should be high-growth and low-growth, and I can imagine that, somewhere in an office, some guy said 'well this is not catchy enough, so how about growth and value?'\"</p>\n<p>Analysts and investors use metrics like the price-to-earnings ratio, or price multiple, to value stocks. ValuAnalysis uses price as a multiple of normalized net free cash flow as its benchmark, and identifies the imaginary dividing line between value and growth stocks at 35x, which is the market median.</p>\n<p>The value vs. growth divide would suggest that a company trading at a 17x earnings multiple is undervalued. In reality, ValuAnalysis says it is likely a company that won't grow.</p>\n<p>In reality, a stock's value is based on the company's ability to grow free cash flow in an environment where the cost of capital is 5% to 6%. So if a company isn't outpacing that by improving revenue and margins, the multiple won't increase and the stock price is unlikely to rise.</p>\n<p>Stocks that are actually undervalued will trade between 25x and 35x free cash flow, Costantini says, outpacing the cost of capital but not breaking past the market median.</p>\n<p>To have potential, a company's accumulation of assets or revenue growth must outpace increases in global gross domestic product, and ideally show signs of accelerating. There must also be an increase in operational leverage through revenue or margins. A decrease in the risk premium, such as through advances in controlling carbon emissions, helps.</p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; 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}\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nHere's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<div class=\"head\" \">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/150f88aa4d182df19190059f4a365e99);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">Dow Jones </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-02-12 13:57</p>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>MW Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house</p>\n<p>The growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis</p>\n<p>For most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AMZN\">$(AMZN)$</a>, electric-car maker Tesla <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">$(TSLA)$</a>, and e-commerce platform Shopify (SHOP.T)-- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.</p>\n<p>But when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">$(PFE)$</a> and its partner BioNTech <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BNTX\">$(BNTX)$</a> had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something profound happened in financial markets.</p>\n<p>Investors rotated out of these investments in favor of \"value\" stocks hammered by the COVID-19 pandemic, like airlines.</p>\n<p>This rotation was based on an essential concept in investing: There are some stocks that are clearly undervalued based on standard metrics.</p>\n<p>And it is completely flawed, according to research from ValuAnalysis, a London-based fund manager and equity investment boutique, which specializes in valuation.</p>\n<p>The apparent difference between growth stocks and value stocks is that the former is overvalued based on fundamental metrics while the latter is undervalued.</p>\n<p>\"Everyone knows that this thing doesn't make any sense because growth is not the opposite of value,\" Pascal Costantini, who led the research at ValuAnalysis, tells MarketWatch.</p>\n<p>\"It should be high-growth and low-growth, and I can imagine that, somewhere in an office, some guy said 'well this is not catchy enough, so how about growth and value?'\"</p>\n<p>Analysts and investors use metrics like the price-to-earnings ratio, or price multiple, to value stocks. ValuAnalysis uses price as a multiple of normalized net free cash flow as its benchmark, and identifies the imaginary dividing line between value and growth stocks at 35x, which is the market median.</p>\n<p>The value vs. growth divide would suggest that a company trading at a 17x earnings multiple is undervalued. In reality, ValuAnalysis says it is likely a company that won't grow.</p>\n<p>In reality, a stock's value is based on the company's ability to grow free cash flow in an environment where the cost of capital is 5% to 6%. So if a company isn't outpacing that by improving revenue and margins, the multiple won't increase and the stock price is unlikely to rise.</p>\n<p>Stocks that are actually undervalued will trade between 25x and 35x free cash flow, Costantini says, outpacing the cost of capital but not breaking past the market median.</p>\n<p>To have potential, a company's accumulation of assets or revenue growth must outpace increases in global gross domestic product, and ideally show signs of accelerating. There must also be an increase in operational leverage through revenue or margins. A decrease in the risk premium, such as through advances in controlling carbon emissions, helps.</p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/15e20574f8fb568333181d61bb200086","relate_stocks":{"PFE":"辉瑞","AMZN":"亚马逊","TSLA":"特斯拉"},"is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2110026963","content_text":"MW Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house\nThe growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis\nFor most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon $(AMZN)$, electric-car maker Tesla $(TSLA)$, and e-commerce platform Shopify (SHOP.T)-- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.\nBut when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer $(PFE)$ and its partner BioNTech $(BNTX)$ had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something profound happened in financial markets.\nInvestors rotated out of these investments in favor of \"value\" stocks hammered by the COVID-19 pandemic, like airlines.\nThis rotation was based on an essential concept in investing: There are some stocks that are clearly undervalued based on standard metrics.\nAnd it is completely flawed, according to research from ValuAnalysis, a London-based fund manager and equity investment boutique, which specializes in valuation.\nThe apparent difference between growth stocks and value stocks is that the former is overvalued based on fundamental metrics while the latter is undervalued.\n\"Everyone knows that this thing doesn't make any sense because growth is not the opposite of value,\" Pascal Costantini, who led the research at ValuAnalysis, tells MarketWatch.\n\"It should be high-growth and low-growth, and I can imagine that, somewhere in an office, some guy said 'well this is not catchy enough, so how about growth and value?'\"\nAnalysts and investors use metrics like the price-to-earnings ratio, or price multiple, to value stocks. ValuAnalysis uses price as a multiple of normalized net free cash flow as its benchmark, and identifies the imaginary dividing line between value and growth stocks at 35x, which is the market median.\nThe value vs. growth divide would suggest that a company trading at a 17x earnings multiple is undervalued. In reality, ValuAnalysis says it is likely a company that won't grow.\nIn reality, a stock's value is based on the company's ability to grow free cash flow in an environment where the cost of capital is 5% to 6%. So if a company isn't outpacing that by improving revenue and margins, the multiple won't increase and the stock price is unlikely to rise.\nStocks that are actually undervalued will trade between 25x and 35x free cash flow, Costantini says, outpacing the cost of capital but not breaking past the market median.\nTo have potential, a company's accumulation of assets or revenue growth must outpace increases in global gross domestic product, and ideally show signs of accelerating. There must also be an increase in operational leverage through revenue or margins. A decrease in the risk premium, such as through advances in controlling carbon emissions, helps.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":207,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0}],"hots":[{"id":811535390,"gmtCreate":1630331486710,"gmtModify":1704958591271,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[开心]&nbsp;//<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/U/3562814548488083\">@kcling</a>: Like","listText":"[开心]&nbsp;//<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/U/3562814548488083\">@kcling</a>: Like","text":"[开心] //@kcling: Like","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":9,"repostSize":1,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/811535390","repostId":"2159248377","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2159248377","pubTimestamp":1629097076,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2159248377?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-08-16 14:57","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Retail sales, Target and Walmart earnings: What to know this week","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2159248377","media":"Yahoo Finance","summary":"The U.S. consumer will be in focus this week, with the Commerce Department's monthly retail sales re","content":"<p>The U.S. consumer will be in focus this week, with the Commerce Department's monthly retail sales report and earnings results from two of the country's largest big box retailers all on deck.</p>\n<p>Tuesday's report from the Commerce Department is expected to show that retail sales dropped in July compared to June, with consumer spending pulling back as concerns over the Delta variant increased and the impacts of government-issued stimulus checks earlier this year waned.</p>\n<p>Consensus economists expect to see a 0.2% drop in retail sales month-on-month following June's 0.6% gain. This would be the first monthly drop since May, though it would still leave retail sales up markedly from last year's pandemic-depressed levels. Retail sales have risen in four of the past six months, with notable surges coming in January and March in the wake of the distribution of stimulus checks.</p>\n<p>While the underlying trend in consumer spending is decelerating, some of the expected drop in July's retail sales report will also be technical, some economists pointed out. Namely, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AMZN\">Amazon.com</a> – one of the largest retailers in the U.S. — held its annual Prime Day sales extravaganza a month early in June rather than in July, pulling forward the rush of spending and creating a tougher comparison to retail sales compared to last year. E-commerce sales — or \"non-store retailers' sales,\" as the Commerce Department labels them — grew 1.2% in June overall compared to May.</p>\n<p>\"One of the main reasons for July's weakness was due to a slowdown in online retail sales, which we believe owes in large part to the timing of Prime Day promotions this year,\" Bank of America economist Michelle Meyer wrote in a note Friday. \"Historically, Prime Day is in mid-July but this year was pulled forward to June. Since the seasonal factors are set based on a gain in July, the data will be adjusted lower on a [seasonally adjusted] basis for online spending.\"</p>\n<p>Meyer also notes that the government retail sales report captures more consumer spending on goods rather than on services, and therefore will likely also downplay the spending that has been occurring in the travel and leisure industries as consumer mobility picked up in the coming months.</p>\n<p>But with coronavirus cases rising as the Delta variant spreads, the path forward for consumer spending has become less clear. Recent data showing a rapid deterioration in consumer confidence has been most concerning on this front, suggesting consumers' propensity to spend might be sinking.</p>\n<p>On Friday, the headline index in the University of Michigan's preliminary August sentiment survey sank to 70.2 — the lowest level since 2011, and a tick below even April 2020's previous pandemic-era low of 71.8. An increase in concern over the pace of the economic recovery due to the Delta variant was one of the primary drivers of the decrease, according to the institution.</p>\n<p>The disappointing University of Michigan sentiment print \"suggests the latest wave of virus cases driven by the Delta variant could be a bigger drag on the economy than we had thought,\" Andrew Hunter, senior U.S. economist for Capital Economics, wrote in a note Friday.</p>\n<p>\"With the fiscal stimulus boost now well passed and surging prices starting to hit real incomes, the drop in confidence is another reason to expect consumption growth to slow sharply over the coming months,\" he added.</p>\n<h2>Walmart, Target earnings</h2>\n<p>Quarterly earnings results from Walmart and Target are set to provide more details on trends in consumer spending at the individual company level.</p>\n<p>Both companies have seen their e-commerce businesses benefit from the shift to digital transactions during the pandemic, while also gaining as consumers sought out big box stores that facilitated one-stop shopping trips for all necessities.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://s.yimg.com/os/creatr-uploaded-images/2021-08/a4748d10-fc5a-11eb-ad1d-4148ce964df2\" tg-width=\"5760\" tg-height=\"3840\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" width=\"100%\" height=\"auto\">FILE - In this Feb. 18, 2020 file photo, the logo for Walmart appears above a trading post on the floor of the New York. Walmart says it has removed ammunition and firearms from displays at some of its stores. The move comes in the wake of the killing of George Floyd that has set off sometimes violent demonstrations against police brutality and injustice against African Americans. </p>\n<p>One of the primary challenges for both companies will be showing Wall Street they have still grown and retained the customers and level of sales brought on during the pandemic. The second quarter of last year marked the height of stay-in-place orders in the U.S., putting second-quarter results for this year up against especially tough comparisons.</p>\n<p>Walmart, the biggest retailer in the U.S., is expected to see overall revenue dip by 1% to $136.6 billion for its July quarter, marking its first year-over-year sales decline since fiscal 2016. E-commerce sales are expected to decelerate further, and most recently grew at a 37% rate in the first quarter after peaking at a 97% growth rate in the second quarter of last year.</p>\n<p>In May before the Delta variant began spreading widely in the U.S., Walmart had raised its second-quarter and full-year outlook, citing momentum after a better-than-expected start to the year.</p>\n<p>\"The second quarter started off a bit better than originally anticipated as stimulus spending [continued] to benefit certain general merchandise categories, and we expect grocery market share gains to continue,\" said Walmart Chief Financial Officer Brett Biggs during the company's last earnings call. The updated guidance at the time assumed second-quarter earnings per share, excluding divestitures, would be up by \"low-single digits\" compared to last year, and that U.S. comparable same store sales, excluding fuel, would be up by a similar margin.</p>\n<p>Walmart may also have benefitted from spending leading up to the back-to-school season and from a pick-up in shopping in-person during the quarter. According to data from Placer.ai, Walmart's foot traffic returned to pre-pandemic levels in July as visits rose 2.9% compared to the same month in 2019.</p>\n<p>For Target, the jump in foot-traffic has been even greater on a two-year stack, surging by 15.9% in July compared to 2019, according to Placer.ai.</p>\n<p>The Minneapolis-based retailer is expected to grow revenue to $24.5 billion for the second quarter, marking an increase of 8% over last year — an above-trend growth rate by pre-pandemic standards, but a slowdown from the 23% increase posted in both the first quarter of this year and the comparable quarter last year.</p>\n<p>Target has also continued to grow digital sales even after last year's surge, with digital sales climbing 50% in the first quarter this year after a 141% jump in early 2020. A pick-up in higher-priced clothing and beauty sales may also have helped boost Target's margins in the second quarter, with consumers purchasing goods in anticipation of going back out.</p>\n<p>Shares of Target have climbed 48% so far for the year-to-date, outpacing the S&amp;P 500's nearly 19% gain over that period. Walmart's stock has increased 3.6% over the same period.</p>\n<h2>Economic calendar</h2>\n<ul>\n <li><p><b>Monday: </b>Empire Manufacturing, August (26.3 expected, 43.0 in July); Total net TIC flows, June ($105.3 billion in May); Net long-term TIC flows, June (-$30.2 billion in May)</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Tuesday: </b>Retail sales advance month-on-month, July (-0.2% expected, 0.6% in June); Retail sales excluding autos and gas, July (0.2% expected, 1.1% in June); Industrial production, month-on-month, July (0.5% expected, 0.4% in June); Capacity utilization, July (75.7% expected, 75.4% in June); Manufacturing production, July (0.7% expected, -0.1% in June); Business inventories, June (0.8% expected, 0.5% in May); NAHB Housing Market Index, August (80 expected, 80 in July)</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Wednesday: </b>MBA mortgage applications, week ended August 13 (2.8% during prior week); Building permits, month-on-month (1.0% expected, -5.3% in June); Housing starts, July (-2.3% expected, 6.3% in June); FOMC Meeting Minutes</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Thursday: </b>Initial jobless claims, week ended August 13 (375,000 during prior week); Continuing claims, week ended August 7 (2.866 million during prior week); Philadelphia Fed Business Outlook, August (24.2 expected, 21.9 in July); Leading index, July (0.8% expected, 0.7% in June)</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Friday: </b>N/A</p></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Earnings calendar</h2>\n<ul>\n <li><p><b>Monday: </b><a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/RBLX\">Roblox Corporation</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DNMR\">Danimer Scientific, Inc.</a> after market close</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Tuesday: </b><a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WMT\">Wal-Mart</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/HD\">Home Depot</a> before market open; <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DNUT\">Krispy Kreme, Inc.</a> after market close</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Wednesday: </b><a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TGT\">Target</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/LOW\">Lowe's</a>, The&nbsp;<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TJX\">TJX Companies</a> before market open; <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/HOOD\">Robinhood Markets, Inc.</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVDA\">NVIDIA Corp</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/CSCO\">Cisco</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/VSCO\">Victoria's Secret &amp; Co</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BBWI\">Bath &amp; Body Works Inc.</a> after market close</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Thursday:</b>&nbsp;<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/EL\">Estee Lauder</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TPR\">Tapestry Inc.</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/KSS\">Kohl's</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/M\">Macy's</a> before market open; <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AMAT\">Applied Materials</a> after market close</p></li>\n <li><p><b>Friday: </b><a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DE\">John Deere</a>, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/FL\">Foot Locker</a> before market open</p></li>\n</ul>","source":"yahoofinance","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Retail sales, Target and Walmart earnings: What to know this week</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; 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}\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nRetail sales, Target and Walmart earnings: What to know this week\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-08-16 14:57 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/retail-sales-target-and-walmart-earnings-what-to-know-this-week-151158073.html><strong>Yahoo Finance</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>The U.S. consumer will be in focus this week, with the Commerce Department's monthly retail sales report and earnings results from two of the country's largest big box retailers all on deck.\nTuesday's...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/retail-sales-target-and-walmart-earnings-what-to-know-this-week-151158073.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"SPY.AU":"SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust","AMZN":"亚马逊","TGT":"塔吉特","WMT":"沃尔玛"},"source_url":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/retail-sales-target-and-walmart-earnings-what-to-know-this-week-151158073.html","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/5f26f4a48f9cb3e29be4d71d3ba8c038","article_id":"2159248377","content_text":"The U.S. consumer will be in focus this week, with the Commerce Department's monthly retail sales report and earnings results from two of the country's largest big box retailers all on deck.\nTuesday's report from the Commerce Department is expected to show that retail sales dropped in July compared to June, with consumer spending pulling back as concerns over the Delta variant increased and the impacts of government-issued stimulus checks earlier this year waned.\nConsensus economists expect to see a 0.2% drop in retail sales month-on-month following June's 0.6% gain. This would be the first monthly drop since May, though it would still leave retail sales up markedly from last year's pandemic-depressed levels. Retail sales have risen in four of the past six months, with notable surges coming in January and March in the wake of the distribution of stimulus checks.\nWhile the underlying trend in consumer spending is decelerating, some of the expected drop in July's retail sales report will also be technical, some economists pointed out. Namely, Amazon.com – one of the largest retailers in the U.S. — held its annual Prime Day sales extravaganza a month early in June rather than in July, pulling forward the rush of spending and creating a tougher comparison to retail sales compared to last year. E-commerce sales — or \"non-store retailers' sales,\" as the Commerce Department labels them — grew 1.2% in June overall compared to May.\n\"One of the main reasons for July's weakness was due to a slowdown in online retail sales, which we believe owes in large part to the timing of Prime Day promotions this year,\" Bank of America economist Michelle Meyer wrote in a note Friday. \"Historically, Prime Day is in mid-July but this year was pulled forward to June. Since the seasonal factors are set based on a gain in July, the data will be adjusted lower on a [seasonally adjusted] basis for online spending.\"\nMeyer also notes that the government retail sales report captures more consumer spending on goods rather than on services, and therefore will likely also downplay the spending that has been occurring in the travel and leisure industries as consumer mobility picked up in the coming months.\nBut with coronavirus cases rising as the Delta variant spreads, the path forward for consumer spending has become less clear. Recent data showing a rapid deterioration in consumer confidence has been most concerning on this front, suggesting consumers' propensity to spend might be sinking.\nOn Friday, the headline index in the University of Michigan's preliminary August sentiment survey sank to 70.2 — the lowest level since 2011, and a tick below even April 2020's previous pandemic-era low of 71.8. An increase in concern over the pace of the economic recovery due to the Delta variant was one of the primary drivers of the decrease, according to the institution.\nThe disappointing University of Michigan sentiment print \"suggests the latest wave of virus cases driven by the Delta variant could be a bigger drag on the economy than we had thought,\" Andrew Hunter, senior U.S. economist for Capital Economics, wrote in a note Friday.\n\"With the fiscal stimulus boost now well passed and surging prices starting to hit real incomes, the drop in confidence is another reason to expect consumption growth to slow sharply over the coming months,\" he added.\nWalmart, Target earnings\nQuarterly earnings results from Walmart and Target are set to provide more details on trends in consumer spending at the individual company level.\nBoth companies have seen their e-commerce businesses benefit from the shift to digital transactions during the pandemic, while also gaining as consumers sought out big box stores that facilitated one-stop shopping trips for all necessities.\nFILE - In this Feb. 18, 2020 file photo, the logo for Walmart appears above a trading post on the floor of the New York. Walmart says it has removed ammunition and firearms from displays at some of its stores. The move comes in the wake of the killing of George Floyd that has set off sometimes violent demonstrations against police brutality and injustice against African Americans. \nOne of the primary challenges for both companies will be showing Wall Street they have still grown and retained the customers and level of sales brought on during the pandemic. The second quarter of last year marked the height of stay-in-place orders in the U.S., putting second-quarter results for this year up against especially tough comparisons.\nWalmart, the biggest retailer in the U.S., is expected to see overall revenue dip by 1% to $136.6 billion for its July quarter, marking its first year-over-year sales decline since fiscal 2016. E-commerce sales are expected to decelerate further, and most recently grew at a 37% rate in the first quarter after peaking at a 97% growth rate in the second quarter of last year.\nIn May before the Delta variant began spreading widely in the U.S., Walmart had raised its second-quarter and full-year outlook, citing momentum after a better-than-expected start to the year.\n\"The second quarter started off a bit better than originally anticipated as stimulus spending [continued] to benefit certain general merchandise categories, and we expect grocery market share gains to continue,\" said Walmart Chief Financial Officer Brett Biggs during the company's last earnings call. The updated guidance at the time assumed second-quarter earnings per share, excluding divestitures, would be up by \"low-single digits\" compared to last year, and that U.S. comparable same store sales, excluding fuel, would be up by a similar margin.\nWalmart may also have benefitted from spending leading up to the back-to-school season and from a pick-up in shopping in-person during the quarter. According to data from Placer.ai, Walmart's foot traffic returned to pre-pandemic levels in July as visits rose 2.9% compared to the same month in 2019.\nFor Target, the jump in foot-traffic has been even greater on a two-year stack, surging by 15.9% in July compared to 2019, according to Placer.ai.\nThe Minneapolis-based retailer is expected to grow revenue to $24.5 billion for the second quarter, marking an increase of 8% over last year — an above-trend growth rate by pre-pandemic standards, but a slowdown from the 23% increase posted in both the first quarter of this year and the comparable quarter last year.\nTarget has also continued to grow digital sales even after last year's surge, with digital sales climbing 50% in the first quarter this year after a 141% jump in early 2020. A pick-up in higher-priced clothing and beauty sales may also have helped boost Target's margins in the second quarter, with consumers purchasing goods in anticipation of going back out.\nShares of Target have climbed 48% so far for the year-to-date, outpacing the S&P 500's nearly 19% gain over that period. Walmart's stock has increased 3.6% over the same period.\nEconomic calendar\n\nMonday: Empire Manufacturing, August (26.3 expected, 43.0 in July); Total net TIC flows, June ($105.3 billion in May); Net long-term TIC flows, June (-$30.2 billion in May)\nTuesday: Retail sales advance month-on-month, July (-0.2% expected, 0.6% in June); Retail sales excluding autos and gas, July (0.2% expected, 1.1% in June); Industrial production, month-on-month, July (0.5% expected, 0.4% in June); Capacity utilization, July (75.7% expected, 75.4% in June); Manufacturing production, July (0.7% expected, -0.1% in June); Business inventories, June (0.8% expected, 0.5% in May); NAHB Housing Market Index, August (80 expected, 80 in July)\nWednesday: MBA mortgage applications, week ended August 13 (2.8% during prior week); Building permits, month-on-month (1.0% expected, -5.3% in June); Housing starts, July (-2.3% expected, 6.3% in June); FOMC Meeting Minutes\nThursday: Initial jobless claims, week ended August 13 (375,000 during prior week); Continuing claims, week ended August 7 (2.866 million during prior week); Philadelphia Fed Business Outlook, August (24.2 expected, 21.9 in July); Leading index, July (0.8% expected, 0.7% in June)\nFriday: N/A\n\nEarnings calendar\n\nMonday: Roblox Corporation, Danimer Scientific, Inc. after market close\nTuesday: Wal-Mart, Home Depot before market open; Krispy Kreme, Inc. after market close\nWednesday: Target, Lowe's, The TJX Companies before market open; Robinhood Markets, Inc., NVIDIA Corp, Cisco, Victoria's Secret & Co, Bath & Body Works Inc. after market close\nThursday: Estee Lauder, Tapestry Inc., Kohl's, Macy's before market open; Applied Materials after market close\nFriday: John Deere, Foot Locker before market open","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":551,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":825622178,"gmtCreate":1634222763825,"gmtModify":1634222763898,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","listText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","text":"[财迷]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":6,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/825622178","repostId":"1137577394","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1137577394","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"Providing stock market headlines, business news, financials and earnings ","home_visible":1,"media_name":"Tiger Newspress","id":"1079075236","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba"},"pubTimestamp":1634222446,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1137577394?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-10-14 22:40","market":"us","language":"en","title":"AMC Entertainment stock surged more than 7% in morning trading","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1137577394","media":"Tiger Newspress","summary":"AMC Entertainment stock surged more than 7% in morning trading as Halloween movies hit theaters.\n\nAM","content":"<p>AMC Entertainment stock surged more than 7% in morning trading&nbsp;as Halloween movies hit theaters.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/825eb98d1defb7af0ffac3be4884f45a\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n<p>AMC has extended its recent trend as the stock continues to find support after free falling for the past month.<b>On Wednesday, shares of AMC gained a further 2.96% and closed the trading session at $37.91.</b>There has been some mounting momentum for the meme stock as of late, as the buzz in internet chat rooms and Reddit boards is pointing towards another attempt at a short squeeze.</p>\n<p>AMC apes were once again able to get the hashtag #AMCSqueeze trending on social media on Wednesday.<b>The surge in mentions came as the result of an announcement that the SEC is initiating an investigation into Citadel Securities, which is public enemy number one for retail investors.</b>The investigation will look into Citadel’s business practices, which may include things like short selling stocks as well as its relationship with pay to order flow brokerages like Robinhood (NASDAQ:HOOD).</p>\n<p>AMC’s stock should be helped out by strong quarter over quarter and year over year comparisons from the third and fourth quarters of 2020.<b>A slew of new Hollywood movies are set to hit theaters over the next couple of weeks, including the new Halloween Kills film that is kicking off the Halloween season</b>. It should be another big weekend next week as the long awaited Dune film will hit theaters starting on October 22nd.</p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>AMC Entertainment stock surged more than 7% in morning trading</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nAMC Entertainment stock surged more than 7% in morning trading\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/1079075236\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">Tiger Newspress </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-10-14 22:40</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>AMC Entertainment stock surged more than 7% in morning trading&nbsp;as Halloween movies hit theaters.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/825eb98d1defb7af0ffac3be4884f45a\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n<p>AMC has extended its recent trend as the stock continues to find support after free falling for the past month.<b>On Wednesday, shares of AMC gained a further 2.96% and closed the trading session at $37.91.</b>There has been some mounting momentum for the meme stock as of late, as the buzz in internet chat rooms and Reddit boards is pointing towards another attempt at a short squeeze.</p>\n<p>AMC apes were once again able to get the hashtag #AMCSqueeze trending on social media on Wednesday.<b>The surge in mentions came as the result of an announcement that the SEC is initiating an investigation into Citadel Securities, which is public enemy number one for retail investors.</b>The investigation will look into Citadel’s business practices, which may include things like short selling stocks as well as its relationship with pay to order flow brokerages like Robinhood (NASDAQ:HOOD).</p>\n<p>AMC’s stock should be helped out by strong quarter over quarter and year over year comparisons from the third and fourth quarters of 2020.<b>A slew of new Hollywood movies are set to hit theaters over the next couple of weeks, including the new Halloween Kills film that is kicking off the Halloween season</b>. It should be another big weekend next week as the long awaited Dune film will hit theaters starting on October 22nd.</p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"AMC":"AMC院线"},"is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1137577394","content_text":"AMC Entertainment stock surged more than 7% in morning trading as Halloween movies hit theaters.\n\nAMC has extended its recent trend as the stock continues to find support after free falling for the past month.On Wednesday, shares of AMC gained a further 2.96% and closed the trading session at $37.91.There has been some mounting momentum for the meme stock as of late, as the buzz in internet chat rooms and Reddit boards is pointing towards another attempt at a short squeeze.\nAMC apes were once again able to get the hashtag #AMCSqueeze trending on social media on Wednesday.The surge in mentions came as the result of an announcement that the SEC is initiating an investigation into Citadel Securities, which is public enemy number one for retail investors.The investigation will look into Citadel’s business practices, which may include things like short selling stocks as well as its relationship with pay to order flow brokerages like Robinhood (NASDAQ:HOOD).\nAMC’s stock should be helped out by strong quarter over quarter and year over year comparisons from the third and fourth quarters of 2020.A slew of new Hollywood movies are set to hit theaters over the next couple of weeks, including the new Halloween Kills film that is kicking off the Halloween season. It should be another big weekend next week as the long awaited Dune film will hit theaters starting on October 22nd.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":430,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":348186404,"gmtCreate":1617893944008,"gmtModify":1634295891140,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[流泪]&nbsp;","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[流泪]&nbsp;","text":"$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$[流泪]","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/aacfe6eaa1dad049ebae7927520fc0b7","width":"1080","height":"1920"}],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/348186404","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":100,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":1,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":314264465,"gmtCreate":1612356086557,"gmtModify":1703760746894,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","listText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","text":"[微笑]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":3,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/314264465","repostId":"335074456","repostType":1,"repost":{"id":335074456,"gmtCreate":1610498811075,"gmtModify":1703744770626,"author":{"id":"3564283828510919","authorId":"3564283828510919","name":"Raychan","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/28122884c4dec771d27426dd0ee7247e","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/UXIN\">$优信(UXIN)$</a> 我判断最近人民币升值过猛，假外资和央行要有动作了，资金可能撤出大A和中概股。同时拜登统治两院，富人加税会导致提前卖股票，美股社会撕裂，红脖对抗白左黑哥哥，加重了科技股巨头的担忧。老虎还是好票，调一调更健康！","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/UXIN\">$优信(UXIN)$</a> 我判断最近人民币升值过猛，假外资和央行要有动作了，资金可能撤出大A和中概股。同时拜登统治两院，富人加税会导致提前卖股票，美股社会撕裂，红脖对抗白左黑哥哥，加重了科技股巨头的担忧。老虎还是好票，调一调更健康！","text":"$优信(UXIN)$ 我判断最近人民币升值过猛，假外资和央行要有动作了，资金可能撤出大A和中概股。同时拜登统治两院，富人加税会导致提前卖股票，美股社会撕裂，红脖对抗白左黑哥哥，加重了科技股巨头的担忧。老虎还是好票，调一调更健康！","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/335074456","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":0,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":53,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":101824002,"gmtCreate":1619880451806,"gmtModify":1634209329889,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","listText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","text":"[财迷]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/101824002","repostId":"2132603015","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":844,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":344595732,"gmtCreate":1618413695826,"gmtModify":1634293088321,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Buy&nbsp;[思考]&nbsp;","listText":"Buy&nbsp;[思考]&nbsp;","text":"Buy [思考]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/344595732","repostId":"1145468327","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1145468327","pubTimestamp":1618413259,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1145468327?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-04-14 23:14","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Thinking About Buying Coinbase? - Here's Your Note","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1145468327","media":"seekingalpha","summary":"Wednesday,Coinbase shares open at $381 on Nasdaq, valuing cryptocurrency exchange at $99.6 billion.S","content":"<p>Wednesday,Coinbase shares open at $381 on Nasdaq, valuing cryptocurrency exchange at $99.6 billion.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a50d61593da06ef4cdd7abd4eb27fc76\" tg-width=\"840\" tg-height=\"470\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><b>Summary</b></p><ul><li>Coinbase is going public today.</li><li>Instead of reading their +300 page S-1, read our 19 page note.</li><li>We discuss: digital currencies, store of value, medium of exchange.</li><li>Plus, a deep dive into COIN's model, storage, trading, price target.</li></ul><p>Manole Capital Management - Bitcoin &amp; Coinbase (COIN) - April 2021What is FINTECH?</p><p>Manole Capital Management exclusively focuses on the emerging FINTECH sector. For some investors, FINTECH means We define FINTECH as \"anything utilizing technology to improve an established process.\"</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2ef8760c1da50e1776b14e4c10295f65\" tg-width=\"1133\" tg-height=\"692\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a Business Insider slide on the FINTECH Ecosystem</i></p><p>For us, the quintessential FINTECH business is the payment industry. As you can see in this FINTECH ecosystem Business Insider slide, we bolded the<i>Payments and Remittances</i>space, as that is our preferred area to invest. Others can invest in FINTECH's through Alternative Finance companies or digital banks or Insurtechs, but for us, we love the payment sector. We are attracted to the predictable, sustainable and recurring revenues of their businesses, where they essentially earn revenue per swipe economics.</p><p>When most investors discuss FINTECH, they rarely (if ever) discuss the exchanges. Similar to these payment and transaction-based models, many of the exchanges also earn revenue, free cash flow and profits per transaction or trade. When it comes to trading certain assets (interest rates, equities, commodities, foreign currency, etc), there tends to be high barriers to entry or an impregnable moat around certain franchises. While many of these businesses are not recession proof, they have proven to be recession resistant.</p><p><b>Financials:</b></p><p>While Financials only represent 11.3% of the S&amp;P 500 (as of March 2021), roughly 3/4rd's of this sector's weight is comprised of traditional financial institutions, like banks and insurance companies. These businesses are typically credit sensitive, with opaque and complex balance sheets. To simplify the banking model, the underlying asset is the US dollar and they simply look to borrow that capital at a low fee and lend it out to borrowers at a higher rate. This spread business can generate excellent returns, but it comes with a risk. Is the bank following a solid and time-tested risk model? Are borrowers credit worthy?</p><p>If an investor has exposure to the Financial sector, one should have a strong opinion on the 10-year yield. The 10-year stands at 1.7% and has significantly risen over the last several months. The Financial sector has a 5-year rolling correlation with the 10-year Treasury of 67% (per Scotiabank and Bloomberg research). We simply choose to not invest in banks and business models that don't have ourideal characteristics (click here).</p><p>As we stated above, we are attracted to businesses that generate steady and recurring and free cash flow. Unfortunately, most Financials are not transaction based business models.</p><p><b>Our Goal:</b></p><p>This note will review digital currencies, Bitcoin and the opportunity in the exchange space. We will use our over two decades of experience following and owning exchanges to draw some parallels for this new asset class. For example, there are \"big picture\" matters concerning storage, access, theft, usage, documentation, identity, rights and dozens of other issues. Blockchain and technology advancements theoretically solve some of these problems, but unfortunately not all.</p><p>Some digital currency or technology experts might find this analysis rudimentary. Others are new to this asset class and want a primer on the industry. That's our primary goal or target, is to provide an initial 30,000 foot view on digital currencies and then dive into the details of the largest (and soon to be public) exchange.</p><p>As always, we strive to present our work in a very readable format. If they had the patience to read our research, we attempt to write our notes so our 80-year father or 14-year old son could easily understand. We will try our best to review the requirements to be considered a currency, volatility, pricing, digital wallets, NFT's (non-fungible tokens), stable coins and some other digital currency issues. After that, we will do a fairly deep dive into Coinbase (ticker COIN). You can read their nearly 300-page S-1 filing with theSEC (click here)or you can let us serve as your \"Cliff Notes\" version. We will discuss their business model, how they generate revenue, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as provide a framework for valuation and a price target. We hope you find this latest research from Manole Capital topical and interesting.</p><p><b>Digital Currencies:</b></p><p>In our 1st quarter 2021 investor newsletter, which we published on Seeking Alpha, we discussed COIN's business and its opportunity. We wrote a couple pages on the subject, but felt it deserved a much larger and dedicated piece of research.</p><p>Before we dive into Coinbase, we wanted to provide our thoughts on Bitcoin and digital currencies. As we stated in the opening paragraph, Manole Capital believes the payments industry is the dominant FINTECH sector. Over the last 5 years, we have done a significant amount of work on digital currencies, trying to understand their best usage, functionality and role in the future of payments. Are digital currencies a threat to the payment networks, processors and merchant acquirers? In order to answer these questions, one has to understand how a typical payment transaction occurs. Who processes, clears and settles a card transaction?</p><p>We have written dozens of articles on this subject, which can easily be viewed here. In our opinion, there are two main requirements for something to be considered a viable currency. One is that it must be a \"store of value\" and the second is that it must be a \"medium of exchange\".</p><p><b>The Requirements To Be A Currency:</b></p><p>In order to be a viable currency, two specific requirements are needed. One is that the currency should be a<b>\"store of value\".</b>This is often defined as any asset that can smoothly maintain its economic value, rather than rapidly depreciating. The other requirement is that the currency should be a<b>\"medium of exchange</b>\" or an instrument used to facilitate the sale, purchase or trade of goods between parties.</p><p>In terms of speed and efficiency, there is no comparison when comparing the centralized payment system to Bitcoin's decentralized platform. Visa processes 1,700 transactions per second and it claims to have 40x the spare capacity, to handle 65,000 transactions per second. PayPal (PYPL) stated that during the 2020 holiday shopping season, it processed over 1,000 transactions per second. Using Bitcoin and its blockchain for global purchases and payments can process roughly 7 transactions per second.</p><p>As technology improves, one could argue Bitcoin processing will improve. However, if Bitcoin were to get used for payments, the conversion of crypto holdings into US dollars will dramatically increase overall network transactions. We are big believers in the concept of...\"if it ain't broke, don't fix it!\"</p><p>There are significant acceptance advantages to the existing payment ecosystem. Visa and Mastercard are accepted in over 200 countries and at over 40 million global merchants. Their payment acceptance brands stand for trust and allows billions of purchase transactions to occur each year. The Visa and Mastercard logos are known around the world, permitting the exchange of goods and services in seconds. While Bitcoin is slowly becoming more recognizable, it simply does not have the same acceptance. We believe the existing payment ecosystem handles the \"medium of exchange\" process well. The overall payment landscape is a well-oiled machine, that involves three to four parties, approving transactions in in roughly 1 to 2 seconds.</p><p>We have discussed the long-term opportunity for a FINTECH company or two to create a \"Super App Holy Grail\". This would be allowing customers to transact with their mobile phone, in whatever currency they wish, at all global merchants. Getting consumers to get rid of their leather wallets is easier said than done. Even though we consider ourselves to be fairly technologically savvy, we still have a wallet that looks a lot like Seinfeld's George Costanza's.</p><p>Several companies have recently announced their intentions to help spur Bitcoin acceptance. On March 30th, 2021, PYPL announced the launch of its \"Checkout with Crypto\" option. Participating merchants (initially ½ of PYPL's 29 million) can offer their customers the ability to pay for purchases using Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum or Bitcoin Cash. How will this work? Once a PYPL customer purchases or stores crypto holdings in their PYPL digital wallet, he/she will be permitted to use those funds at checkout. When a transaction occurs, PYPL users will see the option to apply their balance to complete a purchase. When customers choose this payment option, PYPL will exchange their crypto for US dollars through its clearinghouse partner, Paxos. The transaction will occur based upon a spot market rate, with a 50 basis point spread built in. PYPL will then remit payment (in US dollars) to the merchant, to satisfy the exchange of goods or services.</p><p>While this sounds easy, there are significant hurdles. Certain details are still emerging, but customers using this service must buy their crypto within their PYPL digital wallet. This will satisfy PYPL's adherence to Know Your Customer (KYC) guidelines, but it doesn't solve all potential hiccups. The four cryptocurrencies PYPL said customers can use, are likely to cause problems. The SEC and IRS have not deemed these to be currencies, but instead, consider them capital assets. If they were to be used for payment, the underlying client will potentially have capital gain taxes, if their PYPL digital wallet has paper gains. If you are making a $20 purchase at Walgreen's, we don't believe customers are wanting to consider the tax ramifications of using their Bitcoin balance in their digital wallet. That potential $20 purchase could potentially cost you a tax liability of 100%.</p><p>Even if we ignore the large tax issues, there are additional worries. So, if the cryptocurrency in your digital wallet is going to be used to fund purchases, who is going to pay for it? Merchants will have to pay for the cost of converting cryptocurrencies into US dollars, whatever that cost might be. There will be the traditional merchant discount rates applied, but this will ultimately be another cost for merchants to bear. Besides a company like Tesla, that has a dynamic CEO, do you envision merchant's dying to accept additional costs to help their customers transact? Especially when cards are so ubiquitous?</p><p>So,Teslahas decided it will accept Bitcoin as a form of payment. What does this really mean? If a consumer has a sizeable gain in Bitcoin and wishes to use it to purchase a \"free\" Tesla, there are serious tax consequences. Just like selling an appreciated stock, where a consumer has to pay capital gains taxes, Bitcoin would be under the same burden. Until the IRS classifies Bitcoin as a currency, and not property, this tax problem will remain.</p><p>The second problem comes if the Tesla buyer decides to return his/her new vehicle. Tesla reserves the right to pay the consumer back in cash, worth the original purchase price, not in Bitcoin. If Bitcoin jumps in value since the original transaction date, the consumer would be negatively impacted. If Bitcoin falls in price, Tesla could return a depreciated Bitcoin to the car buyer. Are there hundreds of thousands of consumers yearning to purchase a Tesla with Bitcoin? We doubt there's too many, especially if they are aware of the tax issues.</p><p>Last week, Visa announced it would use various FINTECH API's (application programming interface) offered by cryptocurrency custodian and privately-held Anchorage. Visa plans to settle transactions using US dollar stablecoin, powered by the Ethereum blockchain. Once again, this is exciting news, but will likely encounter problems and take a while to come to fruition.</p><p>Before one uses Bitcoin to transact at the POS (point of sale), be actually believe it can become an excellent opportunity for money transfer. Western Union is about to turn 170 years old and can be considered the original FINTECH company. However, moving paper currency around the world is not terribly technologically advanced. Visa has launched an expanded version of its<i>Direct</i>platform, which will allow for cross border disbursements. Visa's platform supports real-time domestic and cross-border person-to-person, business-to-small business and business-to-consumer use cases, so the options are endless. Bill Sheley is the global head of Visa Direct, and he stated, \"Visa is innovating to give financial institutions, governments, individuals and businesses new ways to pay and get paid beyond the card.\"</p><p>On the \"store of value\" front, the total addressable market for assets is enormous. For example, art and collectibles are a $20 trillion market, gold is $10 trillion, real estate is $200 trillion, bonds are $100 trillion and equities are another $30 trillion.</p><p>50% of gold is used in jewelry and another 1/3 is used in electronics. While gold used to back fiat currencies, Britain dropped the gold standard in 1931. The US followed suit in 1933 and totally abandoned the gold standard in 1973. There are additional issues to consider like fixed or variable supply, as well as volatility concerns.</p><p>We agree that digital currencies are becoming a feasible \"store of value\". In our opinion, digital currencies have significant challenges to becoming a \"medium of exchange\". With that caveat, the opportunity for the crypto-economy and digital currencies to thrive is still open ended and vast.</p><p><b>Inflation:</b></p><p>The world is always looking for additional asset classes and stores of value, especially as governments keep the currency printing presses running 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.</p><p>Last year, the Federal Reserve printed an unprecedented amount of dollars, roughly 1/5 th of all US dollars ever printed. On a daily basis, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing produces over $500 million over 38 million notes.</p><p>If you are the United States and the dollar is considered the dominant global currency, your perception of Bitcoin (or any digital assets) should be of concern. The ability of countries to simply print money should inherently be inflationary, yet Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell continues to seek to get the US at and above 2% annually.</p><p>A couple of weeks ago, the Biden administration announced an infrastructure bill, called the American Jobs Plan, with a $2 trillion spending target. In March of 2021, US government passed a $1.9 trillion stimulus package. This followed a December of 2020 stimulus package of $900 billion, as well as a CARES Act in March 2020 bill of $2.2 trillion. We are not making a statement about the merits of any of these packages and stimulus programs. We simply are trying to point out the massive amount of money that is getting printed.</p><p>Many cryptocurrency bulls will cite inflationary worries with fiat currencies for why their digital cryptocurrencies assets are undervalued. We understand this argument, but always come back to an initial framework. If you are the US or the European Union or Chinese government, would you be able to control your society if there wasn't a viable currency in place? Would economies function without government control of its fiat currency? If cryptocurrencies become widely accepted and are considered a better version of payment, would governments be able to function? If the US couldn't issue additional debt to fund its spending initiatives, would it even exist? We just don't believe government regulators will allow certain cryptocurrencies to thrive, especially if it threatens their sovereign currencies.</p><p>We tend to look at this as a simple supply and demand equation. While Bitcoin has currently issued 18.7 million tokens, there is only a maximum of 21 million that can be created. That fixed supply is counter to some governments. For example, there are countries that have taken the printing of fiat currency too far. Zimbabwe is but one example of runaway inflation. Here's a picture of one of their 100 trillion bills. Yes, that's a 100 trillion. Do you want to be a trillionaire? Simply buy one on eBay for $8.99,by clicking here.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/375ab15b324158141f0eceee4633e5ca\" tg-width=\"900\" tg-height=\"900\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>Source: This is a picture of Zimbabere's currency, that I took on myiPhone</i></p><p>As this Piper Sandler chart shows, Bitcoin now has a market capitalization of roughly $1 trillion. If we look at the top 10 digital assets by market capitalization, the vast majority of market share falls to just 2 currencies.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4f0caa7a9dbd54216c5e67fb83199d42\" tg-width=\"859\" tg-height=\"576\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a Piper Sandler slide/chart</i></p><p>It is estimated that Bitcoin is over 55% of all cryptocurrency market capitalization and Ethereum is roughly 11%. Cryptocurrencies like Tether, Binance Coin, Stellar, Cardano, Litecoin have a modest following and just 1% to 2% market share (all under $50 million in market cap).</p><p>Digital currencies should be considered assets, as they can be represented digitally, dynamically transmitted, and stored safely in the cloud. However, digital assets and cryptocurrencies have a long way to go to become used in our globally interconnected economies.</p><p><b>Rules &amp; Regulations:</b></p><p>In a perfect world, we think all assets should trade 365 days a year and 24 hours a day. In this hypothetical environment, assets should immediately process and settle and fees to transact should be modest. Why does the NYSE only officially operate from 9:30 am to 4:00 pm EST Monday through Friday (and not on holidays)? There are trades that occur pre-market and post-market hours, but liquidity and volumes are sparse. The simple answer is that this is the way it has always occurred and why should we change something that isn't broken.</p><p>The traditional exchanges have always had a set period of time where they are \"open for business\", but this is changing. For example, the technology backbone of the CME Group (ticker CME) is called Globex. It essentially permits 24/7 trading to occur on its electronic platform for equities, interest rates, commodities, foreign exchange and other assets. After years of investing in international growth, roughly 1/5 th of all volumes come from outside of the US.</p><p>In order to have access to Globex, there are rules one needs to adhere to, as exchanges are heavily regulated entities. Just like banks need to conduct AML (anti-money laundering) and KYC (know your customer) due diligence on its customer base, the exchanges need to follow strict guidelines enforced by their regulators.</p><p>As of today, we believe there are over 50 distinct blockchain protocols which support more than 7,500 various digital assets. Unfortunately, the financial systems are not known as entities that are quick to adopt change and technology. The world has embraced the internet, as a revolutionary and transformational platform. However, financial systems are not comfortable seamlessly exchanging data, information and assets. There are numerous activities like cross border payments or peer-to-peer payments that are ideally suited for technological advancements, but rules and regulations exist to stymie growth.</p><p>The goal of an open and transparent financial system is honorable, but not terribly realistic. In terms of managing one's assets, especially money, the process can be cumbersome.</p><p><b>Volatility:</b></p><p>If we accept cryptocurrency as a digital asset, we then want to better understand how value is determined, where it can be stored and how best to process and handle its exchange. With decentralized assets, the network allows participants to transact without intermediaries. Who sets the value and determines price?</p><p>The most notable cryptocurrency is Bitcoin and it has a CAGR of over 150%, from 2013 to 2020. In 2017, it rose 1,318%, but then fell by (72.6%) in 2018. In 2020, it rose over 302% and it currently is up well over 50% this year. Since January of 2017, there have been 5 corrections of 50% of more in Bitcoin, so it can be wildly volatile.</p><p>We are slowly getting comfortable with digital assets and cryptocurrencies as a \"store of value\" and believe they will become a viable asset in one's diversified portfolio. Each individual or entity needs to determine their own risk and reward framework, so cryptocurrency might be 10 basis points or 10% of one's portfolio.</p><p>Opinions on Bitcoin are changing every day. Back in 2018, the CEO of Blackrock (Larry Fink) called Bitcoin a currency \"for money launderers.\" A year earlier, JP Morgan CEO, Jaime Dimon called Bitcoin a \"fraud\" and threated to fire any bank employee who dealt with the currency. Fast forward to today: Blackrock (in January 2021) enabled two of its mutual funds to purchase Bitcoin, and a JP Morgan analyst recently published that he thinks Bitcoin could rise to $146,000.</p><p>Recently, large institutional interest has boosted the price of certain digital assets. High profile investors like John Tudor Jones (May 2020) and Stanley Druckenmiller have made sizeable purchases of various digital currencies. Other companies like Microstrategy (August 2020) and Tesla (Feb 2021) have made sizeable transactions for their firm's balance sheet.</p><p><b>Stable Coins:</b></p><p>A stable coin is simply a digital asset that is attempts to lower volatility by pegging itself to an actual fiat currency or physical asset (ex: gold). For example, Tether has a market capitalization of over $40 billion, is backed by US dollars and it's the largest cryptocurrency stable coin. One of the risks associated with stable coins is ensuring that the proper amount of fiat currency is held in reserve to match the amount of stable coins in circulation.</p><p>In prior official commentary, the Governor of the Central Bank of Russia - Elvira Nabiullina - stated that Russa was against any form of private currency, as it threatened financial sovereignty. Russia's Ministry of Internal Affairs also was considering seizing all digital currencies and claiming cryptocurrencies criminal activity. Now, in January 2021, the Bank of Russia began to test a ruble-based stable coin. While starting cautiously, the Russian Central Bank is exploring the possibility of issuing its own digital currency. There are numerous countries that are investigating the process of issuing CBDC's or Central Bank Digital Currencies. China has studied the process of issuing a digital yuan, the European Central Bank is looking into a digital Euro.</p><p>Other governments and regulators have highlighted the risks of digital currencies. The UK's Financial Conduct Authority called crypto assets \"high risk, speculative investments\" where investors \"should be prepared to lose all their money.\" US Treasury Secretary (and former Federal Reserve Chairwoman) Janet Yellen has warned on investing in digital currencies too. Just a week ago, India's Reserve Bank took a fairly bearish tone on digital currencies. Rumors are that India is looking to pass a law outlawing cryptocurrencies and making anyone trading or holding them punishable with sizeable fines. India's Finance minister is Nirmala Sitharaman and she said India's Cabinet will shortly issue a final ruling on the matter and that the governments ruling is \"under preparation and nearing completion\".</p><p>Will additional countries look to make cryptocurrencies illegal? These type of comments act as a governor to adoption and change. Politicians and governments are worried about losing control of their economies. Statements like this are further evidence that governments will remain a headwind. We aren't going to put this in the realm of a new \"space race\", but the country that embraces this technology first might have an early advantage versus those that are afraid of change.</p><p><b>Digital Currency Conclusion:</b></p><p>This quick digital currency discussion was created to set the framework for an analysis of Coinbase (ticker COIN). Will digital currencies replace traditional payment systems? We do not believe it will, but continued adoption and traction in digital currencies is noticeable.</p><p>Is Bitcoin poised to climb higher, or will it crash? We simply don't know. What we do know is that we prefer to own the medium where these \"assets\" trade. We would compare this to the Gold Rush of the mid-1800's. Back in 1849, owning Levi Strauss made a fortune selling picks, pans and shovels to '49ers looking for gold. Back then, some would say, \"There's gold in those mountains.\"</p><p>Nowadays, there's a huge opportunity in the collection of data and information. We truly have no idea what the price of Bitcoin will do, except we know that it will be very volatile. As we know, volatility leads to trading, which should equate to profits for the exchanges. Speaking of exchanges, let's now discuss another exchange and upcoming FINTECH direct listing - COIN.</p><p><b>Introduction to Coinbase (ticker COIN):</b></p><p>The stated goal of COIN is \"to create an open financial system for the world.\" While this is altruistic, it seems to be fairly broad based goal. It is noble to strive to create a financial system that is transparent for all mankind. It might be more prudent to strive to provide an end-to-end infrastructure and technology platform for all types of cryptocurrencies.</p><p>From our perspective, it might be judicious for COIN to focus its attention on providing value adding services for all types of digital currencies. If COIN becomes the dominant exchange where anyone can easily and securely send and receive Bitcoin, it will thrive. If COIN can create an efficient and accessible marketplace for the emerging digital assets community, it can be a massive success. There are hundreds of platforms that want to democratize access to the crypto-economy, but COIN (as the oldest and most recognizable brand) seems to have an early lead in this race.</p><p>Coinbase:</p><p>COIN was started in 2012 and it has built a trusted platform for accessing various crypto currencies. Using blockchain technology, COIN has simplified the user experience and reduced the complexity of purchasing, selling and holding digital currencies. In its early days, COIN was primarily just used for sending and receiving cryptocurrencies. Then, it became a trusted platform for those seeking to invest in various currencies. We liken this period as COIN's realization that it needed to become an \"exchange\" or intermediary between buyers and sellers. It has since launched cryptocurrency payments, distribution capabilities, storage, borrowing and lending services.</p><p>As this chart from COIN shows, there are over 45 different cryptocurrencies investors can purchase and another 90 that can be stored at COIN.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f91cd70c100e3a8159938dd730935867\" tg-width=\"767\" tg-height=\"319\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1</i></p><p>However, two primary digital currencies dominate COIN's total trading volumes. In 2020, Bitcoin represented 41% of COIN's trading volumes and 15% came from Ethereum. While this 56% is a decline from 2019 levels (72% of the total mix), we envision both will remain the primary digital currencies traded on COIN.</p><p><b>Revenue:</b></p><p>Over the last several years, COIN has materially grown its revenue. In 2019, revenue $533 million and it impressively grew to $1.3 billion last year. As we show in our pie chart, in 2020, COIN's $1.28 billion of revenue grew 130% year-over-year and was a mix of 86% Transactional, 3% Subscription &amp; Services and 11% \"Other\".</p><p>On April 6th, COIN reported 1st quarter 2021 results and the metrics were eye popping. Last quarter, COIN generated $1.8 billion in revenue, which exceeded the prior two years combined.</p><p>In 2020, 86% of COIN's total revenue was<i><b>Transactional</b></i>in nature. This means revenue was derived from sending, receiving, investing and spending cryptocurrencies. When it comes to Transactional revenue, we like to look at the fee as a percentage of total volume traded.</p><p>COIN provided this diagram and it shows exactly what products are inside of each of its revenue classifications. The remaining 15% of total revenue came from<i><b>Subscription &amp; Services,</b></i>which COIN classifies as paying, distributing, storage, and from borrowing and lending cryptocurrencies.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b0466f39ad66c6fefeaeee25b50847fb\" tg-width=\"922\" tg-height=\"716\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1</i></p><p>Storing earns custodial fee revenue, which we will dissect in a couple of pages. Staking revenue comes from validation on a proof-of-stake blockchain transaction. License revenue is generated from users of its Analytics services. Lastly, COIN can earn campaign revenue or distribution fees when its constructs educational materials for issuers. For cryptocurrency issuers, COIN earns revenue for helping the platform engage with its users, in the form of educational videos or tasks, when cryptocurrencies are attempting to widen their distribution, marketing and acceptance. While these ancillary services are nice, the real opportunity is trading.</p><p><b>Customer Type:</b></p><p>In its S-1 regulatory filing, COIN showed its product portfolio, separated from retail users, institutions and other ecosystem partners. One has to understand that different clients are paying different rates. Over the last 8 quarters, this revenue rate has averaged 0.61%, with a high of 0.80% in the 1st quarter of 2019 and a low of 0.50% in the 4th quarter of 2020.</p><p>Looking at the last 8 quarters, we can clearly see that both retail and institutional trading volumes have exploded higher. It is interesting to see that Retail was bigger at $45 billion in the 1 st quarter of 2018 than it was at the end of last year at $32 billion. Also, one can see that Institutional trading volumes have gone from $11 billion in the 1 st quarter of 2018 and now are over $57 billion.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6b80fa39db4f3163a635e88da58642ed\" tg-width=\"846\" tg-height=\"524\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1</i></p><p>COIN has different fees depending on whether or not the client is retail or institutional, as well as whether or not the client uses Coinbase or Coinbase Pro, which we will discuss this later on, in our pricing section.</p><p><b>Trading volumes:</b></p><p>In terms of exchanges, it all comes down to volumes. Crypto exchange volumes have soared, because of strong interest from both retail and institutional clients. This type of growth will not continue, but volatility tends to drive overall volumes.</p><p>Looking at this Compass table, one can clearly see that volumes noticeably increased in 2018, following the rise of Bitcoin in December of 2017. What happened in late 2017 that helped drive future trading volumes? Well, CBOE and CME both launched Bitcoin future contracts that month.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7170f3967e17422584307fc937c403b5\" tg-width=\"689\" tg-height=\"691\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from Compass</i></p><p>So far in 2021, COIN has experienced 298% growth in ADV (average daily volumes). What did Bitcoin increase last year? Just over 300%. There's clearly a very high correlation between Bitcoin's recent price and COIN's future ADV.</p><p>One of our favorites aspects of investing in the exchanges is the ability to simply model the businesses in Excel. The large, publicly-traded exchanges provide wonderful transparency for investors, by posting daily volumes. We liken this to Goldman Sachs or Morgan Stanley providing real-time insights into their prop desk trading results. You shouldn't hold your breath for that level of transparency, right?</p><p><b>Bitcoin, Bitcoin and Bitcoin:</b></p><p>In the real estate business, the common phrase is that the 3 most important items are \"location, location and location.\" For digital currency exchanges, we believe the 3 most important products are \"Bitcoin, Bitcoin and more Bitcoin.\"</p><p>On COIN's platform, the volumes tend to be concentrated in a few different currencies. In 2019, BTC or Bitcoin was 58% of COIN's trading volumes, but that fell to 41% in 2020. ETH or Ethereum was 14% in 2019 and that grew slightly last year to 15% of COIN's total. The biggest category jump came from \"other\", which was 18% in 2019 and grew to 44% last year.</p><p>Having multiple products to transact in is obviously key, but COIN is cryptocurrency dependent. Yes, tokens like Dogecoin might come in and out of favor, but COIN is dependent upon higher Bitcoin and Ethereum prices.</p><p>A great aspect to owning CME is their transparency. Not only does CME provide daily ADV, but they provide details on open interest. We like to follow open interest, as it is a leading indicator of future volumes. Also, CME provides details on large open interest holders (called LOIH's) or those owners of a minimum of $7.5 million of Bitcoin futures. Over the last couple of months, CME has hit all-time highs in volumes in Bitcoin futures trading. This year, Bitcoin futures contracts on the CME have averaged 13,800 contracts per day, up 42% year-over-year.</p><p>Like CME, COIN has invested heavily in its technology to give its customers access to a deep pool of cryptocurrency liquidity. Like we just described, this liquidity can act as a virtuous cycle. Volumes beget more volumes and leading more customers onto the platform.</p><p><b>Pricing:</b></p><p>We focus on the trading volume of an exchange, but also try to model how revenues are generated from this volume. Each trade does not generate the same level of revenue, as different traders tend to pay different prices.</p><p>In derivative exchange land, we often look at commission prices as RPC or rate per contract. For example, CME charges $0.478 a contract to trade interest rates, $0.545 to trade equities, $0.764 to trade foreign currency, $1.397 to trade metals, $1.336 to trade agricultural commodities and $1.124 to trade energy. Within each product, prices can vary. For example, WTI crude is a different trading price versus natural gas contracts. While CME is trying to get more retail customers into trading futures and options, the vast majority of its volumes are from institutions.</p><p>At COIN, there are different fees for different clients. COIN has two main fee structures, one called Coinbase Pro and the other called Coinbase Prime. Here's a quick look at the pricing tiers, as discussed in the S-1 filing, based upon whether or not a client is taking or providing liquidity (called taker fee and maker fee).</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cba2058d6aac36d1f5fa59d2261be3c1\" tg-width=\"527\" tg-height=\"649\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from Compass</i></p><p>Transaction revenue, as a percentage of total volumes traded, has averaged 0.61% over the last 8 quarters. Over these 2 years, retail client transactional revenue has increased from 1.27% up to 1.47%. For institutional clients, revenues as a percentage of volumes traded has fallen from 0.07% down to 0.05%. Clearly, retail customers pay significantly more than institutional clients to trade.</p><p>Also, unlike transacting in a stock, COIN calls its transaction based revenue \"staking\" revenue. This is earned from transaction validation on a proof-of-stake blockchain, when COIN's nodes successfully creates or validates a certain block. This revenue is recognized when the rewards are available for transfer and at the point when the block creator or validation is complete. The metrics that determine the staking revenue are driven by quantity, price and rewards rate.</p><p><b>Customers:</b></p><p>The strengths of COIN's platform seem to be its vast and extensive network of contacts. COIN is leveraging its trusted brand to attract those that want access to transact or store cryptocurrencies.</p><p>COIN's growth strategy is based upon driving more customers onto its platform and becoming the de-facto platform for cryptocurrency. Just like the online brokers did in the 1990's, the key to growth was adding new accounts and clients to the platform.</p><p>In this COIN chart, one can see the exceptional growth in verified users or those that have \"demonstrated an interest\" in COIN's platform. In addition to these users, there are another 7,000 institutional customers, across roughly 100 countries.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/0b0ae20183f76b5f50213a6fba41d49f\" tg-width=\"671\" tg-height=\"663\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1</i></p><p>These verified users have registered for an account and confirmed either their email address or a phone number. In our model, we are not terribly interested in tracking verified users as a key metric. While it is nice to know who interested in cryptocurrencies, it is much more important to understand who is willing to transact.</p><p>As you can see in this Compass Point chart, COIN has 2.8 million MTU or monthly transacting users. In order to be considered a customer needs to have logged in and transacted one time, over a 28-day rolling period.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/37e82feeeec96702e21745ad5bdc1c48\" tg-width=\"706\" tg-height=\"416\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from Compass</i></p><p>It is interesting to see that there were 2.7 million MTU's in the 1 st quarter of 2018 and 2.8 million MTU's at the end of last year. Over those 2 years, MTU's dramatically declined and then lifted. As of today, COIN has roughly 3 million MTUs, which was up +180% year-over-year, but we like to think of it as only 7% of its verified total accounts.</p><p>This reminds us of the online brokerage business, back in the 1990's and 2000's. For years, the primary goal of marketing executives at the online brokers was to generate more and more accounts. The theory was that with new accounts, clients would eventually look to consolidate their relationships with one or possibly two firms. Once an account was opened, the goal was to increase wallet share from that satisfied customer.</p><p>For online brokerages, driving customers typically comes from TV advertising. One cannot watch CNBC or Bloomberg or Fox Business without seeing advertisements for Schwab, TD Ameritrade, E*Trade, Fidelity or Interactive Brokers. Robinhood was very successful in opening up investment accounts for the emerging Gen-Z demographic, but its well-publicized issues in late January (regarding prohibiting \"meme stocks\" purchases) might impact its torrid account growth.</p><p>How does COIN plan on increasing its exposure and customer base? Our guess is that it will look to increase its marketing spend. The ROI or return on investment of TV marketing is somewhat opaque. We anticipate COIN learning from its foray into marketing and advertising, with some successes, as well as some failures.</p><p>The best avenue to increase accounts and customers is to offer a product that cannot be easily replicated. COIN can continue its account growth by launching new and innovative products, as well as offering access to new cryptocurrencies.</p><p>While BTC or Bitcoin is the dominant cryptocurrency today, maybe there will be a new and exciting cryptocurrency in vogue tomorrow. Over the last few months, Dogecoin has garnered significant attention and media coverage. While we shake our head and do not understand the fascination with this cryptocurrency, the goal for COIN is to attract and become the go to platform for those that wish to transact. COIN needs to expand its support of all digitally native cryptocurrencies and help to tokenize new assets.</p><p><b>Storage:</b></p><p>While the vast majority of COIN's revenue is trading based, COIN does earns subscription and service revenue when customers choose to safely store their cryptocurrencies on its platform.</p><p>COIN is one of the most trusted exchanges in the crypto space and operate as a \"qualified custodian\". This means that they have a separate company, called Coinbase Custody, which operates as a standalone, independently-capitalized business. Under New York State Banking Law, Coinbase Custody is considered a fiduciary. All digital assets are segregated and held in a trust. COIN has never suffered a hack that led to loss of funds and cannot afford to ever have that breached.</p><p>As you can see in this COIN asset chart shows, there has been excellent growth on the platform. At the end of 2020, COIN had $90.3 billion in assets on its platform, which was up +432% year-over-year.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fa49892f328f6968397671bfc6bfbab1\" tg-width=\"887\" tg-height=\"689\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1</i></p><p>Of these assets, 70% was from Bitcoin and another 13% were Ethereum. Clearly, those two currencies represent the bulk of COIN's platform assets.</p><p><b>Wallets:</b></p><p>The leather wallet in your pocket holds a combination of cash and credit/debit cards. However, cryptocurrencies and tokens need to be kept in a crypto wallet. \"Hot wallets\" are connected to the internet and are considered much less secure, while \"cold wallets\" are kept offline. Most cryptocurrency custodians employ \"cold\" storage to safely hold a client's digital assets.</p><p>Acting as a cold cryptocurrency custodian (say that 3x fast), COIN derives fee revenue based on a percentage of the daily value of customer accounts. The assets under custody are a function of quantity, price and type of cryptocurrency asset.</p><p><b>Custody:</b></p><p>In addition to hot versus cold wallets, there are two primary ways to store your Bitcoin. The first is called self-custody. This is when an individual or entity has complete control of their Bitcoin. This entails maintaining and controlling your own private key. When it comes to Bitcoin storage, there is a popular self-custody mantra that says, \"not your keys, not your coins\". This implies that if you do not control the private key for your Bitcoin, it is not truly your Bitcoin.</p><p>The second way to store your Bitcoin is to outsource it to a trusted custodian, like Kraken, Coinbase, Anchorage or others. In this case, the custodian stores your Bitcoin for you and they have control over its private key. Kraken is security focused and has an time-tested private key management practice. In its 10-years of existence, it has never been hacked.</p><p>Whether one decides to self-custody or use an outsourced custody provider for storing your Bitcoin, two critical issues must be discussed. The first is trust. Do you trust the custodial firm that holds your Bitcoin? If one self-custodies, they bear the risk of lost private keys, break-ins or natural disasters. On the other hand, self-custody ensures you control your own Bitcoin. The obvious downside of self-custody is that one can lose all of your Bitcoin, if it is not stored properly.</p><p>Do you trust the bank that holds your checking account or brokerage firm that holds your stocks? US financial institutions are some of the most highly regulated companies in the world and most have proven themselves to be good custodians of our assets. Maybe we can exclude Lehman Brothers and AIG from that statement, but it is fair statement for the other 10,000+ financial institutions in the US.</p><p>Does trusting a firm called Kraken, with millions of dollars' worth of Bitcoin, sound like a sound idea? Some might prefer to custody with a firm like Bank of New York, which announced in March of 2021, that it intends to enter the Bitcoin custody business. However, does Bank of New York have the technological expertise and security protocols of newer entrants like Kraken? With a random name like Manole Capital, we clearly don't place too much emphasis on one's name. We do however appreciate 3 rd party, independent industry rankings. Kraken has been voted the #1 most secure cryptocurrency exchange by ICO Ratings.</p><p>The second key issue to consider is protection and safety. Cryptocurrency custodians and exchanges are a prime target for hackers. There are hundreds and potentially thousands of thieves looking to steal your Bitcoin private key. PayPal and Robinhood recently sent warnings instructing their clients to install two factor authentication onto their digital wallets / account. Also, governments can force companies to freeze funds, if they perceive illegal activity or fraudulent behavior.</p><p>Trusting someone else to store and manage your Bitcoin is a challenging decision. There have been a few custody firms to have disastrous results (i.e. Mt. Gox), but there are also extremely competent businesses that can trusted to hold your cryptocurrencies. For us, we prefer an expert store our assets, as opposed to keeping it under the proverbial mattress.</p><p><b>Characteristics:</b></p><p>As we mentioned earlier, there are certainideal characteristicswe look for in our investments. COIN has a strong brand name and dominates its cryptocurrency niche. Its platform is scalable and by leveraging certain blockchain advancements, COIN can provide a safe and secure environment for its customers.</p><p>We often look for our companies to have dominant market shares, high barriers to entry and what Warren Buffett calls a \"moat around the franchise\". Regardless of industry, we always focus on an investment's market share. In terms of COIN's cryptocurrency market share, it has risen from 4.5% in 2018 to 8.3% in 2019 up to 11.0% in 2020.</p><p>For exchanges, there is typically 1 or 2 firms that dominate the trading of a specific asset. These exchanges have the best liquidity and the tightest bid/ask spreads. For example, the CME dominates US interest rate trading, as well as WTI crude trading. Intercontinental Exchange dominates the Brent crude marketplace. Once an exchange begins to control trading for a certain asset, it is very difficult for a competitor to steal market share. Some try to lower trading pricing and commissions, but this usually is only temporary. Investors are always seeking best execution and will usually return to the marketplace with the most liquidity and tightest bid/ask spreads. From an exchange standpoint, this is definition of dominant market share, competitive advantage or possessing a moat around your franchise.</p><p>Ideally, COIN is looking to become the one-stop shop for those wishing to buy, sell and/or store cryptocurrency. COIN has many of the desirable characteristics we look for in an investment, but it does have risks.</p><p><b>Risk #1: Bitcoin</b></p><p>For a business like COIN, there are literally dozens of risks. For starters, cryptocurrencies are volatile and we anticipate COIN's stock will be highly correlated to the price of BTC, Bitcoin and other important cryptocurrencies.</p><p>As we have mentioned, the underlying price of these cryptocurrencies helps to determine COIN's revenue and profits. Possibly the biggest risk for owning COIN stock will be its reliance and dependency on rising Bitcoin and Ethereum prices.</p><p><b>Risk #2: Competition</b></p><p>On the retail front, COIN has numerous competitors. For example, both Square's Cash App (36 million users) and PayPal (375 million accounts) are offering mobile-based wallets, primarily to retail clients. Customers can purchase various cryptocurrencies on both Square and PayPal and store them for free.</p><p>Over time, we expect both of these firms to begin to allow wallet holders to transact in whatever currency he/she wishes. For example, a customer can use their Square Cash App wallet to transact at over 3 million Square merchant acquiring locations. This mobile wallet will permit credit or debit transactions, but might also permit the user to utilize their Bitcoin balance. There are numerous issues that still need to be resolved on this front, but this is what we have been calling \"closing-the-loop\".</p><p><b>Risk #3: Regulations</b></p><p>Exchanges are highly regulated entities and they must learn to engage with their regulators for the benefit of all market participants. COIN is subject to a regulated environment, but the rules and landscape are dynamic. Unlike US financials, with a known regulator, the laws and rules cryptocurrencies are subject to are constantly changing. As COIN moves more of its business to international markets, it will have additional governmental issues to deal with.</p><p>The new SEC Chairman is Gary Gensler. Gensler was the head of the CFTC from May 2009 to January 2014 and was the primary regulator for the derivative exchanges. In his tenure at the CFTC, Gensler attempted to write rules and regulations for the swap markets, as suggested in the Dodd Frank Act of 2010 (following the Financial Crisis). Now that Gensler is at the SEC, one of his first challenges is what to do about regulating and providing oversight on Bitcoin and other digital currencies. He is not new to digital currencies, as he was a professor at MIT's Sloan School of Management after his stint at the CFTC. He primarily taught about blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies.</p><p>As of today, there are only a few crypto funds available to investors. Grayscale has over $38 billion in assets and is the sponsor of the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (OTC:GBTC), which is provides Bitcoin exposure for qualified investors. GBT investors have a $25,000 minimum investment and currently pay a 2.5% management fee.</p><p>Many firms (Skybridge Capital, Valkyrie Digital, Fidelity Investments, VanEck, WisdomTree, etc) have announced their intention to offer Bitcoin ETF's. attempted to get the SEC to approve Bitcoin ETF's. As of now, the SEC has not approved any of these filings, but it will ultimately have to make a decision on the subject. Earlier SEC rejections were based upon problems with volatility, transparency, market surveillance and market and price manipulation. We expect a positive Bitcoin ETF to be approved by the SEC in 2021.</p><p>In addition to SEC regulation, we anticipate the Federal Reserve to explore the subject too. Chairman Jay Powell, in official Congressional testimony, has officially stated that the Fed is looking into the idea of a \"fully digital dollar\". This type of \"Fed coin\" would likely need Congressional and White House approval and it is very much in the early innings of its examination. Chairman Powell is still dealing with the ramifications of a global pandemic and a soft US economy, so a CBDC might not be his first or even second priority right now.</p><p><b>Risk #4: Security</b></p><p>As with any exchange, security and safety is paramount. We anticipate that COIN will be subject to thousands of cybersecurity attacks. Hackers, criminals and even foreign countries might find it worthwhile to breach COIN's platform. COIN's valuation is dependent upon it keeping its first-mover advantage and its reputation as a dominant cryptocurrency custodian. Security, for customers and partners, cannot be underestimated and COIN will have a very large target on its back.</p><p>Scale &amp; EBITDA Margins:</p><p>For us, we always like to model in operating or EBITDA margins, as well as free cash flow for our exchanges. In 2020, EBITDA margins for the largest exchanges were impressive. Here is a table of the dominant four exchanges and their EBITDA margins last year, as compared to COIN. Looking at the 2020 EBITDA margins of its publicly-traded exchange peers, provides interesting insights. Last year, CBOE posted 68% EBITDA margins and CME and ICE each posted margins in the 62% to 63% range. Despite trailing their competitors, Nasdaq had impressive EBITDA margins of 55%, that would be the envy of most companies. One key takeaway is that all of the exchanges are generating impressive margins with excellent leverage and scale opportunities.</p><p><b>Exchanges: CBOE CME ICE NDAQ vs COIN</b></p><p>2020 EBITDA Margins 68% 62% 63% 55% 41%</p><p>These exchanges have spent billions of dollars building out a scalable platform, that has enormous operating leverage. Each and every transaction that occurs is extremely high incremental margins. Most do not provide guidance on future or forward revenue, but they do have decent insight into expenses. The CME typically will provide forward expense guidance in the 2% to 5% range each year. Expenses don't dramatically increase each and every year, but do modestly rise.</p><p>How does COIN compare? Well, COIN is still constructing its exchange and heavily investing in its infrastructure. Last year, technology and development expenses were $271.7 million or 21% of COIN's total revenue. In 2019, this expense line item was 35% of revenue.</p><p>In 2020, COIN's expenses grew 50% year-over-year to $868.5 million. At this early stage of its lifecycle, we are pleasantly surprised to see that COIN is generating positive operating leverage (expense growth less than revenue growth).</p><p>As you can see in this Compass Point chart, over the last 8 quarters, COIN's Adjusted EBITDA margins have steadily improved. Are they peaking or at an all-time high? No, but the best part about COIN's current margin trajectory is where we see it going.</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/44d11356cbdbc81549a9f5422e6e0e4f\" tg-width=\"567\" tg-height=\"426\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p><p><i>* Source: This is a slide/chart from Compass</i></p><p>In its S-1, Brian Armstrong (COIN's CEO) stated a focus on operating profits, as it tries to manage its expense growth. He said, \"We may earn a profit when revenues are high, and we may lose money when revenues are low.\" He then went on to state that \"our goal is to roughly operate the company at break even, smoothed out over time.\"</p><p>This has proven to be true, when one considers that COIN generated $533 million in revenue in 2019, but lost $30m of profit that year. Then, in 2020, COIN produced $527 million of EBITDA on $1.2 billion of revenue. Clearly, the exchanges can generate very impressive profit margins, at scale.</p><p>The real benefit for the exchanges comes when volatility spikes and volumes soar. As this happens, assuming the exchanges properly manages this rising volatility, profitability climbs. As more and more volumes transact on a platform, free cash flow (and margins) is very attractive. Operating margins at its other publicly-traded exchanges have been high for years and do not fluctuate significantly from year-to-year. As revenues surprise to the upside, because volatility spikes, these exchanges typically reward their shareholders with buybacks and special dividends. As much more mature businesses, these exchanges tend to allow this leverage upside to fall to the bottom line. We anticipate that COIN will choose to re-invest any revenue upside towards marketing, growing its customer base, improving its platform, and building up its infrastructure.</p><p><b>Valuation:</b></p><p>In their 1st quarter 2021 release, management provided a low-to-mid-to-high range for a number of key metrics. In terms of MTU's, COIN management provided low guidance of 4.0 million and high guidance of 7.0 million. In 2019, the net revenue per MTU was $37 and it increased to $49 last year. Over the last 8 quarters, the net revenue per MTU range has grown from $26 in the 1 st quarter of 2019 up to $59 in the last quarter of 2020.</p><p>In our modeling and analysis, we will stick with management guidance, which ranges from $35 million to $45 million in net revenue per MTU. This implies revenue for the final three quarters of the year could be in the $3.48 billion on the low side and up to $4.64 billion on the high side. If we simply average these low and high ranges, 2021 revenue would be $4.1 billion. Considering COIN did $1.8 billion in revenue in the 1 st quarter alone, it is probably safe to assume that 2021 revenue will approach $4 billion this year. Our model is fairly detailed, but for this exercise, we will use a nice round $4.0 billion in 2021 revenue. Then, for 2022, we will assume 15% growth, to $4.6 billion. This does not seem like we are being aggressive. In fact, we wouldn't be surprised if COIN generates this level of revenue a full year earlier.</p><p>Without making an assumption on future volume growth, we need to estimate profit margins for COIN. Over the next decade, we would expect COIN to post EBITDA margins into the mid-50's%. Over the next one to two years, we would like COIN to annually increase margins by 200 basis points. This should be do-able, even with COIN making significant investments in their operational technology and platform.</p><p><b>Stock Trading vs Fundamentals:</b></p><p>It can be challenging to sometimes separate the volatility of a stock from its underlying fundamentals. For example, the primary exchange to trade interest rates is the CME. When it comes to trading Brent crude, most traders prefer ICE (although WTI is primarily traded on CME). While both of these exchanges trade hundreds of other products and assets, those two products (interest rates and Brent crude) tend to materially impact the exchange stock price.</p><p>When it comes to COIN, we anticipate the stock will trade very closely to the price of Bitcoin and Ethereum. If both digital currencies continue to rise, COIN's stock will be a solid success. If Bitcoin falls by (80%), like it did in 2019, COIN's stock will dramatically fall. In a world with massive Bitcoin volatility, COIN's underlying fundamentals should be good. In theory, COIN's stock should correlate and reflect the volatility of Bitcoin and Ethereum, not just their upward trajectory. However, we fully anticipate COIN's stock to trade in-line with the success or failure of Bitcoin.</p><p>Today's reality is that certain market participants are not long-term investors. Many unfortunately consider stocks as pieces of paper, as short-term trading instruments. If Bitcoin were to struggle and decline in value, that volatility and environment would be excellent for COIN. In fact, that might be a great time to \"dip one's toe\" into a position. However, the Reddit and Wall Street Bets community is more likely to consider short-term trading momentum than bottoms up, underlying fundamentals.</p><p>As we discussed earlier, COIN generated an impressive 2020 operating margin of 32%, compared to a (9%) in 2019. While some companies can post steady and smooth operating margins, COIN's will be much lumpier, at least until it is less Bitcoin becomes less volatile. Also, COIN has $188 million of cryptocurrencies on its balance sheet, comprised mainly of $130 million of Bitcoin and $24 million of Ether. There will be opportunities to purchase COIN, when short-term investors sell. This will likely occur as COIN ramps up its expenses or when Bitcoin falls.</p><p><b>Price Target:</b></p><p>Over the next month or so, we anticipate most sell-side analysts will publish targets on COIN. Unfortunately, most will use revenue multiples to determine their price targets. Manole Capital only owns companies that generate earnings and free cash flow, so we are loathe to utilize revenue multiples for price targets. We find that companies that use revenue multiples to justify a valuation are often incapable of generating important free cash flow. We are fine with companies investing in their future to ensure growth, but we cannot invest in companies that aren't concerned with free cash flow. For us, using the crutch of a revenue multiples isn't something we are comfortable doing.</p><p>Fortunately, for this analysis of COIN, the company generates plenty of profit and free cash flow. We conservatively model COIN's revenue next year at $4.6 billion. Also, we believe it can add a point or two to EBITDA margins, into the mid-40% range. That would be 2021 EBITDA of $2.1 billion or $11.89 per share. We don't want to sound like a \"wise old sage\", but in the \"olden days\", investors could utilize reasonable EV (enterprise value) to EBITDA multiples in the 10x to 15x range. Maybe, if a company was experiencing fantastic growth and was getting acquired, you might see an EBITDA multiple approach 20x. Nasdaq, ICE and CBOE all have trailing EV to EBITDA multiples in the mid-to-high teens. In order to be remotely close to where COIN will trade this week, we would have to use a MarketAxess (MKTX) or Tradeweb (TW) lofty TTM EV to EBITDA multiples of roughly 45x. We just don't believe EV to EBITDA is the proper valuation metric to currently use. Should we use another cryptocurrency company like Silvergate (SI) and estimate a valuation using their EV to EBITDA multiple? At 108x trailing EBITDA, that would be a waste of time.</p><p>To arrive at a realistic COIN price target, let's just model earnings and use a premium forward P/E multiple. If we apply a tax rate of 25% (not assuming any tax loss carryovers), we can estimate an EPS in 2021 of $8.50.</p><p>Using that $8.50 per share in EPS, we then want to apply an exchange-like multiple, adding in a premium for COIN due to its exceptional growth. The average publicly-traded exchange trades at a forward P/E multiple of 20x. The table below provides some different targets, based upon the premium P/E one believes COIN deserves.</p><p><b>Forward P/E Multiple 25x 30x 40x 45x 50x</b></p><p>Premium to Peers 20% 50% 100%</p><p>COIN Target $213 $255 $340 $381 $426</p><p>On Wednesday, initial projections are looking for COIN to trade towards $65 billion, which implies $350 per share. We fully anticipate COIN rocketing past $400 and potentially closing the day in the $500 per share range. This would imply a market capitalization of COIN of $93 billion, which is approaching the $100 billion level that have been rumored to have occurred on some private exchanges.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b></p><p>We expect COIN's direct listing on April 14th to be \"hot\".</p><p>In a typical IPO, companies raise capital and provide exclusive, early access to large institutions. With wire houses placing shares into large institutions and asset managers first, retail investors often get shut out. Retail platforms like Schwab, Ameritrade, Robinhood, Fidelity typically cannot access IPOs for their customers.</p><p>Since COIN has over $1 billion of cash on its balance sheet and does not need capital, it has decided to do a direct listing. The advantage of a direct listing is that it will enable retail investors to purchase COIN at the same time as larger institutions. Once COIN begins to trade freely on the Nasdaq exchange, both retail and institutional traders can participate. With 186 million shares outstanding, the market will ultimately determine what share price COIN trades at. We expect a flood of market orders, creating an interesting first day of trading.</p><p>Is the lofty valuation we just laid out fair? Probably not, but that's what the market will determine. Is this a realistic scenario? Are our forecasts too conservative? Should you be an aggressive buyer? We think our estimates are fair, but COIN will likely immediately trade towards an aggressive multiple.</p><p>If you don't want to pay that kind of forward multiple for COIN, there are other alternative. Maybe you should consider an investment in some of the other (and less expensive) exchanges, like Nasdaq or CBOE? These companies do not have the same growth prospects as COIN, but they do come with a much smaller price tag.</p><p>We believe that COIN is a safe, trusted and easy-to-use platform for trading digital currencies. Some investors believe that they have \"missed out\" on the meteoric rise of Bitcoin, so they might chase a position in COIN. Others will look at COIN as a long-term opportunity to own the dominant digital currency exchange.</p><p>In our opinion, owners should be willing to pay a premium for COIN shares, but they should also be prepared for significant volatility and competition. Only you know your specific risk/reward tolerances. Only time will tell the answers to some of these questions, but we'll get a good idea on Wednesday, once COIN trading begins.</p>","source":"seekingalpha","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Thinking About Buying Coinbase? - Here's Your Note</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nThinking About Buying Coinbase? - Here's Your Note\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-04-14 23:14 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://seekingalpha.com/article/4419039-thinking-of-buying-coinbase><strong>seekingalpha</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>Wednesday,Coinbase shares open at $381 on Nasdaq, valuing cryptocurrency exchange at $99.6 billion.SummaryCoinbase is going public today.Instead of reading their +300 page S-1, read our 19 page note....</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4419039-thinking-of-buying-coinbase\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"COIN":"Coinbase Global, Inc."},"source_url":"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4419039-thinking-of-buying-coinbase","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/5a36db9d73b4222bc376d24ccc48c8a4","article_id":"1145468327","content_text":"Wednesday,Coinbase shares open at $381 on Nasdaq, valuing cryptocurrency exchange at $99.6 billion.SummaryCoinbase is going public today.Instead of reading their +300 page S-1, read our 19 page note.We discuss: digital currencies, store of value, medium of exchange.Plus, a deep dive into COIN's model, storage, trading, price target.Manole Capital Management - Bitcoin & Coinbase (COIN) - April 2021What is FINTECH?Manole Capital Management exclusively focuses on the emerging FINTECH sector. For some investors, FINTECH means We define FINTECH as \"anything utilizing technology to improve an established process.\"* Source: This is a Business Insider slide on the FINTECH EcosystemFor us, the quintessential FINTECH business is the payment industry. As you can see in this FINTECH ecosystem Business Insider slide, we bolded thePayments and Remittancesspace, as that is our preferred area to invest. Others can invest in FINTECH's through Alternative Finance companies or digital banks or Insurtechs, but for us, we love the payment sector. We are attracted to the predictable, sustainable and recurring revenues of their businesses, where they essentially earn revenue per swipe economics.When most investors discuss FINTECH, they rarely (if ever) discuss the exchanges. Similar to these payment and transaction-based models, many of the exchanges also earn revenue, free cash flow and profits per transaction or trade. When it comes to trading certain assets (interest rates, equities, commodities, foreign currency, etc), there tends to be high barriers to entry or an impregnable moat around certain franchises. While many of these businesses are not recession proof, they have proven to be recession resistant.Financials:While Financials only represent 11.3% of the S&P 500 (as of March 2021), roughly 3/4rd's of this sector's weight is comprised of traditional financial institutions, like banks and insurance companies. These businesses are typically credit sensitive, with opaque and complex balance sheets. To simplify the banking model, the underlying asset is the US dollar and they simply look to borrow that capital at a low fee and lend it out to borrowers at a higher rate. This spread business can generate excellent returns, but it comes with a risk. Is the bank following a solid and time-tested risk model? Are borrowers credit worthy?If an investor has exposure to the Financial sector, one should have a strong opinion on the 10-year yield. The 10-year stands at 1.7% and has significantly risen over the last several months. The Financial sector has a 5-year rolling correlation with the 10-year Treasury of 67% (per Scotiabank and Bloomberg research). We simply choose to not invest in banks and business models that don't have ourideal characteristics (click here).As we stated above, we are attracted to businesses that generate steady and recurring and free cash flow. Unfortunately, most Financials are not transaction based business models.Our Goal:This note will review digital currencies, Bitcoin and the opportunity in the exchange space. We will use our over two decades of experience following and owning exchanges to draw some parallels for this new asset class. For example, there are \"big picture\" matters concerning storage, access, theft, usage, documentation, identity, rights and dozens of other issues. Blockchain and technology advancements theoretically solve some of these problems, but unfortunately not all.Some digital currency or technology experts might find this analysis rudimentary. Others are new to this asset class and want a primer on the industry. That's our primary goal or target, is to provide an initial 30,000 foot view on digital currencies and then dive into the details of the largest (and soon to be public) exchange.As always, we strive to present our work in a very readable format. If they had the patience to read our research, we attempt to write our notes so our 80-year father or 14-year old son could easily understand. We will try our best to review the requirements to be considered a currency, volatility, pricing, digital wallets, NFT's (non-fungible tokens), stable coins and some other digital currency issues. After that, we will do a fairly deep dive into Coinbase (ticker COIN). You can read their nearly 300-page S-1 filing with theSEC (click here)or you can let us serve as your \"Cliff Notes\" version. We will discuss their business model, how they generate revenue, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as provide a framework for valuation and a price target. We hope you find this latest research from Manole Capital topical and interesting.Digital Currencies:In our 1st quarter 2021 investor newsletter, which we published on Seeking Alpha, we discussed COIN's business and its opportunity. We wrote a couple pages on the subject, but felt it deserved a much larger and dedicated piece of research.Before we dive into Coinbase, we wanted to provide our thoughts on Bitcoin and digital currencies. As we stated in the opening paragraph, Manole Capital believes the payments industry is the dominant FINTECH sector. Over the last 5 years, we have done a significant amount of work on digital currencies, trying to understand their best usage, functionality and role in the future of payments. Are digital currencies a threat to the payment networks, processors and merchant acquirers? In order to answer these questions, one has to understand how a typical payment transaction occurs. Who processes, clears and settles a card transaction?We have written dozens of articles on this subject, which can easily be viewed here. In our opinion, there are two main requirements for something to be considered a viable currency. One is that it must be a \"store of value\" and the second is that it must be a \"medium of exchange\".The Requirements To Be A Currency:In order to be a viable currency, two specific requirements are needed. One is that the currency should be a\"store of value\".This is often defined as any asset that can smoothly maintain its economic value, rather than rapidly depreciating. The other requirement is that the currency should be a\"medium of exchange\" or an instrument used to facilitate the sale, purchase or trade of goods between parties.In terms of speed and efficiency, there is no comparison when comparing the centralized payment system to Bitcoin's decentralized platform. Visa processes 1,700 transactions per second and it claims to have 40x the spare capacity, to handle 65,000 transactions per second. PayPal (PYPL) stated that during the 2020 holiday shopping season, it processed over 1,000 transactions per second. Using Bitcoin and its blockchain for global purchases and payments can process roughly 7 transactions per second.As technology improves, one could argue Bitcoin processing will improve. However, if Bitcoin were to get used for payments, the conversion of crypto holdings into US dollars will dramatically increase overall network transactions. We are big believers in the concept of...\"if it ain't broke, don't fix it!\"There are significant acceptance advantages to the existing payment ecosystem. Visa and Mastercard are accepted in over 200 countries and at over 40 million global merchants. Their payment acceptance brands stand for trust and allows billions of purchase transactions to occur each year. The Visa and Mastercard logos are known around the world, permitting the exchange of goods and services in seconds. While Bitcoin is slowly becoming more recognizable, it simply does not have the same acceptance. We believe the existing payment ecosystem handles the \"medium of exchange\" process well. The overall payment landscape is a well-oiled machine, that involves three to four parties, approving transactions in in roughly 1 to 2 seconds.We have discussed the long-term opportunity for a FINTECH company or two to create a \"Super App Holy Grail\". This would be allowing customers to transact with their mobile phone, in whatever currency they wish, at all global merchants. Getting consumers to get rid of their leather wallets is easier said than done. Even though we consider ourselves to be fairly technologically savvy, we still have a wallet that looks a lot like Seinfeld's George Costanza's.Several companies have recently announced their intentions to help spur Bitcoin acceptance. On March 30th, 2021, PYPL announced the launch of its \"Checkout with Crypto\" option. Participating merchants (initially ½ of PYPL's 29 million) can offer their customers the ability to pay for purchases using Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum or Bitcoin Cash. How will this work? Once a PYPL customer purchases or stores crypto holdings in their PYPL digital wallet, he/she will be permitted to use those funds at checkout. When a transaction occurs, PYPL users will see the option to apply their balance to complete a purchase. When customers choose this payment option, PYPL will exchange their crypto for US dollars through its clearinghouse partner, Paxos. The transaction will occur based upon a spot market rate, with a 50 basis point spread built in. PYPL will then remit payment (in US dollars) to the merchant, to satisfy the exchange of goods or services.While this sounds easy, there are significant hurdles. Certain details are still emerging, but customers using this service must buy their crypto within their PYPL digital wallet. This will satisfy PYPL's adherence to Know Your Customer (KYC) guidelines, but it doesn't solve all potential hiccups. The four cryptocurrencies PYPL said customers can use, are likely to cause problems. The SEC and IRS have not deemed these to be currencies, but instead, consider them capital assets. If they were to be used for payment, the underlying client will potentially have capital gain taxes, if their PYPL digital wallet has paper gains. If you are making a $20 purchase at Walgreen's, we don't believe customers are wanting to consider the tax ramifications of using their Bitcoin balance in their digital wallet. That potential $20 purchase could potentially cost you a tax liability of 100%.Even if we ignore the large tax issues, there are additional worries. So, if the cryptocurrency in your digital wallet is going to be used to fund purchases, who is going to pay for it? Merchants will have to pay for the cost of converting cryptocurrencies into US dollars, whatever that cost might be. There will be the traditional merchant discount rates applied, but this will ultimately be another cost for merchants to bear. Besides a company like Tesla, that has a dynamic CEO, do you envision merchant's dying to accept additional costs to help their customers transact? Especially when cards are so ubiquitous?So,Teslahas decided it will accept Bitcoin as a form of payment. What does this really mean? If a consumer has a sizeable gain in Bitcoin and wishes to use it to purchase a \"free\" Tesla, there are serious tax consequences. Just like selling an appreciated stock, where a consumer has to pay capital gains taxes, Bitcoin would be under the same burden. Until the IRS classifies Bitcoin as a currency, and not property, this tax problem will remain.The second problem comes if the Tesla buyer decides to return his/her new vehicle. Tesla reserves the right to pay the consumer back in cash, worth the original purchase price, not in Bitcoin. If Bitcoin jumps in value since the original transaction date, the consumer would be negatively impacted. If Bitcoin falls in price, Tesla could return a depreciated Bitcoin to the car buyer. Are there hundreds of thousands of consumers yearning to purchase a Tesla with Bitcoin? We doubt there's too many, especially if they are aware of the tax issues.Last week, Visa announced it would use various FINTECH API's (application programming interface) offered by cryptocurrency custodian and privately-held Anchorage. Visa plans to settle transactions using US dollar stablecoin, powered by the Ethereum blockchain. Once again, this is exciting news, but will likely encounter problems and take a while to come to fruition.Before one uses Bitcoin to transact at the POS (point of sale), be actually believe it can become an excellent opportunity for money transfer. Western Union is about to turn 170 years old and can be considered the original FINTECH company. However, moving paper currency around the world is not terribly technologically advanced. Visa has launched an expanded version of itsDirectplatform, which will allow for cross border disbursements. Visa's platform supports real-time domestic and cross-border person-to-person, business-to-small business and business-to-consumer use cases, so the options are endless. Bill Sheley is the global head of Visa Direct, and he stated, \"Visa is innovating to give financial institutions, governments, individuals and businesses new ways to pay and get paid beyond the card.\"On the \"store of value\" front, the total addressable market for assets is enormous. For example, art and collectibles are a $20 trillion market, gold is $10 trillion, real estate is $200 trillion, bonds are $100 trillion and equities are another $30 trillion.50% of gold is used in jewelry and another 1/3 is used in electronics. While gold used to back fiat currencies, Britain dropped the gold standard in 1931. The US followed suit in 1933 and totally abandoned the gold standard in 1973. There are additional issues to consider like fixed or variable supply, as well as volatility concerns.We agree that digital currencies are becoming a feasible \"store of value\". In our opinion, digital currencies have significant challenges to becoming a \"medium of exchange\". With that caveat, the opportunity for the crypto-economy and digital currencies to thrive is still open ended and vast.Inflation:The world is always looking for additional asset classes and stores of value, especially as governments keep the currency printing presses running 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.Last year, the Federal Reserve printed an unprecedented amount of dollars, roughly 1/5 th of all US dollars ever printed. On a daily basis, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing produces over $500 million over 38 million notes.If you are the United States and the dollar is considered the dominant global currency, your perception of Bitcoin (or any digital assets) should be of concern. The ability of countries to simply print money should inherently be inflationary, yet Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell continues to seek to get the US at and above 2% annually.A couple of weeks ago, the Biden administration announced an infrastructure bill, called the American Jobs Plan, with a $2 trillion spending target. In March of 2021, US government passed a $1.9 trillion stimulus package. This followed a December of 2020 stimulus package of $900 billion, as well as a CARES Act in March 2020 bill of $2.2 trillion. We are not making a statement about the merits of any of these packages and stimulus programs. We simply are trying to point out the massive amount of money that is getting printed.Many cryptocurrency bulls will cite inflationary worries with fiat currencies for why their digital cryptocurrencies assets are undervalued. We understand this argument, but always come back to an initial framework. If you are the US or the European Union or Chinese government, would you be able to control your society if there wasn't a viable currency in place? Would economies function without government control of its fiat currency? If cryptocurrencies become widely accepted and are considered a better version of payment, would governments be able to function? If the US couldn't issue additional debt to fund its spending initiatives, would it even exist? We just don't believe government regulators will allow certain cryptocurrencies to thrive, especially if it threatens their sovereign currencies.We tend to look at this as a simple supply and demand equation. While Bitcoin has currently issued 18.7 million tokens, there is only a maximum of 21 million that can be created. That fixed supply is counter to some governments. For example, there are countries that have taken the printing of fiat currency too far. Zimbabwe is but one example of runaway inflation. Here's a picture of one of their 100 trillion bills. Yes, that's a 100 trillion. Do you want to be a trillionaire? Simply buy one on eBay for $8.99,by clicking here.Source: This is a picture of Zimbabere's currency, that I took on myiPhoneAs this Piper Sandler chart shows, Bitcoin now has a market capitalization of roughly $1 trillion. If we look at the top 10 digital assets by market capitalization, the vast majority of market share falls to just 2 currencies.* Source: This is a Piper Sandler slide/chartIt is estimated that Bitcoin is over 55% of all cryptocurrency market capitalization and Ethereum is roughly 11%. Cryptocurrencies like Tether, Binance Coin, Stellar, Cardano, Litecoin have a modest following and just 1% to 2% market share (all under $50 million in market cap).Digital currencies should be considered assets, as they can be represented digitally, dynamically transmitted, and stored safely in the cloud. However, digital assets and cryptocurrencies have a long way to go to become used in our globally interconnected economies.Rules & Regulations:In a perfect world, we think all assets should trade 365 days a year and 24 hours a day. In this hypothetical environment, assets should immediately process and settle and fees to transact should be modest. Why does the NYSE only officially operate from 9:30 am to 4:00 pm EST Monday through Friday (and not on holidays)? There are trades that occur pre-market and post-market hours, but liquidity and volumes are sparse. The simple answer is that this is the way it has always occurred and why should we change something that isn't broken.The traditional exchanges have always had a set period of time where they are \"open for business\", but this is changing. For example, the technology backbone of the CME Group (ticker CME) is called Globex. It essentially permits 24/7 trading to occur on its electronic platform for equities, interest rates, commodities, foreign exchange and other assets. After years of investing in international growth, roughly 1/5 th of all volumes come from outside of the US.In order to have access to Globex, there are rules one needs to adhere to, as exchanges are heavily regulated entities. Just like banks need to conduct AML (anti-money laundering) and KYC (know your customer) due diligence on its customer base, the exchanges need to follow strict guidelines enforced by their regulators.As of today, we believe there are over 50 distinct blockchain protocols which support more than 7,500 various digital assets. Unfortunately, the financial systems are not known as entities that are quick to adopt change and technology. The world has embraced the internet, as a revolutionary and transformational platform. However, financial systems are not comfortable seamlessly exchanging data, information and assets. There are numerous activities like cross border payments or peer-to-peer payments that are ideally suited for technological advancements, but rules and regulations exist to stymie growth.The goal of an open and transparent financial system is honorable, but not terribly realistic. In terms of managing one's assets, especially money, the process can be cumbersome.Volatility:If we accept cryptocurrency as a digital asset, we then want to better understand how value is determined, where it can be stored and how best to process and handle its exchange. With decentralized assets, the network allows participants to transact without intermediaries. Who sets the value and determines price?The most notable cryptocurrency is Bitcoin and it has a CAGR of over 150%, from 2013 to 2020. In 2017, it rose 1,318%, but then fell by (72.6%) in 2018. In 2020, it rose over 302% and it currently is up well over 50% this year. Since January of 2017, there have been 5 corrections of 50% of more in Bitcoin, so it can be wildly volatile.We are slowly getting comfortable with digital assets and cryptocurrencies as a \"store of value\" and believe they will become a viable asset in one's diversified portfolio. Each individual or entity needs to determine their own risk and reward framework, so cryptocurrency might be 10 basis points or 10% of one's portfolio.Opinions on Bitcoin are changing every day. Back in 2018, the CEO of Blackrock (Larry Fink) called Bitcoin a currency \"for money launderers.\" A year earlier, JP Morgan CEO, Jaime Dimon called Bitcoin a \"fraud\" and threated to fire any bank employee who dealt with the currency. Fast forward to today: Blackrock (in January 2021) enabled two of its mutual funds to purchase Bitcoin, and a JP Morgan analyst recently published that he thinks Bitcoin could rise to $146,000.Recently, large institutional interest has boosted the price of certain digital assets. High profile investors like John Tudor Jones (May 2020) and Stanley Druckenmiller have made sizeable purchases of various digital currencies. Other companies like Microstrategy (August 2020) and Tesla (Feb 2021) have made sizeable transactions for their firm's balance sheet.Stable Coins:A stable coin is simply a digital asset that is attempts to lower volatility by pegging itself to an actual fiat currency or physical asset (ex: gold). For example, Tether has a market capitalization of over $40 billion, is backed by US dollars and it's the largest cryptocurrency stable coin. One of the risks associated with stable coins is ensuring that the proper amount of fiat currency is held in reserve to match the amount of stable coins in circulation.In prior official commentary, the Governor of the Central Bank of Russia - Elvira Nabiullina - stated that Russa was against any form of private currency, as it threatened financial sovereignty. Russia's Ministry of Internal Affairs also was considering seizing all digital currencies and claiming cryptocurrencies criminal activity. Now, in January 2021, the Bank of Russia began to test a ruble-based stable coin. While starting cautiously, the Russian Central Bank is exploring the possibility of issuing its own digital currency. There are numerous countries that are investigating the process of issuing CBDC's or Central Bank Digital Currencies. China has studied the process of issuing a digital yuan, the European Central Bank is looking into a digital Euro.Other governments and regulators have highlighted the risks of digital currencies. The UK's Financial Conduct Authority called crypto assets \"high risk, speculative investments\" where investors \"should be prepared to lose all their money.\" US Treasury Secretary (and former Federal Reserve Chairwoman) Janet Yellen has warned on investing in digital currencies too. Just a week ago, India's Reserve Bank took a fairly bearish tone on digital currencies. Rumors are that India is looking to pass a law outlawing cryptocurrencies and making anyone trading or holding them punishable with sizeable fines. India's Finance minister is Nirmala Sitharaman and she said India's Cabinet will shortly issue a final ruling on the matter and that the governments ruling is \"under preparation and nearing completion\".Will additional countries look to make cryptocurrencies illegal? These type of comments act as a governor to adoption and change. Politicians and governments are worried about losing control of their economies. Statements like this are further evidence that governments will remain a headwind. We aren't going to put this in the realm of a new \"space race\", but the country that embraces this technology first might have an early advantage versus those that are afraid of change.Digital Currency Conclusion:This quick digital currency discussion was created to set the framework for an analysis of Coinbase (ticker COIN). Will digital currencies replace traditional payment systems? We do not believe it will, but continued adoption and traction in digital currencies is noticeable.Is Bitcoin poised to climb higher, or will it crash? We simply don't know. What we do know is that we prefer to own the medium where these \"assets\" trade. We would compare this to the Gold Rush of the mid-1800's. Back in 1849, owning Levi Strauss made a fortune selling picks, pans and shovels to '49ers looking for gold. Back then, some would say, \"There's gold in those mountains.\"Nowadays, there's a huge opportunity in the collection of data and information. We truly have no idea what the price of Bitcoin will do, except we know that it will be very volatile. As we know, volatility leads to trading, which should equate to profits for the exchanges. Speaking of exchanges, let's now discuss another exchange and upcoming FINTECH direct listing - COIN.Introduction to Coinbase (ticker COIN):The stated goal of COIN is \"to create an open financial system for the world.\" While this is altruistic, it seems to be fairly broad based goal. It is noble to strive to create a financial system that is transparent for all mankind. It might be more prudent to strive to provide an end-to-end infrastructure and technology platform for all types of cryptocurrencies.From our perspective, it might be judicious for COIN to focus its attention on providing value adding services for all types of digital currencies. If COIN becomes the dominant exchange where anyone can easily and securely send and receive Bitcoin, it will thrive. If COIN can create an efficient and accessible marketplace for the emerging digital assets community, it can be a massive success. There are hundreds of platforms that want to democratize access to the crypto-economy, but COIN (as the oldest and most recognizable brand) seems to have an early lead in this race.Coinbase:COIN was started in 2012 and it has built a trusted platform for accessing various crypto currencies. Using blockchain technology, COIN has simplified the user experience and reduced the complexity of purchasing, selling and holding digital currencies. In its early days, COIN was primarily just used for sending and receiving cryptocurrencies. Then, it became a trusted platform for those seeking to invest in various currencies. We liken this period as COIN's realization that it needed to become an \"exchange\" or intermediary between buyers and sellers. It has since launched cryptocurrency payments, distribution capabilities, storage, borrowing and lending services.As this chart from COIN shows, there are over 45 different cryptocurrencies investors can purchase and another 90 that can be stored at COIN.* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1However, two primary digital currencies dominate COIN's total trading volumes. In 2020, Bitcoin represented 41% of COIN's trading volumes and 15% came from Ethereum. While this 56% is a decline from 2019 levels (72% of the total mix), we envision both will remain the primary digital currencies traded on COIN.Revenue:Over the last several years, COIN has materially grown its revenue. In 2019, revenue $533 million and it impressively grew to $1.3 billion last year. As we show in our pie chart, in 2020, COIN's $1.28 billion of revenue grew 130% year-over-year and was a mix of 86% Transactional, 3% Subscription & Services and 11% \"Other\".On April 6th, COIN reported 1st quarter 2021 results and the metrics were eye popping. Last quarter, COIN generated $1.8 billion in revenue, which exceeded the prior two years combined.In 2020, 86% of COIN's total revenue wasTransactionalin nature. This means revenue was derived from sending, receiving, investing and spending cryptocurrencies. When it comes to Transactional revenue, we like to look at the fee as a percentage of total volume traded.COIN provided this diagram and it shows exactly what products are inside of each of its revenue classifications. The remaining 15% of total revenue came fromSubscription & Services,which COIN classifies as paying, distributing, storage, and from borrowing and lending cryptocurrencies.* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1Storing earns custodial fee revenue, which we will dissect in a couple of pages. Staking revenue comes from validation on a proof-of-stake blockchain transaction. License revenue is generated from users of its Analytics services. Lastly, COIN can earn campaign revenue or distribution fees when its constructs educational materials for issuers. For cryptocurrency issuers, COIN earns revenue for helping the platform engage with its users, in the form of educational videos or tasks, when cryptocurrencies are attempting to widen their distribution, marketing and acceptance. While these ancillary services are nice, the real opportunity is trading.Customer Type:In its S-1 regulatory filing, COIN showed its product portfolio, separated from retail users, institutions and other ecosystem partners. One has to understand that different clients are paying different rates. Over the last 8 quarters, this revenue rate has averaged 0.61%, with a high of 0.80% in the 1st quarter of 2019 and a low of 0.50% in the 4th quarter of 2020.Looking at the last 8 quarters, we can clearly see that both retail and institutional trading volumes have exploded higher. It is interesting to see that Retail was bigger at $45 billion in the 1 st quarter of 2018 than it was at the end of last year at $32 billion. Also, one can see that Institutional trading volumes have gone from $11 billion in the 1 st quarter of 2018 and now are over $57 billion.* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1COIN has different fees depending on whether or not the client is retail or institutional, as well as whether or not the client uses Coinbase or Coinbase Pro, which we will discuss this later on, in our pricing section.Trading volumes:In terms of exchanges, it all comes down to volumes. Crypto exchange volumes have soared, because of strong interest from both retail and institutional clients. This type of growth will not continue, but volatility tends to drive overall volumes.Looking at this Compass table, one can clearly see that volumes noticeably increased in 2018, following the rise of Bitcoin in December of 2017. What happened in late 2017 that helped drive future trading volumes? Well, CBOE and CME both launched Bitcoin future contracts that month.* Source: This is a slide/chart from CompassSo far in 2021, COIN has experienced 298% growth in ADV (average daily volumes). What did Bitcoin increase last year? Just over 300%. There's clearly a very high correlation between Bitcoin's recent price and COIN's future ADV.One of our favorites aspects of investing in the exchanges is the ability to simply model the businesses in Excel. The large, publicly-traded exchanges provide wonderful transparency for investors, by posting daily volumes. We liken this to Goldman Sachs or Morgan Stanley providing real-time insights into their prop desk trading results. You shouldn't hold your breath for that level of transparency, right?Bitcoin, Bitcoin and Bitcoin:In the real estate business, the common phrase is that the 3 most important items are \"location, location and location.\" For digital currency exchanges, we believe the 3 most important products are \"Bitcoin, Bitcoin and more Bitcoin.\"On COIN's platform, the volumes tend to be concentrated in a few different currencies. In 2019, BTC or Bitcoin was 58% of COIN's trading volumes, but that fell to 41% in 2020. ETH or Ethereum was 14% in 2019 and that grew slightly last year to 15% of COIN's total. The biggest category jump came from \"other\", which was 18% in 2019 and grew to 44% last year.Having multiple products to transact in is obviously key, but COIN is cryptocurrency dependent. Yes, tokens like Dogecoin might come in and out of favor, but COIN is dependent upon higher Bitcoin and Ethereum prices.A great aspect to owning CME is their transparency. Not only does CME provide daily ADV, but they provide details on open interest. We like to follow open interest, as it is a leading indicator of future volumes. Also, CME provides details on large open interest holders (called LOIH's) or those owners of a minimum of $7.5 million of Bitcoin futures. Over the last couple of months, CME has hit all-time highs in volumes in Bitcoin futures trading. This year, Bitcoin futures contracts on the CME have averaged 13,800 contracts per day, up 42% year-over-year.Like CME, COIN has invested heavily in its technology to give its customers access to a deep pool of cryptocurrency liquidity. Like we just described, this liquidity can act as a virtuous cycle. Volumes beget more volumes and leading more customers onto the platform.Pricing:We focus on the trading volume of an exchange, but also try to model how revenues are generated from this volume. Each trade does not generate the same level of revenue, as different traders tend to pay different prices.In derivative exchange land, we often look at commission prices as RPC or rate per contract. For example, CME charges $0.478 a contract to trade interest rates, $0.545 to trade equities, $0.764 to trade foreign currency, $1.397 to trade metals, $1.336 to trade agricultural commodities and $1.124 to trade energy. Within each product, prices can vary. For example, WTI crude is a different trading price versus natural gas contracts. While CME is trying to get more retail customers into trading futures and options, the vast majority of its volumes are from institutions.At COIN, there are different fees for different clients. COIN has two main fee structures, one called Coinbase Pro and the other called Coinbase Prime. Here's a quick look at the pricing tiers, as discussed in the S-1 filing, based upon whether or not a client is taking or providing liquidity (called taker fee and maker fee).* Source: This is a slide/chart from CompassTransaction revenue, as a percentage of total volumes traded, has averaged 0.61% over the last 8 quarters. Over these 2 years, retail client transactional revenue has increased from 1.27% up to 1.47%. For institutional clients, revenues as a percentage of volumes traded has fallen from 0.07% down to 0.05%. Clearly, retail customers pay significantly more than institutional clients to trade.Also, unlike transacting in a stock, COIN calls its transaction based revenue \"staking\" revenue. This is earned from transaction validation on a proof-of-stake blockchain, when COIN's nodes successfully creates or validates a certain block. This revenue is recognized when the rewards are available for transfer and at the point when the block creator or validation is complete. The metrics that determine the staking revenue are driven by quantity, price and rewards rate.Customers:The strengths of COIN's platform seem to be its vast and extensive network of contacts. COIN is leveraging its trusted brand to attract those that want access to transact or store cryptocurrencies.COIN's growth strategy is based upon driving more customers onto its platform and becoming the de-facto platform for cryptocurrency. Just like the online brokers did in the 1990's, the key to growth was adding new accounts and clients to the platform.In this COIN chart, one can see the exceptional growth in verified users or those that have \"demonstrated an interest\" in COIN's platform. In addition to these users, there are another 7,000 institutional customers, across roughly 100 countries.* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1These verified users have registered for an account and confirmed either their email address or a phone number. In our model, we are not terribly interested in tracking verified users as a key metric. While it is nice to know who interested in cryptocurrencies, it is much more important to understand who is willing to transact.As you can see in this Compass Point chart, COIN has 2.8 million MTU or monthly transacting users. In order to be considered a customer needs to have logged in and transacted one time, over a 28-day rolling period.* Source: This is a slide/chart from CompassIt is interesting to see that there were 2.7 million MTU's in the 1 st quarter of 2018 and 2.8 million MTU's at the end of last year. Over those 2 years, MTU's dramatically declined and then lifted. As of today, COIN has roughly 3 million MTUs, which was up +180% year-over-year, but we like to think of it as only 7% of its verified total accounts.This reminds us of the online brokerage business, back in the 1990's and 2000's. For years, the primary goal of marketing executives at the online brokers was to generate more and more accounts. The theory was that with new accounts, clients would eventually look to consolidate their relationships with one or possibly two firms. Once an account was opened, the goal was to increase wallet share from that satisfied customer.For online brokerages, driving customers typically comes from TV advertising. One cannot watch CNBC or Bloomberg or Fox Business without seeing advertisements for Schwab, TD Ameritrade, E*Trade, Fidelity or Interactive Brokers. Robinhood was very successful in opening up investment accounts for the emerging Gen-Z demographic, but its well-publicized issues in late January (regarding prohibiting \"meme stocks\" purchases) might impact its torrid account growth.How does COIN plan on increasing its exposure and customer base? Our guess is that it will look to increase its marketing spend. The ROI or return on investment of TV marketing is somewhat opaque. We anticipate COIN learning from its foray into marketing and advertising, with some successes, as well as some failures.The best avenue to increase accounts and customers is to offer a product that cannot be easily replicated. COIN can continue its account growth by launching new and innovative products, as well as offering access to new cryptocurrencies.While BTC or Bitcoin is the dominant cryptocurrency today, maybe there will be a new and exciting cryptocurrency in vogue tomorrow. Over the last few months, Dogecoin has garnered significant attention and media coverage. While we shake our head and do not understand the fascination with this cryptocurrency, the goal for COIN is to attract and become the go to platform for those that wish to transact. COIN needs to expand its support of all digitally native cryptocurrencies and help to tokenize new assets.Storage:While the vast majority of COIN's revenue is trading based, COIN does earns subscription and service revenue when customers choose to safely store their cryptocurrencies on its platform.COIN is one of the most trusted exchanges in the crypto space and operate as a \"qualified custodian\". This means that they have a separate company, called Coinbase Custody, which operates as a standalone, independently-capitalized business. Under New York State Banking Law, Coinbase Custody is considered a fiduciary. All digital assets are segregated and held in a trust. COIN has never suffered a hack that led to loss of funds and cannot afford to ever have that breached.As you can see in this COIN asset chart shows, there has been excellent growth on the platform. At the end of 2020, COIN had $90.3 billion in assets on its platform, which was up +432% year-over-year.* Source: This is a slide/chart from COIN's S-1Of these assets, 70% was from Bitcoin and another 13% were Ethereum. Clearly, those two currencies represent the bulk of COIN's platform assets.Wallets:The leather wallet in your pocket holds a combination of cash and credit/debit cards. However, cryptocurrencies and tokens need to be kept in a crypto wallet. \"Hot wallets\" are connected to the internet and are considered much less secure, while \"cold wallets\" are kept offline. Most cryptocurrency custodians employ \"cold\" storage to safely hold a client's digital assets.Acting as a cold cryptocurrency custodian (say that 3x fast), COIN derives fee revenue based on a percentage of the daily value of customer accounts. The assets under custody are a function of quantity, price and type of cryptocurrency asset.Custody:In addition to hot versus cold wallets, there are two primary ways to store your Bitcoin. The first is called self-custody. This is when an individual or entity has complete control of their Bitcoin. This entails maintaining and controlling your own private key. When it comes to Bitcoin storage, there is a popular self-custody mantra that says, \"not your keys, not your coins\". This implies that if you do not control the private key for your Bitcoin, it is not truly your Bitcoin.The second way to store your Bitcoin is to outsource it to a trusted custodian, like Kraken, Coinbase, Anchorage or others. In this case, the custodian stores your Bitcoin for you and they have control over its private key. Kraken is security focused and has an time-tested private key management practice. In its 10-years of existence, it has never been hacked.Whether one decides to self-custody or use an outsourced custody provider for storing your Bitcoin, two critical issues must be discussed. The first is trust. Do you trust the custodial firm that holds your Bitcoin? If one self-custodies, they bear the risk of lost private keys, break-ins or natural disasters. On the other hand, self-custody ensures you control your own Bitcoin. The obvious downside of self-custody is that one can lose all of your Bitcoin, if it is not stored properly.Do you trust the bank that holds your checking account or brokerage firm that holds your stocks? US financial institutions are some of the most highly regulated companies in the world and most have proven themselves to be good custodians of our assets. Maybe we can exclude Lehman Brothers and AIG from that statement, but it is fair statement for the other 10,000+ financial institutions in the US.Does trusting a firm called Kraken, with millions of dollars' worth of Bitcoin, sound like a sound idea? Some might prefer to custody with a firm like Bank of New York, which announced in March of 2021, that it intends to enter the Bitcoin custody business. However, does Bank of New York have the technological expertise and security protocols of newer entrants like Kraken? With a random name like Manole Capital, we clearly don't place too much emphasis on one's name. We do however appreciate 3 rd party, independent industry rankings. Kraken has been voted the #1 most secure cryptocurrency exchange by ICO Ratings.The second key issue to consider is protection and safety. Cryptocurrency custodians and exchanges are a prime target for hackers. There are hundreds and potentially thousands of thieves looking to steal your Bitcoin private key. PayPal and Robinhood recently sent warnings instructing their clients to install two factor authentication onto their digital wallets / account. Also, governments can force companies to freeze funds, if they perceive illegal activity or fraudulent behavior.Trusting someone else to store and manage your Bitcoin is a challenging decision. There have been a few custody firms to have disastrous results (i.e. Mt. Gox), but there are also extremely competent businesses that can trusted to hold your cryptocurrencies. For us, we prefer an expert store our assets, as opposed to keeping it under the proverbial mattress.Characteristics:As we mentioned earlier, there are certainideal characteristicswe look for in our investments. COIN has a strong brand name and dominates its cryptocurrency niche. Its platform is scalable and by leveraging certain blockchain advancements, COIN can provide a safe and secure environment for its customers.We often look for our companies to have dominant market shares, high barriers to entry and what Warren Buffett calls a \"moat around the franchise\". Regardless of industry, we always focus on an investment's market share. In terms of COIN's cryptocurrency market share, it has risen from 4.5% in 2018 to 8.3% in 2019 up to 11.0% in 2020.For exchanges, there is typically 1 or 2 firms that dominate the trading of a specific asset. These exchanges have the best liquidity and the tightest bid/ask spreads. For example, the CME dominates US interest rate trading, as well as WTI crude trading. Intercontinental Exchange dominates the Brent crude marketplace. Once an exchange begins to control trading for a certain asset, it is very difficult for a competitor to steal market share. Some try to lower trading pricing and commissions, but this usually is only temporary. Investors are always seeking best execution and will usually return to the marketplace with the most liquidity and tightest bid/ask spreads. From an exchange standpoint, this is definition of dominant market share, competitive advantage or possessing a moat around your franchise.Ideally, COIN is looking to become the one-stop shop for those wishing to buy, sell and/or store cryptocurrency. COIN has many of the desirable characteristics we look for in an investment, but it does have risks.Risk #1: BitcoinFor a business like COIN, there are literally dozens of risks. For starters, cryptocurrencies are volatile and we anticipate COIN's stock will be highly correlated to the price of BTC, Bitcoin and other important cryptocurrencies.As we have mentioned, the underlying price of these cryptocurrencies helps to determine COIN's revenue and profits. Possibly the biggest risk for owning COIN stock will be its reliance and dependency on rising Bitcoin and Ethereum prices.Risk #2: CompetitionOn the retail front, COIN has numerous competitors. For example, both Square's Cash App (36 million users) and PayPal (375 million accounts) are offering mobile-based wallets, primarily to retail clients. Customers can purchase various cryptocurrencies on both Square and PayPal and store them for free.Over time, we expect both of these firms to begin to allow wallet holders to transact in whatever currency he/she wishes. For example, a customer can use their Square Cash App wallet to transact at over 3 million Square merchant acquiring locations. This mobile wallet will permit credit or debit transactions, but might also permit the user to utilize their Bitcoin balance. There are numerous issues that still need to be resolved on this front, but this is what we have been calling \"closing-the-loop\".Risk #3: RegulationsExchanges are highly regulated entities and they must learn to engage with their regulators for the benefit of all market participants. COIN is subject to a regulated environment, but the rules and landscape are dynamic. Unlike US financials, with a known regulator, the laws and rules cryptocurrencies are subject to are constantly changing. As COIN moves more of its business to international markets, it will have additional governmental issues to deal with.The new SEC Chairman is Gary Gensler. Gensler was the head of the CFTC from May 2009 to January 2014 and was the primary regulator for the derivative exchanges. In his tenure at the CFTC, Gensler attempted to write rules and regulations for the swap markets, as suggested in the Dodd Frank Act of 2010 (following the Financial Crisis). Now that Gensler is at the SEC, one of his first challenges is what to do about regulating and providing oversight on Bitcoin and other digital currencies. He is not new to digital currencies, as he was a professor at MIT's Sloan School of Management after his stint at the CFTC. He primarily taught about blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies.As of today, there are only a few crypto funds available to investors. Grayscale has over $38 billion in assets and is the sponsor of the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (OTC:GBTC), which is provides Bitcoin exposure for qualified investors. GBT investors have a $25,000 minimum investment and currently pay a 2.5% management fee.Many firms (Skybridge Capital, Valkyrie Digital, Fidelity Investments, VanEck, WisdomTree, etc) have announced their intention to offer Bitcoin ETF's. attempted to get the SEC to approve Bitcoin ETF's. As of now, the SEC has not approved any of these filings, but it will ultimately have to make a decision on the subject. Earlier SEC rejections were based upon problems with volatility, transparency, market surveillance and market and price manipulation. We expect a positive Bitcoin ETF to be approved by the SEC in 2021.In addition to SEC regulation, we anticipate the Federal Reserve to explore the subject too. Chairman Jay Powell, in official Congressional testimony, has officially stated that the Fed is looking into the idea of a \"fully digital dollar\". This type of \"Fed coin\" would likely need Congressional and White House approval and it is very much in the early innings of its examination. Chairman Powell is still dealing with the ramifications of a global pandemic and a soft US economy, so a CBDC might not be his first or even second priority right now.Risk #4: SecurityAs with any exchange, security and safety is paramount. We anticipate that COIN will be subject to thousands of cybersecurity attacks. Hackers, criminals and even foreign countries might find it worthwhile to breach COIN's platform. COIN's valuation is dependent upon it keeping its first-mover advantage and its reputation as a dominant cryptocurrency custodian. Security, for customers and partners, cannot be underestimated and COIN will have a very large target on its back.Scale & EBITDA Margins:For us, we always like to model in operating or EBITDA margins, as well as free cash flow for our exchanges. In 2020, EBITDA margins for the largest exchanges were impressive. Here is a table of the dominant four exchanges and their EBITDA margins last year, as compared to COIN. Looking at the 2020 EBITDA margins of its publicly-traded exchange peers, provides interesting insights. Last year, CBOE posted 68% EBITDA margins and CME and ICE each posted margins in the 62% to 63% range. Despite trailing their competitors, Nasdaq had impressive EBITDA margins of 55%, that would be the envy of most companies. One key takeaway is that all of the exchanges are generating impressive margins with excellent leverage and scale opportunities.Exchanges: CBOE CME ICE NDAQ vs COIN2020 EBITDA Margins 68% 62% 63% 55% 41%These exchanges have spent billions of dollars building out a scalable platform, that has enormous operating leverage. Each and every transaction that occurs is extremely high incremental margins. Most do not provide guidance on future or forward revenue, but they do have decent insight into expenses. The CME typically will provide forward expense guidance in the 2% to 5% range each year. Expenses don't dramatically increase each and every year, but do modestly rise.How does COIN compare? Well, COIN is still constructing its exchange and heavily investing in its infrastructure. Last year, technology and development expenses were $271.7 million or 21% of COIN's total revenue. In 2019, this expense line item was 35% of revenue.In 2020, COIN's expenses grew 50% year-over-year to $868.5 million. At this early stage of its lifecycle, we are pleasantly surprised to see that COIN is generating positive operating leverage (expense growth less than revenue growth).As you can see in this Compass Point chart, over the last 8 quarters, COIN's Adjusted EBITDA margins have steadily improved. Are they peaking or at an all-time high? No, but the best part about COIN's current margin trajectory is where we see it going.* Source: This is a slide/chart from CompassIn its S-1, Brian Armstrong (COIN's CEO) stated a focus on operating profits, as it tries to manage its expense growth. He said, \"We may earn a profit when revenues are high, and we may lose money when revenues are low.\" He then went on to state that \"our goal is to roughly operate the company at break even, smoothed out over time.\"This has proven to be true, when one considers that COIN generated $533 million in revenue in 2019, but lost $30m of profit that year. Then, in 2020, COIN produced $527 million of EBITDA on $1.2 billion of revenue. Clearly, the exchanges can generate very impressive profit margins, at scale.The real benefit for the exchanges comes when volatility spikes and volumes soar. As this happens, assuming the exchanges properly manages this rising volatility, profitability climbs. As more and more volumes transact on a platform, free cash flow (and margins) is very attractive. Operating margins at its other publicly-traded exchanges have been high for years and do not fluctuate significantly from year-to-year. As revenues surprise to the upside, because volatility spikes, these exchanges typically reward their shareholders with buybacks and special dividends. As much more mature businesses, these exchanges tend to allow this leverage upside to fall to the bottom line. We anticipate that COIN will choose to re-invest any revenue upside towards marketing, growing its customer base, improving its platform, and building up its infrastructure.Valuation:In their 1st quarter 2021 release, management provided a low-to-mid-to-high range for a number of key metrics. In terms of MTU's, COIN management provided low guidance of 4.0 million and high guidance of 7.0 million. In 2019, the net revenue per MTU was $37 and it increased to $49 last year. Over the last 8 quarters, the net revenue per MTU range has grown from $26 in the 1 st quarter of 2019 up to $59 in the last quarter of 2020.In our modeling and analysis, we will stick with management guidance, which ranges from $35 million to $45 million in net revenue per MTU. This implies revenue for the final three quarters of the year could be in the $3.48 billion on the low side and up to $4.64 billion on the high side. If we simply average these low and high ranges, 2021 revenue would be $4.1 billion. Considering COIN did $1.8 billion in revenue in the 1 st quarter alone, it is probably safe to assume that 2021 revenue will approach $4 billion this year. Our model is fairly detailed, but for this exercise, we will use a nice round $4.0 billion in 2021 revenue. Then, for 2022, we will assume 15% growth, to $4.6 billion. This does not seem like we are being aggressive. In fact, we wouldn't be surprised if COIN generates this level of revenue a full year earlier.Without making an assumption on future volume growth, we need to estimate profit margins for COIN. Over the next decade, we would expect COIN to post EBITDA margins into the mid-50's%. Over the next one to two years, we would like COIN to annually increase margins by 200 basis points. This should be do-able, even with COIN making significant investments in their operational technology and platform.Stock Trading vs Fundamentals:It can be challenging to sometimes separate the volatility of a stock from its underlying fundamentals. For example, the primary exchange to trade interest rates is the CME. When it comes to trading Brent crude, most traders prefer ICE (although WTI is primarily traded on CME). While both of these exchanges trade hundreds of other products and assets, those two products (interest rates and Brent crude) tend to materially impact the exchange stock price.When it comes to COIN, we anticipate the stock will trade very closely to the price of Bitcoin and Ethereum. If both digital currencies continue to rise, COIN's stock will be a solid success. If Bitcoin falls by (80%), like it did in 2019, COIN's stock will dramatically fall. In a world with massive Bitcoin volatility, COIN's underlying fundamentals should be good. In theory, COIN's stock should correlate and reflect the volatility of Bitcoin and Ethereum, not just their upward trajectory. However, we fully anticipate COIN's stock to trade in-line with the success or failure of Bitcoin.Today's reality is that certain market participants are not long-term investors. Many unfortunately consider stocks as pieces of paper, as short-term trading instruments. If Bitcoin were to struggle and decline in value, that volatility and environment would be excellent for COIN. In fact, that might be a great time to \"dip one's toe\" into a position. However, the Reddit and Wall Street Bets community is more likely to consider short-term trading momentum than bottoms up, underlying fundamentals.As we discussed earlier, COIN generated an impressive 2020 operating margin of 32%, compared to a (9%) in 2019. While some companies can post steady and smooth operating margins, COIN's will be much lumpier, at least until it is less Bitcoin becomes less volatile. Also, COIN has $188 million of cryptocurrencies on its balance sheet, comprised mainly of $130 million of Bitcoin and $24 million of Ether. There will be opportunities to purchase COIN, when short-term investors sell. This will likely occur as COIN ramps up its expenses or when Bitcoin falls.Price Target:Over the next month or so, we anticipate most sell-side analysts will publish targets on COIN. Unfortunately, most will use revenue multiples to determine their price targets. Manole Capital only owns companies that generate earnings and free cash flow, so we are loathe to utilize revenue multiples for price targets. We find that companies that use revenue multiples to justify a valuation are often incapable of generating important free cash flow. We are fine with companies investing in their future to ensure growth, but we cannot invest in companies that aren't concerned with free cash flow. For us, using the crutch of a revenue multiples isn't something we are comfortable doing.Fortunately, for this analysis of COIN, the company generates plenty of profit and free cash flow. We conservatively model COIN's revenue next year at $4.6 billion. Also, we believe it can add a point or two to EBITDA margins, into the mid-40% range. That would be 2021 EBITDA of $2.1 billion or $11.89 per share. We don't want to sound like a \"wise old sage\", but in the \"olden days\", investors could utilize reasonable EV (enterprise value) to EBITDA multiples in the 10x to 15x range. Maybe, if a company was experiencing fantastic growth and was getting acquired, you might see an EBITDA multiple approach 20x. Nasdaq, ICE and CBOE all have trailing EV to EBITDA multiples in the mid-to-high teens. In order to be remotely close to where COIN will trade this week, we would have to use a MarketAxess (MKTX) or Tradeweb (TW) lofty TTM EV to EBITDA multiples of roughly 45x. We just don't believe EV to EBITDA is the proper valuation metric to currently use. Should we use another cryptocurrency company like Silvergate (SI) and estimate a valuation using their EV to EBITDA multiple? At 108x trailing EBITDA, that would be a waste of time.To arrive at a realistic COIN price target, let's just model earnings and use a premium forward P/E multiple. If we apply a tax rate of 25% (not assuming any tax loss carryovers), we can estimate an EPS in 2021 of $8.50.Using that $8.50 per share in EPS, we then want to apply an exchange-like multiple, adding in a premium for COIN due to its exceptional growth. The average publicly-traded exchange trades at a forward P/E multiple of 20x. The table below provides some different targets, based upon the premium P/E one believes COIN deserves.Forward P/E Multiple 25x 30x 40x 45x 50xPremium to Peers 20% 50% 100%COIN Target $213 $255 $340 $381 $426On Wednesday, initial projections are looking for COIN to trade towards $65 billion, which implies $350 per share. We fully anticipate COIN rocketing past $400 and potentially closing the day in the $500 per share range. This would imply a market capitalization of COIN of $93 billion, which is approaching the $100 billion level that have been rumored to have occurred on some private exchanges.Conclusion:We expect COIN's direct listing on April 14th to be \"hot\".In a typical IPO, companies raise capital and provide exclusive, early access to large institutions. With wire houses placing shares into large institutions and asset managers first, retail investors often get shut out. Retail platforms like Schwab, Ameritrade, Robinhood, Fidelity typically cannot access IPOs for their customers.Since COIN has over $1 billion of cash on its balance sheet and does not need capital, it has decided to do a direct listing. The advantage of a direct listing is that it will enable retail investors to purchase COIN at the same time as larger institutions. Once COIN begins to trade freely on the Nasdaq exchange, both retail and institutional traders can participate. With 186 million shares outstanding, the market will ultimately determine what share price COIN trades at. We expect a flood of market orders, creating an interesting first day of trading.Is the lofty valuation we just laid out fair? Probably not, but that's what the market will determine. Is this a realistic scenario? Are our forecasts too conservative? Should you be an aggressive buyer? We think our estimates are fair, but COIN will likely immediately trade towards an aggressive multiple.If you don't want to pay that kind of forward multiple for COIN, there are other alternative. Maybe you should consider an investment in some of the other (and less expensive) exchanges, like Nasdaq or CBOE? These companies do not have the same growth prospects as COIN, but they do come with a much smaller price tag.We believe that COIN is a safe, trusted and easy-to-use platform for trading digital currencies. Some investors believe that they have \"missed out\" on the meteoric rise of Bitcoin, so they might chase a position in COIN. Others will look at COIN as a long-term opportunity to own the dominant digital currency exchange.In our opinion, owners should be willing to pay a premium for COIN shares, but they should also be prepared for significant volatility and competition. Only you know your specific risk/reward tolerances. Only time will tell the answers to some of these questions, but we'll get a good idea on Wednesday, once COIN trading begins.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":241,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":345561957,"gmtCreate":1618324072279,"gmtModify":1634293705030,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","listText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","text":"[财迷]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/345561957","repostId":"1171091277","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1171091277","pubTimestamp":1618323218,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1171091277?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-04-13 22:13","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Coinbase scores Buy rating and $600 price target from MoffettNathanson ahead of IPO","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1171091277","media":"seekingalpha","summary":"MoffettNathanson initiated coverage of Coinbase Global (COIN) with a $600 one-year price target and ","content":"<p>MoffettNathanson initiated coverage of Coinbase Global (COIN) with a $600 one-year price target and a “Buy” rating on Tuesday, oneday before the cryptocurrency platform stages its eagerly anticipated Nasdaq direct listing.</p>\n<p>“We view Coinbase as a leading technology infrastructure provider for the cryptocurrency ecosystem, providing essential building blocks to facilitate the use of cryptocurrencies, including market-leading crypto storage and exchange capabilities,” MoffettNathanson wrote in a research note.</p>\n<p>“As the company describes it well, Coinbase provides an ‘on-ramp to the crypto economy’ enabling consumers, financial institutions, and businesses to easily and efficiently transition between fiat and cryptocurrencies, and securely store and use cryptocurrencies,” the firm added.</p>\n<p>Coinbase plans to go public Wednesday via a direct listing that could value the company at more than $100B.</p>\n<p>Investors are trying to ascertain what the shares should sell for, as there will be none of the official offer pricing that underwriters would set with a traditional IPO.</p>\n<p>However, a Coinbase futures contract traded outside or the United States on German-based platform FTX was up 3.6% shortly after 9 a.m. ET at $610.405.</p>\n<p>Each contract represents 1/250-millionth of what traders believe Coinbase will have for a market capitalization. At that level, COIN would have a $152.6B valuation.</p>\n<p>That said, FTX noted that it expects Coinbase to actually end Wednesday’s trading with 255M shares outstanding.</p>\n<p>Dividing the $152.6B implied market cap by 255M shares estimates that futures traders believe COIN shares will be worth about $598.44 apiece.</p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Coinbase scores Buy rating and $600 price target from MoffettNathanson ahead of IPO</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; 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}\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nCoinbase scores Buy rating and $600 price target from MoffettNathanson ahead of IPO\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-04-13 22:13 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://seekingalpha.com/news/3681326-moffettnathanson-gives-coinbase-a-buy-rating-and-600-price-target-ahead-of-ipo><strong>seekingalpha</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>MoffettNathanson initiated coverage of Coinbase Global (COIN) with a $600 one-year price target and a “Buy” rating on Tuesday, oneday before the cryptocurrency platform stages its eagerly anticipated ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://seekingalpha.com/news/3681326-moffettnathanson-gives-coinbase-a-buy-rating-and-600-price-target-ahead-of-ipo\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"COIN":"Coinbase Global, Inc."},"source_url":"https://seekingalpha.com/news/3681326-moffettnathanson-gives-coinbase-a-buy-rating-and-600-price-target-ahead-of-ipo","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1171091277","content_text":"MoffettNathanson initiated coverage of Coinbase Global (COIN) with a $600 one-year price target and a “Buy” rating on Tuesday, oneday before the cryptocurrency platform stages its eagerly anticipated Nasdaq direct listing.\n“We view Coinbase as a leading technology infrastructure provider for the cryptocurrency ecosystem, providing essential building blocks to facilitate the use of cryptocurrencies, including market-leading crypto storage and exchange capabilities,” MoffettNathanson wrote in a research note.\n“As the company describes it well, Coinbase provides an ‘on-ramp to the crypto economy’ enabling consumers, financial institutions, and businesses to easily and efficiently transition between fiat and cryptocurrencies, and securely store and use cryptocurrencies,” the firm added.\nCoinbase plans to go public Wednesday via a direct listing that could value the company at more than $100B.\nInvestors are trying to ascertain what the shares should sell for, as there will be none of the official offer pricing that underwriters would set with a traditional IPO.\nHowever, a Coinbase futures contract traded outside or the United States on German-based platform FTX was up 3.6% shortly after 9 a.m. ET at $610.405.\nEach contract represents 1/250-millionth of what traders believe Coinbase will have for a market capitalization. At that level, COIN would have a $152.6B valuation.\nThat said, FTX noted that it expects Coinbase to actually end Wednesday’s trading with 255M shares outstanding.\nDividing the $152.6B implied market cap by 255M shares estimates that futures traders believe COIN shares will be worth about $598.44 apiece.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":81,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":372938721,"gmtCreate":1619166734063,"gmtModify":1634288053368,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[流泪]&nbsp;","listText":"[流泪]&nbsp;","text":"[流泪]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/372938721","repostId":"1128911279","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":370,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":849928735,"gmtCreate":1635725605521,"gmtModify":1635725605636,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Treat 🎃&nbsp;or Trade 📈","listText":"Treat 🎃&nbsp;or Trade 📈","text":"Treat 🎃 or Trade 📈","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/849928735","repostId":"850756569","repostType":1,"repost":{"id":850756569,"gmtCreate":1634631211448,"gmtModify":1635853120757,"author":{"id":"36984908995200","authorId":"36984908995200","name":"小虎活动","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4f487d6799e86204e80dfde72e6040c0","crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"title":"[Halloween Game] Trade or Treat!","htmlText":"Hello, dear Tigers!&nbsp; Happy&nbsp;Halloween!&nbsp;🎃🎃🎃&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href=\"https://www.tigerbrokers.com.sg/activity/market/2021/halloween/?lang=en_US#/\" target=\"_blank\">Tap&nbsp;here&nbsp;to&nbsp;play the Halloween game,&nbsp;and&nbsp;you&nbsp;stand&nbsp;a&nbsp;chance&nbsp;to win various rewards!&nbsp;</a> Promotion Period: October 27, 2021 18:00 - November 9, 2021 18:00 (SGT) 1.&nbsp;How to Participate? All Tiger clients may collect points which can be used to redeem rewards by taking part in the Trade or Treating Game. All existing Tiger clients will have 2 game attempts. Clients can get more game attempts by completing different tasks, such as 'Invite a friend' or 'Share Halloween Game'.&nbsp; 2.&nbsp;How to collect points? Each player has 30 seconds to catch falling candies while av","listText":"Hello, dear Tigers!&nbsp; Happy&nbsp;Halloween!&nbsp;🎃🎃🎃&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href=\"https://www.tigerbrokers.com.sg/activity/market/2021/halloween/?lang=en_US#/\" target=\"_blank\">Tap&nbsp;here&nbsp;to&nbsp;play the Halloween game,&nbsp;and&nbsp;you&nbsp;stand&nbsp;a&nbsp;chance&nbsp;to win various rewards!&nbsp;</a> Promotion Period: October 27, 2021 18:00 - November 9, 2021 18:00 (SGT) 1.&nbsp;How to Participate? All Tiger clients may collect points which can be used to redeem rewards by taking part in the Trade or Treating Game. All existing Tiger clients will have 2 game attempts. Clients can get more game attempts by completing different tasks, such as 'Invite a friend' or 'Share Halloween Game'.&nbsp; 2.&nbsp;How to collect points? Each player has 30 seconds to catch falling candies while av","text":"Hello, dear Tigers! Happy Halloween! 🎃🎃🎃 Tap here to play the Halloween game, and you stand a chance to win various rewards! Promotion Period: October 27, 2021 18:00 - November 9, 2021 18:00 (SGT) 1. How to Participate? All Tiger clients may collect points which can be used to redeem rewards by taking part in the Trade or Treating Game. All existing Tiger clients will have 2 game attempts. Clients can get more game attempts by completing different tasks, such as 'Invite a friend' or 'Share Halloween Game'. 2. How to collect points? Each player has 30 seconds to catch falling candies while av","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":2,"essential":1,"paper":2,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/850756569","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":0,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":542,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":102402638,"gmtCreate":1620227847724,"gmtModify":1634206814452,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[惊吓]&nbsp;","listText":"[惊吓]&nbsp;","text":"[惊吓]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/102402638","repostId":"1148686352","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":444,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":371209832,"gmtCreate":1618934709626,"gmtModify":1634289756648,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[得意]&nbsp;","listText":"[得意]&nbsp;","text":"[得意]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/371209832","repostId":"1121126533","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":279,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":387642152,"gmtCreate":1613746877176,"gmtModify":1634552386251,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[丢脸]&nbsp;","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SNDL\">$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$</a>[丢脸]&nbsp;","text":"$Sundial Growers Inc.(SNDL)$[丢脸]","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e730b5130be78741c34f8d84687bb605","width":"1080","height":"1920"}],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/387642152","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":485,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":1,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":382617392,"gmtCreate":1613441019516,"gmtModify":1634553677679,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","listText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","text":"[微笑]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/382617392","repostId":"1185344045","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1185344045","pubTimestamp":1613440524,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1185344045?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-02-16 09:55","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Where the Real Stock Market Bubble Is","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1185344045","media":"Barrons","summary":"It is likely that the S&P 500 Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals indexis in a bubble at risk","content":"<p>It is likely that the&nbsp;S&amp;P 500 Technology Hardware, Storage &amp; Peripherals indexis in a bubble at risk of bursting.</p><p>That’s the conclusion I draw from a study by three Harvard University researchers: Robin Greenwood, a finance and banking professor who chairs the institution’s Behavioral Finance and Financial Stability project; Andrei Shleifer, an economics professor; and Yang You, a Ph.D. candidate. In their study,“Bubbles for Fama,”published in the January 2019 issue of the Journal of Financial Economics, they analyzed U.S. stock market history back to 1926 in search of ways&nbsp;to forecast a bubble that was about to burst.</p><p>Applying the formula the researchers derive, I calculate there is an 80% chance that the Technology Hardware, Storage &amp; Peripherals index will be 40% lower than today at some point in the next two years. Among some of the better-known firms in this industry are&nbsp;Apple(ticker: AAPL),Seagate Technology(STX), and&nbsp;Western Digital(WDC).</p><p>Though no other industries satisfy the researchers’ definition of a bubble, two others come close. They are also in the technology arena: Semiconductors and Semiconductor Equipment, and Software.</p><p>Why focus on an industry that may be in a bubble, rather than the market as a whole? Prof. Greenwood told<i>Barron’s</i>that he and his fellow researchers learned from their study of the history of bubbles that they “rarely are marketwide” events. Far more common, he said, is for a bubble to manifest in certain pockets of the market even as other sectors remain undervalued.</p><p>This was certainly the case at the top ofthe dot-com bubble, the mother of all bubbles. Greenwood reminds us that, even as dot-com stocks soared to outrageous valuations in the late 1990s and early 2000, other sectors of the market—notably value stocks—were either fairly valued or even undervalued. Some of those other sectors actually gained ground during the bear market that accompanied the bursting of the dot-com bubble stocks.</p><p>The researchers define a bubble to be any industry whose two-year return is at least 100 percentage points greater than the overall market’s. This is a high standard indeed—among all industries for which they had performance data between 1926 and 2016, just 40 satisfied the definition at any point over this 90-year period.</p><p>Not all bubbles burst, of course, and those that do don’t always burst right away. The researchers imposed a strict precondition here as well: Once an industry satisfied their definition of a bubble, they considered it to have burst if, within the subsequent two years, it lost at least 40% of its value. Of the 40 industries that satisfied the researchers’ definition of a bubble, 21—or 53%—burst.</p><p>What this means, assuming the future is like the past: There’s a slightly better than one out of two chance that any industry that outperforms the market by 100 percentage points in any two-year period will lose 40% or more over the subsequent two years.</p><p>The researchers also studied how the probabilities of a crash changed when they tightened or loosened their definition of a bubble. When they set the criterion to be just 50 percentage points ahead of the market, instead of 100, the odds of a crash fell to just 20%. When they tightened the criterion to 150 percentage points, the probabilities of a crash rose to 80%.</p><p>This latter probability is what applies to the Technology Hardware, Storage &amp; Peripherals index. Over the past two years, according to FactSet, it has outperformed the&nbsp;S&amp;P 500&nbsp;by 151 percentage points.</p><p>One is tempted to apply the professors’ formula to individual securities, as I myself have done in the past. In November 2017, for example, I used the formula to argue thatthe odds of Bitcoin crashingwere greater than 80%. It lost 67% over the next 12 months. I used the professors’ formulaonce again in February 2020to argue that the odds of&nbsp;Tesla(TSLA) crashing were 80%. The stock lost 59% over the next six weeks.</p><p>Since then, of course,TeslaandBitcoin have skyrocketed, as have any of a number of other highflying assets. Should I once again forecast that there is a high probability of their crashing, I asked Greenwood? He demurred, stressing that further research is needed into the various factors that affect the odds of an individual stock crashing.</p><p>Yet he added he believes that not only is the broad stock market overvalued, there are individual pockets of the market that are “incredibly frothy and bubbly.”</p>","source":"lsy1601382232898","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Where the Real Stock Market Bubble Is</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nWhere the Real Stock Market Bubble Is\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-02-16 09:55 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://www.barrons.com/articles/this-is-where-the-real-stock-market-bubble-is-51613388601?mod=hp_LEAD_1><strong>Barrons</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>It is likely that the S&P 500 Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals indexis in a bubble at risk of bursting.That’s the conclusion I draw from a study by three Harvard University researchers: ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.barrons.com/articles/this-is-where-the-real-stock-market-bubble-is-51613388601?mod=hp_LEAD_1\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{".SPX":"S&P 500 Index","STX":"希捷科技",".DJI":"道琼斯","TSLA":"特斯拉","WDC":"西部数据",".IXIC":"NASDAQ Composite","AAPL":"苹果"},"source_url":"https://www.barrons.com/articles/this-is-where-the-real-stock-market-bubble-is-51613388601?mod=hp_LEAD_1","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1185344045","content_text":"It is likely that the S&P 500 Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals indexis in a bubble at risk of bursting.That’s the conclusion I draw from a study by three Harvard University researchers: Robin Greenwood, a finance and banking professor who chairs the institution’s Behavioral Finance and Financial Stability project; Andrei Shleifer, an economics professor; and Yang You, a Ph.D. candidate. In their study,“Bubbles for Fama,”published in the January 2019 issue of the Journal of Financial Economics, they analyzed U.S. stock market history back to 1926 in search of ways to forecast a bubble that was about to burst.Applying the formula the researchers derive, I calculate there is an 80% chance that the Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals index will be 40% lower than today at some point in the next two years. Among some of the better-known firms in this industry are Apple(ticker: AAPL),Seagate Technology(STX), and Western Digital(WDC).Though no other industries satisfy the researchers’ definition of a bubble, two others come close. They are also in the technology arena: Semiconductors and Semiconductor Equipment, and Software.Why focus on an industry that may be in a bubble, rather than the market as a whole? Prof. Greenwood toldBarron’sthat he and his fellow researchers learned from their study of the history of bubbles that they “rarely are marketwide” events. Far more common, he said, is for a bubble to manifest in certain pockets of the market even as other sectors remain undervalued.This was certainly the case at the top ofthe dot-com bubble, the mother of all bubbles. Greenwood reminds us that, even as dot-com stocks soared to outrageous valuations in the late 1990s and early 2000, other sectors of the market—notably value stocks—were either fairly valued or even undervalued. Some of those other sectors actually gained ground during the bear market that accompanied the bursting of the dot-com bubble stocks.The researchers define a bubble to be any industry whose two-year return is at least 100 percentage points greater than the overall market’s. This is a high standard indeed—among all industries for which they had performance data between 1926 and 2016, just 40 satisfied the definition at any point over this 90-year period.Not all bubbles burst, of course, and those that do don’t always burst right away. The researchers imposed a strict precondition here as well: Once an industry satisfied their definition of a bubble, they considered it to have burst if, within the subsequent two years, it lost at least 40% of its value. Of the 40 industries that satisfied the researchers’ definition of a bubble, 21—or 53%—burst.What this means, assuming the future is like the past: There’s a slightly better than one out of two chance that any industry that outperforms the market by 100 percentage points in any two-year period will lose 40% or more over the subsequent two years.The researchers also studied how the probabilities of a crash changed when they tightened or loosened their definition of a bubble. When they set the criterion to be just 50 percentage points ahead of the market, instead of 100, the odds of a crash fell to just 20%. When they tightened the criterion to 150 percentage points, the probabilities of a crash rose to 80%.This latter probability is what applies to the Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals index. Over the past two years, according to FactSet, it has outperformed the S&P 500 by 151 percentage points.One is tempted to apply the professors’ formula to individual securities, as I myself have done in the past. In November 2017, for example, I used the formula to argue thatthe odds of Bitcoin crashingwere greater than 80%. It lost 67% over the next 12 months. I used the professors’ formulaonce again in February 2020to argue that the odds of Tesla(TSLA) crashing were 80%. The stock lost 59% over the next six weeks.Since then, of course,TeslaandBitcoin have skyrocketed, as have any of a number of other highflying assets. Should I once again forecast that there is a high probability of their crashing, I asked Greenwood? He demurred, stressing that further research is needed into the various factors that affect the odds of an individual stock crashing.Yet he added he believes that not only is the broad stock market overvalued, there are individual pockets of the market that are “incredibly frothy and bubbly.”","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":209,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":108477104,"gmtCreate":1620051837508,"gmtModify":1634208205539,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","listText":"[财迷]&nbsp;","text":"[财迷]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/108477104","repostId":"2132525597","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":730,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":103403289,"gmtCreate":1619797177741,"gmtModify":1634209838678,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[傲娇]&nbsp;","listText":"[傲娇]&nbsp;","text":"[傲娇]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/103403289","repostId":"1142063705","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":226,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":376694617,"gmtCreate":1619106981039,"gmtModify":1634288483028,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[捂脸]&nbsp;","listText":"[捂脸]&nbsp;","text":"[捂脸]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/376694617","repostId":"2129533898","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":420,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":370180651,"gmtCreate":1618562373373,"gmtModify":1634292065605,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"加油","listText":"加油","text":"加油","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/370180651","repostId":"1164339734","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":181,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":344592653,"gmtCreate":1618413637372,"gmtModify":1634293089020,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[强]&nbsp;","listText":"[强]&nbsp;","text":"[强]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/344592653","repostId":"1138811135","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1138811135","pubTimestamp":1618411981,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1138811135?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-04-14 22:53","market":"us","language":"en","title":"SpaceX adds to previous equity round, pushing Elon Musk’s last raise total to nearly $1.2 billion","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1138811135","media":"cnbc","summary":"KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securitie","content":"<div>\n<p>KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding to the $850 million ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n","source":"cnbc_highlight","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>SpaceX adds to previous equity round, pushing Elon Musk’s last raise total to nearly $1.2 billion</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nSpaceX adds to previous equity round, pushing Elon Musk’s last raise total to nearly $1.2 billion\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-04-14 22:53 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html><strong>cnbc</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding to the $850 million ...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/14/elon-musks-spacex-amends-february-equity-raise-to-nearly-1point2-billion.html","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/72bb72e1b84c09fca865c6dcb1bbcd16","article_id":"1138811135","content_text":"KEY POINTS\n\nElon Musk’s SpaceX added money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding to the $850 million that CNBC reported the company raised in February.\nThe amendment brings the round’s new total equity raised to $1.16 billion, which the company raised at a valuation of about $74 billion.\n\nElon Musk’sSpaceX added more money to its most recent equity raise, according to a securities filing on Wednesday.\nSpaceX held a second close of about $314 million, adding tothe $850 million that CNBC reportedthe company raised in February. The amendment brings the round’s new total equity raised to $1.16 billion, which the companyraised at a valuation of about $74 billion.\nStrong demand for the company’s shares centers aroundits ambitious Starship and Starlink projects.\nStarship is the next-generation rocket that Musk’s company is developing, designed to be more powerful than even the Saturn V rockets that carried astronauts to the moon.\nStarlink is a global satellite network, which SpaceX is beginning to use to bring high-speed internet to customers.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":21,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":386049227,"gmtCreate":1613120183069,"gmtModify":1634554459451,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"[开心]&nbsp;","listText":"[开心]&nbsp;","text":"[开心]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/386049227","repostId":"2110026963","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2110026963","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"Dow Jones publishes the world’s most trusted business news and financial information in a variety of media.","home_visible":0,"media_name":"Dow Jones","id":"106","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/150f88aa4d182df19190059f4a365e99"},"pubTimestamp":1613109422,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2110026963?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-02-12 13:57","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2110026963","media":"Dow Jones","summary":"The growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis. For most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon $$, electric-car maker Tesla $$, and e-commerce platform Shopify -- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.But when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer $$ and its partner BioNTech $$ had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something pro","content":"<p>MW Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house</p>\n<p>The growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis</p>\n<p>For most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AMZN\">$(AMZN)$</a>, electric-car maker Tesla <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">$(TSLA)$</a>, and e-commerce platform Shopify (SHOP.T)-- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.</p>\n<p>But when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">$(PFE)$</a> and its partner BioNTech <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BNTX\">$(BNTX)$</a> had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something profound happened in financial markets.</p>\n<p>Investors rotated out of these investments in favor of \"value\" stocks hammered by the COVID-19 pandemic, like airlines.</p>\n<p>This rotation was based on an essential concept in investing: There are some stocks that are clearly undervalued based on standard metrics.</p>\n<p>And it is completely flawed, according to research from ValuAnalysis, a London-based fund manager and equity investment boutique, which specializes in valuation.</p>\n<p>The apparent difference between growth stocks and value stocks is that the former is overvalued based on fundamental metrics while the latter is undervalued.</p>\n<p>\"Everyone knows that this thing doesn't make any sense because growth is not the opposite of value,\" Pascal Costantini, who led the research at ValuAnalysis, tells MarketWatch.</p>\n<p>\"It should be high-growth and low-growth, and I can imagine that, somewhere in an office, some guy said 'well this is not catchy enough, so how about growth and value?'\"</p>\n<p>Analysts and investors use metrics like the price-to-earnings ratio, or price multiple, to value stocks. ValuAnalysis uses price as a multiple of normalized net free cash flow as its benchmark, and identifies the imaginary dividing line between value and growth stocks at 35x, which is the market median.</p>\n<p>The value vs. growth divide would suggest that a company trading at a 17x earnings multiple is undervalued. In reality, ValuAnalysis says it is likely a company that won't grow.</p>\n<p>In reality, a stock's value is based on the company's ability to grow free cash flow in an environment where the cost of capital is 5% to 6%. So if a company isn't outpacing that by improving revenue and margins, the multiple won't increase and the stock price is unlikely to rise.</p>\n<p>Stocks that are actually undervalued will trade between 25x and 35x free cash flow, Costantini says, outpacing the cost of capital but not breaking past the market median.</p>\n<p>To have potential, a company's accumulation of assets or revenue growth must outpace increases in global gross domestic product, and ideally show signs of accelerating. There must also be an increase in operational leverage through revenue or margins. A decrease in the risk premium, such as through advances in controlling carbon emissions, helps.</p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; 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}\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nHere's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<div class=\"head\" \">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/150f88aa4d182df19190059f4a365e99);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">Dow Jones </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2021-02-12 13:57</p>\n</div>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>MW Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house</p>\n<p>The growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis</p>\n<p>For most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AMZN\">$(AMZN)$</a>, electric-car maker Tesla <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">$(TSLA)$</a>, and e-commerce platform Shopify (SHOP.T)-- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.</p>\n<p>But when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">$(PFE)$</a> and its partner BioNTech <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BNTX\">$(BNTX)$</a> had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something profound happened in financial markets.</p>\n<p>Investors rotated out of these investments in favor of \"value\" stocks hammered by the COVID-19 pandemic, like airlines.</p>\n<p>This rotation was based on an essential concept in investing: There are some stocks that are clearly undervalued based on standard metrics.</p>\n<p>And it is completely flawed, according to research from ValuAnalysis, a London-based fund manager and equity investment boutique, which specializes in valuation.</p>\n<p>The apparent difference between growth stocks and value stocks is that the former is overvalued based on fundamental metrics while the latter is undervalued.</p>\n<p>\"Everyone knows that this thing doesn't make any sense because growth is not the opposite of value,\" Pascal Costantini, who led the research at ValuAnalysis, tells MarketWatch.</p>\n<p>\"It should be high-growth and low-growth, and I can imagine that, somewhere in an office, some guy said 'well this is not catchy enough, so how about growth and value?'\"</p>\n<p>Analysts and investors use metrics like the price-to-earnings ratio, or price multiple, to value stocks. ValuAnalysis uses price as a multiple of normalized net free cash flow as its benchmark, and identifies the imaginary dividing line between value and growth stocks at 35x, which is the market median.</p>\n<p>The value vs. growth divide would suggest that a company trading at a 17x earnings multiple is undervalued. In reality, ValuAnalysis says it is likely a company that won't grow.</p>\n<p>In reality, a stock's value is based on the company's ability to grow free cash flow in an environment where the cost of capital is 5% to 6%. So if a company isn't outpacing that by improving revenue and margins, the multiple won't increase and the stock price is unlikely to rise.</p>\n<p>Stocks that are actually undervalued will trade between 25x and 35x free cash flow, Costantini says, outpacing the cost of capital but not breaking past the market median.</p>\n<p>To have potential, a company's accumulation of assets or revenue growth must outpace increases in global gross domestic product, and ideally show signs of accelerating. There must also be an increase in operational leverage through revenue or margins. A decrease in the risk premium, such as through advances in controlling carbon emissions, helps.</p>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/15e20574f8fb568333181d61bb200086","relate_stocks":{"PFE":"辉瑞","AMZN":"亚马逊","TSLA":"特斯拉"},"is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2110026963","content_text":"MW Here's the formula for spotting genuinely undervalued companies, claims this investment house\nThe growth stock vs. value stock dichotomy doesn't make sense, says ValuAnalysis\nFor most of 2020, investors poured money into names like online retailer Amazon $(AMZN)$, electric-car maker Tesla $(TSLA)$, and e-commerce platform Shopify (SHOP.T)-- \"growth\" stocks that kept indexes afloat in a turbulent year that hammered share prices across the board.\nBut when news broke in early November 2020 that drug company Pfizer $(PFE)$ and its partner BioNTech $(BNTX)$ had developed an effective vaccine against COVID-19, something profound happened in financial markets.\nInvestors rotated out of these investments in favor of \"value\" stocks hammered by the COVID-19 pandemic, like airlines.\nThis rotation was based on an essential concept in investing: There are some stocks that are clearly undervalued based on standard metrics.\nAnd it is completely flawed, according to research from ValuAnalysis, a London-based fund manager and equity investment boutique, which specializes in valuation.\nThe apparent difference between growth stocks and value stocks is that the former is overvalued based on fundamental metrics while the latter is undervalued.\n\"Everyone knows that this thing doesn't make any sense because growth is not the opposite of value,\" Pascal Costantini, who led the research at ValuAnalysis, tells MarketWatch.\n\"It should be high-growth and low-growth, and I can imagine that, somewhere in an office, some guy said 'well this is not catchy enough, so how about growth and value?'\"\nAnalysts and investors use metrics like the price-to-earnings ratio, or price multiple, to value stocks. ValuAnalysis uses price as a multiple of normalized net free cash flow as its benchmark, and identifies the imaginary dividing line between value and growth stocks at 35x, which is the market median.\nThe value vs. growth divide would suggest that a company trading at a 17x earnings multiple is undervalued. In reality, ValuAnalysis says it is likely a company that won't grow.\nIn reality, a stock's value is based on the company's ability to grow free cash flow in an environment where the cost of capital is 5% to 6%. So if a company isn't outpacing that by improving revenue and margins, the multiple won't increase and the stock price is unlikely to rise.\nStocks that are actually undervalued will trade between 25x and 35x free cash flow, Costantini says, outpacing the cost of capital but not breaking past the market median.\nTo have potential, a company's accumulation of assets or revenue growth must outpace increases in global gross domestic product, and ideally show signs of accelerating. There must also be an increase in operational leverage through revenue or margins. A decrease in the risk premium, such as through advances in controlling carbon emissions, helps.","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":207,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":691605428,"gmtCreate":1640178453507,"gmtModify":1640178468771,"author":{"id":"3562814548488083","authorId":"3562814548488083","name":"kcling","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b83ffb96491f63d7601f5310d812101d","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Market so red 📈","listText":"Market so red 📈","text":"Market so red 📈","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/691605428","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":581,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0}],"lives":[]}