双龙头格局稳定，车企自研Pack趋势显著

盖世汽车智能网联2025-03-11

2024年电池Pack市场呈现明显的双寡头竞争格局，弗迪电池与宁德时代合计占据55%以上的市场份额，装机量分别为3,831,657套和2,207,115套。弗迪电池凭借比亚迪集团内部的高度协同，为海豚、元PLUS、秦PLUS等热门车型提供Pack支持，同时覆盖腾势、小鹏、丰田等外部客户，形成“自研+外供”的双重优势。宁德时代则通过广泛的行业合作，为理想L6、极氪001、问界M7及小米SU7等多品牌...

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href=https://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/relnews/cn/2025-03-11/doc-inephwwi2471198.shtml><strong>盖世汽车智能网联</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>2024年电池Pack市场呈现明显的双寡头竞争格局，弗迪电池与宁德时代合计占据55%以上的市场份额，装机量分别为3,831,657套和2,207,115套。弗迪电池凭借比亚迪集团内部的高度协同，为海豚、元PLUS、秦PLUS等热门车型提供Pack支持，同时覆盖腾势、小鹏、丰田等外部客户，形成“自研+外供”的双重优势。宁德时代则通过广泛的行业合作，为理想L6、极氪001、问界M7及小米SU7等多品牌...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/relnews/cn/2025-03-11/doc-inephwwi2471198.shtml\">网页链接</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","isBrief":false,"type":0,"news_type":1,"symbol":"01211","symbol_name":"比亚迪股份","start_time":0,"source_url":"https://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/relnews/cn/2025-03-11/doc-inephwwi2471198.shtml","article_id":"2518748328","we_media_id":null,"thumbnails":[],"rights":null,"url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2518748328","pubTimestamp":1741693020,"columns":[],"sourceInfo":{"source_id":"sina","name":"sina"},"weMediaInfo":null,"summary":"总体来看，车企和电池企业共同构成Pack供应的核心力量，市场呈现“双极主导、多元并存”的竞争态势，技术能力、成本控制与供应链整合仍是企业突围的关键。车企自研Pack趋势显著。电池Pack能量密度和集成效率呈现稳步上升趋势。主流车企中电池Pack电芯材料使用情况呈现差异。当前车企正积极拓展高集成化方案，多样化集成趋势明显。总的来看，短期内Pack集成方案是主流，未来电池集成将向多样化发展。","collect":0,"end_time":0,"defaultTopTitle":"sina.com.cn","property":[],"viewcount":null,"language":"zh","relate_stocks":{"81211":"比亚迪股份-R","01211":"比亚迪股份","SG9999015978.USD":"利安颠覆性创新基金A","BK4574":"无人驾驶","BK4551":"寇图资本持仓","SG9999015952.SGD":"LIONGLOBAL 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3等自有车型，展现出垂直整合能力。国轩高科、中创新航则占据5.6%、3.5%的市场，分列第四、第五。前者聚焦五菱缤果、长安Lumin等经济型电动车，后者主攻长安UNI-Z、广汽埃安S等中端车型，分别通过差异化策略抢占市场。总体来看，车企和电池企业共同构成Pack供应的核心力量，市场呈现“双极主导、多元并存”的竞争态势，技术能力、成本控制与供应链整合仍是企业突围的关键。车企自研Pack趋势显著。主流车企中，除理想汽车完全依赖外购（宁德时代和欣旺达）供应外，其余企业均通过自研或“自研+外购”模式布局电池Pack技术。例如，宝马、大众、特斯拉等传统及新势力头部企业实现了100%自研，比亚迪和零跑汽车也凭借全自研模式占据技术制高点。部分车企选择混合策略：奔驰自研比例达73%，外购27%由孚能科技提供；通用通过上汽通用和捷新动力完成67%自研，其余33%依赖正力新能。这种策略既保留了技术主导权，又通过外部合作分散风险。自研比例的差异折射出车企技术能力与战略重心。新势力品牌中，小鹏汽车自研占比61%，展现出较强技术积累；而小米汽车因入局较晚，自研比例仅26%，主要依赖宁德时代（74%）。传统车企丰田自研比例较低（11%），更多通过弗迪电池补足需求，反映出其在电动化转型中的阶段性挑战。上汽自研比例8%、外购92%，广汽自研比例仅7%，外购达93%，凸显其对供应链的高度依赖。车企加码自研的核心动力在于降本增效与品牌壁垒构建。全自研企业如特斯拉和比亚迪，通过深度整合电池与整车设计，显著降低采购成本并实现技术独占性；混合模式车企则借助外部供应平衡研发投入与市场灵活性。电池Pack能量密度和集成效率呈现稳步上升趋势。2024年，在CTC/CTB等新型电池集成方案的推动下，纯电车型（BEV）的Pack平均集成效率从2022年的69.6%增长至71.0%，能量密度则在146.8-147.6Wh/kg间小幅波动，2024年微降至145.8Wh/kg。新型集成方案将电池与车身结构深度融合，不仅提升空间利用率，还降低了系统冗余，推动了集成效率突破70%门槛。插混车型（PHEV+REEV）受快充技术推动，能量密度从110.7Wh/kg跃升至2024年的123.5Wh/kg，集成效率也从59.1%提升至63.5%。插混车型的集成效率仍落后于纯电车型，反映出其电池包设计需兼顾内燃机与电驱动系统的复杂兼容需求，未来技术迭代或将进一步缩小差距。整体来看，电池Pack的技术进步正在为电动化车型的性能突破与成本优化提供关键支撑。电芯材料直接影响Pack能量密度，三元比例与Pack能量密度呈显著正相关。2024年，动力电池企业中，电池Pack平均能量密度随三元比例升高而依次提升，其中孚能科技的Pack平均能量密度达到161.5Wh/kg，三元比例99.6%。主流车企中电池Pack电芯材料使用情况呈现差异。理想汽车Pack电池三元比例67.3%，能量密度达168.5Wh/kg；问界三元比例96.1%，能量密度152.0Wh/kg，紧随其后。零跑电池Pack三元比例较低，铁锂占比92.7%，能量密度为135.3Wh/kg。比亚迪电池Pack铁锂占比100%，能量密度为122.2Wh/kg。可以看出，高三元比例车企（如理想、问界）聚焦高端市场，追求续航性能；铁锂主导车企（如比亚迪、零跑）则侧重成本控制与安全性，牺牲部分能量密度。当前电池集成方案仍以传统Pack形式为主导，2024年CMP（Cell Module Pack）和CTP（Cell to Pack）方案合计占比达95%，其中CMP以60%的份额占据绝对优势，CTP紧随其后占35%。这两种方案通过标准化模组或简化模组设计，平衡了生产效率与成本，成为车企短期内的首选。例如，比亚迪的CTP方案占比96%，吉利CTP方案占比55%，CMP占比38%，反映出主流车企对成熟技术的依赖。相比之下，高集成化方案如CTB（Cell to Body）、CTC（Cell to Chassis）、MTC（Module to Chassis）等仍处于早期阶段，合计占比在5%。当前车企正积极拓展高集成化方案，多样化集成趋势明显。2024年，比亚迪CTB方案占比3%，吉利CTB方案占比8%。新玩家小米汽车在CTB方案上的布局占比达100%，零跑则布局了CMP（23%）、CTP（39%）、MTC（20%）、CTC（19%）四种集成方案。小鹏也拓展了CMP、CTP、CTB集成方案。总的来看，短期内Pack集成方案是主流，未来电池集成将向多样化发展。\n\n\n\n海量资讯、精准解读，尽在新浪财经APP","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; 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