京东对即时零售再次出手

华尔街见闻09-19

作者 | 刘宝丹编辑 | 黄昱电商新旧势力激战正酣，作为传统电商巨头的京东正在反击的路上，刘强东的每一步棋都备受关注。9月18日，达达发布公告称，京东已完成购买沃尔玛子所持达达集团 8748.13万股普通股和187.5万股ADS（美国存托股份）。收购完成后，京东对达达的持股比例增加至63.2%。继上月公布将转让全部京东股份后，沃尔玛也开始清仓同为京东系的达达。这次转让之前，沃尔玛是达达的重要股东。...

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8748.13万股普通股和187.5万股ADS（美国存托股份）。收购完成后，京东对达达的持股比例增加至63.2%。继上月公布将转让全部京东股份后，沃尔玛也开始清仓同为京东系的达达。这次转让之前，沃尔玛是达达的重要股东。根据同花顺iFinD数据，截至2024年3月31日，京东和沃尔玛分别持有达达56224.32万股和9498.13万股，持股比例分别为53.10%和9.00%。随着这次收购完成，京东将成为达达唯一有重要影响力的控股股东。作为“即时零售第一股”，达达的核心业务是即时配送和即时零售，京东此次增持也意味着，公司将加大对即时零售业务的投入和布局。对于此次增持，京东内部人士表示，此举显示出京东对达达的长期稳健发展始终具有充足的信心，也反映出对达达未来前景的看好和认可，对达达在京东生态内所处地位的重视，以及对进一步深化双方战略伙伴关系的期待。实际上，达达的发展史，就是一部京东对即时零售的投资史。达达集团成立于2014年，初期投资方包括红杉中国、DST Global、景林投资、昆仑万维等。两年后，京东到家与达达合并为达达集团；2018年，达达完成一轮5亿美元融资，投资方为京东和沃尔玛。2020年，达达在纳斯达克上市，成为“即时零售第一股”，根据达达披露的数据，彼时京东持股47.90%；2021年，京东增持达达，京东持股超过50%，首次成为控股股东；直到这次增持，京东对达达的投入力度不断增加。资本投资背后，是京东即时零售业务的快速发展。2015 年，京东到家正式上线，开始为消费者提供超市、生鲜果蔬、医药健康等商品的配送到家服务。此后，达达先后与沃尔玛、华润万家等达成战略合作，将重心放在线下实体门店。成为控股股东后，京东的即时零售业务迎来加速发展。2021年，京东到家开启全品类发展，手机3C、美妆、宠物、服饰等稳步开拓。同年，京东携手达达发布即时零售品牌“小时购”。2023年，京东召开即时零售三公里模式发布会，发布面向未来的“五年行动计划”。时任京东零售CEO辛利军在会上表示，即时零售是京东提供更‘多快好省’消费体验的重要一环，也是应对外部挑战、实现稳健增长的重要一环。年初，京东零售集团定下了 2024 年的三大方向，也就是“三大必赢之战”，除了内容生态和开放生态，即时零售依然是重头戏。5月，京东到家、京东小时达全新升级为“京东秒送”，最快9分钟送到手。当前，电商行业正在进行大洗牌，行业竞争在低价维度上持续内卷，作为局中人的京东亟需找到新的突破点，即时零售成为京东最看重的赛道之一。根据商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院发布的《即时零售行业发展报告（2023）》，2018年以来，即时零售行业的年均增长速度超过50%。该机构预计，到2026年，即时零售的年增长率仍然可能高达47.1%，远高于电商大盘的增速。不过，对京东来说，要想成功在即时零售赛道抢下一城，目前还面临盈利模式和行业竞争两方面挑战。根据财报，2024财年Q2季度，达达实现收入23.5亿元，同比呈下滑态势，其中，京东秒送业务营收9.1亿元，同比大幅下滑43.6%，达达秒送业务营收14.4亿元，同比增长46.6%，整体来看，达达二季度净利润亏损约2.86亿元。竞争方面，即时零售已成兵家必争之地，今年以来，美团、淘宝、抖音等都加大投入力度。以美团为例，截至今年二季度，自营即时零售业务小象超市开设超过 680 个前置仓，绝大部分位于一线城市。可以确定的是，随着京东持续推进即时零售战略，即时零售赛道或将迎来新一轮改变。属于京东的时代还能否重新回来，需要在时间中验证，但达达所代表的即时零售会是一个巨大的机会，京东的新副本开启了。风险提示及免责条款\n\n            市场有风险，投资需谨慎。本文不构成个人投资建议，也未考虑到个别用户特殊的投资目标、财务状况或需要。用户应考虑本文中的任何意见、观点或结论是否符合其特定状况。据此投资，责任自负。","kind":null,"is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"1","news_tag":"Shareholding 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