基于BOLT框架构建有可重用组件和可定制逻辑的井字棋

MetaCat04-17

作者：Magicblock；来源：MetaCat本文展示了一个使用 Bolt 引擎的实体组件系统 (ECS) 开发的简单游戏示例，它促进了组件的可重用性，并使用户能够修改和扩展游戏的逻辑。该框架通过抽象帐户空间（Account Space）和程序派生地址 (Program Derived Addresses)等底层概念，显著简化了基于 Solana 的开发。要与基于 Anchor 的程序进行比较，...

网页链接

免责声明：本文观点仅代表作者个人观点，不构成本平台的投资建议，本平台不对文章信息准确性、完整性和及时性做出任何保证，亦不对因使用或信赖文章信息引发的任何损失承担责任。

精彩评论

我们需要你的真知灼见来填补这片空白

发表看法

{"i18n":{"language":"zh_CN"},"isChannel":false,"data":{"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2428748363?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/data:image/png;base64,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?op=imageView2&mode=2&width=256&height=256&quality=70&format=png","is_english":false,"pubTime":"2024-04-17 13:59","share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","id":"2428748363","market":"other","top_or_hot":-1,"title":"基于BOLT框架构建有可重用组件和可定制逻辑的井字棋","media":"MetaCat","content":"<div>\n<p>作者：Magicblock；来源：MetaCat本文展示了一个使用 Bolt 引擎的实体组件系统 (ECS) 开发的简单游戏示例，它促进了组件的可重用性，并使用户能够修改和扩展游戏的逻辑。该框架通过抽象帐户空间（Account Space）和程序派生地址 (Program Derived Addresses)等底层概念，显著简化了基于 Solana 的开发。要与基于 Anchor 的程序进行比较，...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.jinse.cn/blockchain/3681810.html\">网页链接</a>\n\n</div>\n","source":"jinse_stock","html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>基于BOLT框架构建有可重用组件和可定制逻辑的井字棋</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n基于BOLT框架构建有可重用组件和可定制逻辑的井字棋\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2024-04-17 13:59 北京时间&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://www.jinse.cn/blockchain/3681810.html><strong>MetaCat</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>作者：Magicblock；来源：MetaCat本文展示了一个使用 Bolt 引擎的实体组件系统 (ECS) 开发的简单游戏示例，它促进了组件的可重用性，并使用户能够修改和扩展游戏的逻辑。该框架通过抽象帐户空间（Account Space）和程序派生地址 (Program Derived Addresses)等底层概念，显著简化了基于 Solana 的开发。要与基于 Anchor 的程序进行比较，...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.jinse.cn/blockchain/3681810.html\">网页链接</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","isBrief":false,"type":0,"news_type":1,"symbol":"BK4139","symbol_name":"生物科技","start_time":0,"source_url":"https://www.jinse.cn/blockchain/3681810.html","article_id":"2428748363","we_media_id":null,"thumbnails":["https://static.tigerbbs.com/data:image/png;base64,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?op=imageView2&mode=2&width=256&height=256&quality=70&format=png"],"rights":{"source":"jinse_stock","url":"https://www.jinse.cn/blockchain/3681810.html","rn_cache_url":null,"directOrigin":true},"url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2428748363","pubTimestamp":1713333574,"sourceInfo":{"source_id":"jinse_stock","name":"金色财经"},"weMediaInfo":null,"summary":"除了抽象 Solana 和重用链上逻辑之外，我们对 BOLT 将为用户生成的逻辑和 mod 引入带来的可能性感到兴奋。","collect":0,"end_time":0,"defaultTopTitle":"jinse.cn","property":[],"viewcount":null,"language":"zh","relate_stocks":{"BK4139":"生物科技","BOLT":"Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc."},"translate_title":"Constructing Tic-tac-toe with Reusable Components and Customizable Logic Based on BOLT Framework","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"BOLT":1},"content_text":"作者：Magicblock；来源：MetaCat本文展示了一个使用 Bolt 引擎的实体组件系统 (ECS) 开发的简单游戏示例，它促进了组件的可重用性，并使用户能够修改和扩展游戏的逻辑。该框架通过抽象帐户空间（Account Space）和程序派生地址 (Program Derived Addresses)等底层概念，显著简化了基于 Solana 的开发。要与基于 Anchor 的程序进行比较，请参阅本教程?https://book.anchor-lang.com/anchor_in_depth/milestone_project_tic-tac-toe.html有关 Bolt 的更详细说明，请参阅公告博文?https://blog.magicblock.gg/bolt-v0.1/开发井字棋本文第一部分详细介绍如何使用 Bolt 框架实现游戏逻辑。第二部分解释从开源井字棋实现开始，如何将基于 React 的客户端与程序集成。该示例的完整源代码可在此处获取?https://github.com/magicblock-labs/bolt-tic-tac-toe游戏逻辑：使用 Bolt ECS 实现井字棋首先，安装 bolt-cli：npm install @magicblock-labs/bolt-cli安装后，使用以下命令创建新项目：bolt init tic-tac-toe创建组件（Component）我们需要定义所需的数据结构。为简单起见，我们将创建两个组件：一个包含活跃玩家，另一个包含网格信息。使用以下命令创建新组件：bolt component players此命令在 program-ecs/components 下创建一个players 组件。保存两个玩家的公钥的玩家组件可以定义如下：use bolt_lang::*;declare_id!(\"5Xz6iiE2FZdpqrvCKbGqDajNYt1tP8cRGXrq3THSFo1q\");#[component]#[derive(Default)]pub struct Players {    pub players: [Option<Pubkey>; 2],}第二个组件包含网格信息。使用如下命令创建它：bolt component grid网格组件可以定义为：use bolt_lang::*;declare_id!(\"rdiVoU6KomhXBDMLi6UXVHvmjEUtKqb5iDCWChxMzZ7\");#[component]pub struct Grid {    pub board: [[Option<Sign>; 3]; 3],    pub state: GameState,    pub is_first_player_turn: bool,}#[component_deserialize]#[derive(PartialEq)]pub enum GameState {    Active,    Tie,    Won { winner: Pubkey },}#[component_deserialize]#[derive(PartialEq)]pub enum Sign {    X,    O,}impl Sign {    pub fn from_usize(value: usize) -> Sign {        match value {            0 => Sign::X,            _ => Sign::O,        }    }}impl Default for Grid {    fn default() -> Self {        Self::new(GridInit{            board: [[None; 3]; 3],            state: GameState::Active,            is_first_player_turn: true,        })    }}创建系统（Systems）系统以模块化方式实现游戏逻辑。它们对一组输入组件进行操作，并且可以执行任何计算。系统在你的世界实例中执行，并遵守审批策略，例如，一个世界可以允许任何人提交新系统，而另一个世界可能需要白名单方或 DAO 的批准。我们构建的第一个系统将允许玩家加入比赛：bolt system join-game将逻辑（在 program-ecs/systems/join-game.rs 中）修改为：#[system]pub mod join_game {    pub fn execute(ctx: Context<Components>, _args_p: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Components> {        let players = &mut ctx.accounts.players.players;        let idx = match players.iter_mut().position(|player| player.is_none()) {            Some(player_index) => player_index,            None => return Err(PlayersError::GameFull.into()),        };        ctx.accounts.players.players[idx] = Some(*ctx.accounts.authority.key);        Ok(ctx.accounts)    }    #[system_input]    pub struct Components {        pub players: Players,    }}第二个系统实现了游戏的核心逻辑：1. 创建一个玩游戏系统： bolt system play2. 实现逻辑：use bolt_lang::*;use grid::Grid;use players::Players;declare_id!(\"DyUy1naq1kb3r7HYBrTf7YhnGMJ5k5NqS3Mhk65GfSih\");#[system]pub mod play {    pub fn execute(ctx: Context<Components>, args: Args) -> Result<Components> {        let grid = &mut ctx.accounts.grid;        let players = &mut ctx.accounts.players;        let authority = *ctx.accounts.authority.key;        require!(players.players[0] == Some(authority) || players.players[1] == Some(authority), TicTacToeError::NotInGame);        require!(grid.state == grid::GameState::Active, TicTacToeError::NotActive);        let player_idx : usize = if players.players[0] == Some(authority) { 0 } else { 1 };        require!(grid.is_first_player_turn == (player_idx == 0), TicTacToeError::NotPlayersTurn);        // Core game logic        match args {            tile @ Args {                row: 0..=2,                column: 0..=2,            } => match grid.board[tile.row as usize][tile.column as usize] {                Some(_) => return Err(TicTacToeError::TileAlreadySet.into()),                None => {                    grid.board[tile.row as usize][tile.column as usize] =                        Some(grid::Sign::from_usize(player_idx));                }            },            _ => return Err(TicTacToeError::TileOutOfBounds.into()),        }        grid.is_first_player_turn = !grid.is_first_player_turn;        check_winner(grid, authority);        Ok(ctx.accounts)    }    #[system_input]    pub struct Components {        pub grid: Grid,        pub players: Players,    }    #[arguments]    struct Args {        row: u8,        column: u8,    }}pub fn check_winner(grid: &mut Account<Grid>, player: Pubkey) {    ...}有关详细信息，请参阅完整源代码?https://github.com/magicblock-labs/bolt-tic-tac-toe/blob/main/programs-ecs/systems/play/src/lib.rs正如你所注意到的，实现非常简单。标记的结构体 system_input 定义了可以在 execute 函数中访问和使用的组件输入包。标记为的结构体 arguments 定义你的系统可以作为输入接收的参数。构建并测试程序使用以下命令构建程序：bolt build此命令编译程序并自动生成 IDL 和 TypeScript 类型以进行客户端集成。设置组件和执行系统的过程涉及以下步骤：实例化一个世界。创建与之匹配实体。将玩家和网格组件附加到该匹配实体。执行系统以促进游戏玩法。Tic-Tac-Toe 游戏的 TypeScript 测试可以在这里找到?连接 React 客户端连接 React 客户端非常简单，这要归功于类型的动态检索和生成以及 Bolt TypeScript SDK 提供的实用函数。添加依赖项：yarn add -D @magicblock-labs/bolt-sdk例如，要执行一个系统：// Componentsconst GRID_COMPONENT = new PublicKey(\"rdiVoU6KomhXBDMLi6UXVHvmjEUtKqb5iDCWChxMzZ7\");const PLAYERS_COMPONENT = new PublicKey(\"5Xz6iiE2FZdpqrvCKbGqDajNYt1tP8cRGXrq3THSFo1q\");// Systemsconst JOIN_GAME = new PublicKey(\"2umhnxiCtmg5KTn4L9BLo24uLjb74gAh4tmpMLRKYndN\");const PLAY = new PublicKey(\"DyUy1naq1kb3r7HYBrTf7YhnGMJ5k5NqS3Mhk65GfSih\");const applySystem = await ApplySystem({    authority: publicKey,    system: JOIN_GAME,    entity,    components: [PLAYERS_COMPONENT],});const transaction = applySystem.transaction;const signature = await submitTransaction(transaction);在这里找到用 React 制作的简单井字棋 UI?https://github.com/magicblock-labs/bolt-tic-tac-toe/tree/main/app/react-tic-tac-toe需要强调的一个重要方面是：执行系统和实例化组件仅需要 ID。这意味着可以动态创建和利用新的逻辑和数据结构，从而能够开发模组并更改游戏的行为。结论我们已经演练了使用 Bolt ECS 的井字棋游戏的简单实现，演示了如何将其连接到 React UI。这凸显了该框架的简单性和灵活性。除了抽象 Solana 和重用链上逻辑之外，我们对 BOLT 将为用户生成的逻辑和 mod 引入带来的可能性感到兴奋。在后续示例中，我们将展示游戏开发人员如何独立且无需许可地扩展游戏逻辑，以及如何使用临时汇总（Ephemeral Rollups）实现低延迟/高吞吐量交易。","kind":null,"is_publish_news":null,"is_publish_highlight":null,"is_publish_live":null,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","isDev":false,"isTTM":false,"deviceId":"web-server-community-laohu8-v3","version":"4.22.5","shortVersion":"4.22.5","platform":"web","vendor":"web","appName":"laohu8","isIOS":false,"isAndroid":false,"isTiger":false,"isTHS":false,"isWeiXin":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"isWeiBo":false,"isQQ":false,"isBaiduSwan":false,"isBaiduBox":false,"isDingTalk":false,"isToutiao":false,"isOnePlus":false,"isHuaWei":false,"isXiaomi":false,"isXiaomiWebView":false,"isOppo":false,"isVivo":false,"isSamsung":false,"isMobile":false},"href":"/m/news/2428748363"}