英特尔锐炫会动谁的蛋糕？

DoNews2021-09-29

2021年8月份，英特尔架构日活动中，英特尔正式对外公布了锐炫(Intel Arc)系列独立显卡，基于Xe HPG架构，由台积电N6制程工艺代工生产，支持DX12 Ultimate、硬件光线追踪、XeSS AI超采样等先进技术。将于2022年的CES展会后正式发布。根据英特尔的官方路线图显示，锐炫(Intel Arc)系列独立显卡的开发代号为Alchemist，后续还有Battlemage、...

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李欧8886
2021-09-30
李欧8886
👍
Youn7276
2021-09-30
Youn7276
阅
moon88
2021-09-30
moon88
赞
moon88
2021-09-30
moon88
？
yoyo6969
2021-09-30
yoyo6969
[微笑]
- yoyo6969:
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zh2021
2021-09-29
zh2021
[疑问]

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3D的技术，这家公司当时被军火厂商洛克希德马丁控股，3D技术是给军用模拟现实的。这就是英特尔的第一代独立显卡i740。\n当年的显卡号称6个月淘汰一代，与现在2年一代的节奏差距巨大。英特尔根本跟不上节奏，独立显卡只做了一代就不做了。\n这个i740后来被集成到主板的810芯片组，变成i752，英特尔也就在独立显卡市场销声匿迹了。\n因为，除了游戏之外，大多数电脑没有3D性能的需求，所以英特尔把这个市场放给nVIDIA和AMD，但是把芯片组市场牢牢把握。用集成显卡事实占据了大量市场份额。\n英特尔的第二次尝试\n这个局面持续了几年，一直到nVIDIA在3D显卡上发展出通用计算。\n当时，在PS3上，IBM和索尼合作，搞了异构处理器。把CPU和简单计算的算力单元分开，以编程难度为代价提升性能。\n这个思路到了GPU上，nVIDIA直接让GPU去做通用计算，进入高性能计算市场。\n这就动了英特尔的奶酪，英特尔随机第二次进军显卡。这次是以高性能计算为目标，兼顾3D显卡应用。\n英特尔的Larrabee堆了奔腾处理器核心，原本是做显卡用了的，后来发现性能没啥优势，就做加速计算卡了，所谓众核架构。\n英特尔在这上面推出过几代产品，中国的超级计算机天河也用过英特尔众核架构的产品。\n但是，这个时候nVIDIA推出的CUDA已经非常流行，nVIDIA可以一块芯片多用，做GPU，做通用计算都行。成本好控制，英特尔则是专用的芯片，而且高性能计算市场极小，成本很高。\n这样，英特尔无法与nVIDIA竞争，所以很快就放弃了，这是英特尔的第二次尝试。\n人工智能的威胁\n本来高性能计算市场是一个小众市场，英特尔竞争不过也就罢了。但是最近几年人工智能崛起了。人工智能也是一个需要大量算力的需求，人工智能的崛起，带来了nVIDIA的春天，这个市场比高性能计算更大，而英特尔的高性能处理器，只能做控制节点用。\n一个高性能计算单元，两个英特尔的CPU，8块nVIDIA的计算卡，英特尔被边缘化了。而且英特尔这个控制器，换AMD也行，nVIDIA用ARM处理器也行。\n这样一来，英特尔必须做显卡了。只有做显卡，才能平摊芯片设计和制造成本，在高性能计算上与nVIDAI竞争。\n所以，英特尔开始第三次做显卡，这就是锐炫。英特尔希望，自己的显卡有量，能拉低成本，让自己的计算卡与nVIDIA竞争。不被边缘化。\n是人工智能的崛起，让英特尔第三次尝试做显卡。\n锐炫能成功吗?\n从目前的数据看，在性能上，英特尔还不如nVIDA，可能会落后一代。\n但是英特尔的优势在于能集成。\n英特尔只需要选出甜点的位置。一个是1060，1070这个位置，目标是1080p下面，能要xbox one x，ps4pro上跨平台的游戏。这个性能作为中端产品去集成。\n还有一个是3060，2080这个位置，对应的是PS5上的跨平台游戏，能上4k分辨率。这个集成到高端产品。\n产品可以游戏本为主，加强散热与功耗。做成台式机替代的游戏本，也可以做成NUC，外接显示器或者大屏幕电视。但是英特尔不给用户插显卡的机会，用户买了nVIDIA和AMD显卡没有地方插。\n作为后来者，英特尔一定要开放，用户算AI，挖矿，算双精度浮点都行。整机可以卖便宜点，单独的CPU可以卖贵点，让游戏用户尽可能选英特尔的一体化方案。\n这样普及化，英特尔的GPU成本可以降低。英特尔又有攒芯片的技术，可以把几个小核心攒成大的，互联性能损失不太大。利用成本优势，造独立大显卡，给用户挖矿，算AI，科学计算跑超算。这样同等算力，英特尔会比NVIDIA便宜。\nGPU性能不断进步，但是PC游戏盗版严重，主流游戏厂商要靠游戏机市场活着，不能让游戏机跑不动新游戏。\n所以与游戏机性能类似的显卡，可以玩很长时间的跨平台游戏。英特尔只要把握住节点，用集成和廉价去竞争，是很有机会，在GPU市场战胜nVIDIA和AMD的。\n而GPU市场规模上去，计算卡也就便宜了，英特尔也会撼动nVIDIA的通用计算的市场。","kind":"highlight","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1},"commentList":[{"id":865320193,"gmtCreate":1632955705671,"gmtModify":1632955705797,"author":{"id":"4091536494292900","authorId":"4091536494292900","name":"李欧8886","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b9a7ca0f1e442bd3dc4abce395877cd3","vip":1,"crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"4091536494292900","authorIdStr":"4091536494292900"},"htmlText":"👍","listText":"👍","text":"👍","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/865320193","repostId":2171812719,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"langContent":"CN"},{"id":865332823,"gmtCreate":1632951264797,"gmtModify":1632951302696,"author":{"id":"3577393549070429","authorId":"3577393549070429","name":"Youn7276","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/487c5c26a5e210d6b88adaeaba12329b","vip":1,"crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3577393549070429","authorIdStr":"3577393549070429"},"htmlText":"阅","listText":"阅","text":"阅","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/865332823","repostId":2171812719,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"langContent":"CN"},{"id":865946054,"gmtCreate":1632936873594,"gmtModify":1632936944526,"author":{"id":"3584652354468235","authorId":"3584652354468235","name":"moon88","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1fd191b51024ac1ae2bdcf80d743ab78","vip":1,"crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3584652354468235","authorIdStr":"3584652354468235"},"htmlText":"赞","listText":"赞","text":"赞","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/865946054","repostId":2171812719,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"langContent":"CN"},{"id":865948192,"gmtCreate":1632936745778,"gmtModify":1632936745882,"author":{"id":"3584652354468235","authorId":"3584652354468235","name":"moon88","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1fd191b51024ac1ae2bdcf80d743ab78","vip":1,"crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3584652354468235","authorIdStr":"3584652354468235"},"htmlText":"？","listText":"？","text":"？","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/865948192","repostId":2171812719,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"langContent":"CN"},{"id":865925122,"gmtCreate":1632933046270,"gmtModify":1632933046440,"author":{"id":"3578352381862815","authorId":"3578352381862815","name":"yoyo6969","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","vip":1,"crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3578352381862815","authorIdStr":"3578352381862815"},"htmlText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","listText":"[微笑]&nbsp;","text":"[微笑]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/865925122","repostId":2171812719,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"comments":[{"id":6040387,"gmtCreate":1632933052695,"gmtModify":1634726414106,"authorId":3578352381862815,"author":{"id":3578352381862815,"idStr":"3578352381862815","authorId":3578352381862815,"name":"yoyo6969","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","vip":1,"crmLevel":4,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[]},"repliedAuthorId":0,"objectId":865925122,"type":1,"supId":0,"prevId":0,"content":"[微笑]","text":"[微笑]","html":"[微笑]"}],"langContent":"CN"},{"id":865969196,"gmtCreate":1632931010539,"gmtModify":1632931010908,"author":{"id":"3574387078391491","authorId":"3574387078391491","name":"zh2021","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c227b611b9691752cedc6b263256bae1","vip":1,"crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3574387078391491","authorIdStr":"3574387078391491"},"htmlText":"[疑问]&nbsp;","listText":"[疑问]&nbsp;","text":"[疑问]","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link"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