霍华德·马克斯最新备忘录：经济将渐进式复苏

远川投资评论2020-04-15

作者：陈若焱 4月14日，橡树资本霍华德·马克斯（Howard Marks）更新了他的投资备忘录，题目为“Knowledge of the Future”（对未来的认知）。 Howard Marks 这次备忘录重点阐述了马克斯对美国经济和美联储刺激政策的看法。他表示，目前最大的不确定性之一是经济前景。而最棘手的问题是要在疫情防控和重启经济之间做出取舍。他认为，经济的复苏很可能是渐进的。对于...

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免责声明：本文观点仅代表作者个人观点，不构成本平台的投资建议，本平台不对文章信息准确性、完整性和及时性做出任何保证，亦不对因使用或信赖文章信息引发的任何损失承担责任。

精彩评论

REDmaj
2020-04-16
REDmaj
说说你对这篇新闻的看法...
- 社区成长助手:
  终于等到了您的初发帖[比心][比心]发帖时关联相关股票或者相关话题，可以获得更多曝光哦～如果您想创作优质文章，请查看老虎社区创作指引
曹相印
2020-04-16
曹相印
讲的太好了
醉翁之意
2020-04-16
醉翁之意
这标题。。。小编鸡腿没了。人家强调不确定性。。
- 社区成长助手:
  终于等到了您的初发帖[比心][比心]发帖时关联相关股票或者相关话题，可以获得更多曝光哦～如果您想创作优质文章，请查看老虎社区创作指引
佛系1413
2020-04-16
佛系1413
资本家和政治家观点还是有别的
曹操大表哥
2020-04-15
曹操大表哥
运动运动
- 社区成长助手:
  终于等到了您的初发帖[比心][比心]发帖时关联相关股票或者相关话题，可以获得更多曝光哦～如果您想创作优质文章，请查看老虎社区创作指引
天虎
2020-04-15
天虎
不要与联储作对

发表看法

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Marks\n这次备忘录重点阐述了马克斯对美国经济和美联储刺激政策的看法。他表示，目前最大的不确定性之一是经济前景。而最棘手的问题是要在疫情防控和重启经济之间做出取舍。他认为，经济的复苏很可能是渐进的。\n对于美联储、财政部的一些刺激政策，马克斯的看法依然偏谨慎，但相比之前有所缓和。最新备忘录核心观点如下：\n01\n美国正遭受着什么？\n马克斯在备忘录中列举了美国目前的状况：\n1）自102年前西班牙流感以来最严重的流行病正在爆发；\n2）自80年前大萧条以来最大的经济收缩；\n3）欧佩克时代（甚至可能有史以来）的最大油价下跌；\n4）有史以来最大的央行、政府干预。\n他表示，如果遇到以前从未见过的事情，根本无法推断结果会如何。所以，上述事情未来如何发展，显然是难以预料的。我们根本不可能知道，它们在未来一段时间内将如何运作，如何相互影响以及对其他事物的影响。\n不过，我们必须有充分的理由相信过去可以推论未来，至少以史为鉴好于完全忽略它们。所以，我们过去研究典型周期，例外管理原则以及诸如大多数涨势中的上下波动模式等细节。\n马克斯认为，我们可能无法知道未来，但这并不能阻止我们得出关于未来的结论并坚定地坚持下去。\n02\n经济将渐进式复苏\n马克斯表示，如今面临的最大不确定性之一是经济前景。乐观主义者预计会出现V形复苏，这是否会实现，取决于美国何时复工，而这很大程度上取决于疫情发展的趋势。\n目前最棘手的问题之一，仍然是在如何减少疫情死亡人数和经济复苏之间做出取舍。换句话说，人们待在家里的时间越长，可以越早控制疾病，但与此同时对经济的损害也越大，经济复苏就越困难。\n如何选择？没有两全其美的办法。马克斯借用了著名投资者爱德华·兰伯特（Edward Lampert）在《纽约日报》上关于汽车驾驶的比喻，来说明自己的看法。\n德华·兰伯特表示，驾驶汽车是有风险的。2018年驾车死亡人数达3.7万人，但是，我们并没有限制汽车使用，也没有实施限速等措施。原因是汽车的好处超过了成本。对比目前的情况，美国需要迅速复工，而企业和个人可以动态地适应，在利益和风险之间进行权衡。\n据此，马克斯认为，经济的复苏可能是渐进式的，在疫苗完善或获得群体免疫之前，美国经济可能会经历进退交替时期。\n03\n美联储潜在工具包范围巨大\n对于美联储一些列救市举措，马克斯的观点依然偏谨慎。\n他表示，一个月前，自己还担心联储库的规模有限，因为当时利率仅为1.5%，而过去大多数时候降息计划都达到了500个基点。如今，我们看到了美联储潜在工具包的巨大范围。\n在马克斯看来，由于美联储对疫情冲击做出迅速而明显的反应，市场悲观预期似乎得到快速扭转。现在很少听到有关全球经济萧条的话题，很多讨论围绕2021年或者2022年GDP将超过2019年。大家不想讨论萧条，而是想知道政府各种行动的适当性和长期影响。\n不过，马克斯对此也提出了一大堆质疑。例如，无限量QE真的是无限的吗？迄今为止已宣布的刺激、贷款、救助、福利和债券购买总计达数万亿美元，由此产生的联邦赤字和美联储资产负债表的增加意味着什么？经济如何反弹，以什么速度反弹？会不会带来负面影响？……\n这些问题目前似乎都没有答案。\n最后，马克斯还特意谈到最近美股的反弹。在疫情导致的死亡人数还在继续上升、失业人数急剧上升、GDP将出现历史性下降的情况下，市场为何还能出现如此强劲的上涨呢？原因大概是美联储干预措施提振了投资者信心，给了市场向好的预期。\n他引用了一句老话，“不要与美联储作对”。显然，对于过去市场反弹中通常会出现的紧缩措施，大家现在并不担心。他表示，市场似乎已经对未来做出了判断。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":false,"is_publish_highlight":true,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1},"commentList":[{"id":926103953,"gmtCreate":1587019464872,"gmtModify":1704362917404,"author":{"id":"3496560637425862","authorId":"3496560637425862","name":"REDmaj","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","vip":1,"crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"idStr":"3496560637425862","authorIdStr":"3496560637425862"},"htmlText":"说说你对这篇新闻的看法...","listText":"说说你对这篇新闻的看法...","text":"说说你对这篇新闻的看法...","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/926103953","repostId":1187472743,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"comments":[{"id":2344150,"gmtCreate":1587019689616,"gmtModify":1587019689616,"authorId":3527667803686145,"author":{"id":3527667803686145,"idStr":"3527667803686145","authorId":3527667803686145,"name":"社区成长助手","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2b7c7106b5c0c8b0037faa67439d898f","vip":1,"crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[]},"repliedAuthorId":0,"objectId":926103953,"type":1,"supId":0,"prevId":0,"content":"终于等到了您的初发帖[比心][比心]发帖时关联相关股票或者相关话题，可以获得更多曝光哦～如果您想创作优质文章，请查看<a 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