中美达成强化气候行动联合宣言，透露哪些能源发展信号？

上海证券报2021-11-11

摘要：中美双方将在未来十年采取更多减排措施，包括加大行动控制和减少甲烷排放、鼓励整合太阳能、储能等分布式发电政策等。据生态环境部官网消息，中国和美国10日在联合国气候变化格拉斯哥大会期间发布《中美关于在21世纪20年代强化气候行动的格拉斯哥联合宣言》（下称《联合宣言》)。这份《联合宣言》中涉及多个跟能源发展相关的议题，包括加大行动控制和减少甲烷排放、鼓励整合太阳能、储能等分布式发电政策等...

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Youn7276
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href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MDIwNDEyMg==&mid=2650844533&idx=4&sn=a984dd42343a8f87bd99f2180a480b76&chksm=bdbc64c08acbedd6b4543f5a502a4ffb98360d001b25c7f24bbdbbd1f36d766252892ab8d8cb&mpshare=1&scene=23&srcid=1111tE5Xpcqs79EeopVekOvq&sharer_sharetime=1636608430850&sharer_shareid=fbf3e6a28882bb91c07a361d6d431142#rd><strong>上海证券报</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>摘要：中美双方将在未来十年采取更多减排措施，包括加大行动控制和减少甲烷排放、鼓励整合太阳能、储能等分布式发电政策等。\n据生态环境部官网消息，中国和美国10日在联合国气候变化格拉斯哥大会期间发布《中美关于在21世纪20年代强化气候行动的格拉斯哥联合宣言》（下称《联合宣言》)。\n\n\n\n这份《联合宣言》中涉及多个跟能源发展相关的议题，包括加大行动控制和减少甲烷排放、鼓励整合太阳能、储能等分布式发电政策等...</p>\n\n<a 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and the United States reached a joint declaration on strengthening climate action, which energy development signals were revealed?","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/9014e78187608d4e3afbe66b7bc8811e","symbols_score_info":{},"content_text":"摘要：中美双方将在未来十年采取更多减排措施，包括加大行动控制和减少甲烷排放、鼓励整合太阳能、储能等分布式发电政策等。\n据生态环境部官网消息，中国和美国10日在联合国气候变化格拉斯哥大会期间发布《中美关于在21世纪20年代强化气候行动的格拉斯哥联合宣言》（下称《联合宣言》)。\n\n\n\n这份《联合宣言》中涉及多个跟能源发展相关的议题，包括加大行动控制和减少甲烷排放、鼓励整合太阳能、储能等分布式发电政策等内容。\n双方赞赏迄今为止开展的工作，承诺继续共同努力，并与各方一道，加强《巴黎协定》的实施。在共同但有区别的责任和各自能力原则、考虑各国国情的基础上，采取强化的气候行动，有效应对气候危机。双方同意建立“21世纪20年代强化气候行动工作组”，推动两国气候变化合作和多边进程。\n\n\n\n加快向全球净零经济转型\n\n\n\n此次《联合宣言》内容之一，即中美双方将在未来十年采取更多减排措施，以使《巴黎协定》的温升承诺——将全球平均气温升幅控制在低于2°C之内，并努力限制在1.5°C之内成为可能。\n两国宣布计划在此决定性的十年，根据不同国情，各自、携手并与其他国家一道加强并加速旨在缩小差距的气候行动与合作，包括加速绿色低碳转型和气候技术创新。此外，双方计划抓住这一关键时刻，投身于扩大各自和共同努力，以加快向全球净零经济转型。\n净零排放意味着一方面能源部门将主要依靠可再生能源，另一方面化石燃料消费将大幅减少。根据国际能源署(IEA)旗舰报告《全球能源行业2050净零排放路线图》，未来10年太阳能和风能要迅速扩张：2030年之前，太阳能光伏每年新增装机630吉瓦，风电每年新增装机390吉瓦，增速达到2020年纪录水平的4倍。“对于太阳能光伏发电而言，这相当于未来10年每天要安装一个目前世界最大的太阳能光伏园。”\n越来越便宜的可再生能源技术，使电力在通向净零排放的赛道中脱颖而出。电气化将成为整个经济领域减排至关重要的手段。以电动汽车为例，到2030年，电动车在全球汽车销售中的占比将由目前的5%提高到60%以上。\n\n\n\n中方将制定甲烷国家行动计划\n\n\n\n中美将在甲烷减排领域开展实实在在的合作——这被认为是中国在该领域目前做出的最重要表态。\n两国计划合作加强甲烷排放的测量；交流各自加强甲烷管控政策和计划的信息；并促进有关甲烷减排挑战和解决方案的联合研究。同时，中方计划在其近期通报的国家自主贡献之外，制定一份全面、有力度的甲烷国家行动计划，争取在21世纪20年代取得控制和减少甲烷排放的显著效果。\n甲烷是地面臭氧的主要前体，也是一种强大的温室气体。在20年的时间区间内，甲烷的升温潜能值是二氧化碳的80倍，农业成为甲烷排放的主要来源。\n\n\n\n以沼气为主的甲烷减排有望迎来突破。清华大学环境学院教授王凯军表示，沼气行业是一个万亿元的大产业，需要强有力的工业体系来支撑沼气行业的发展。预计2030年和2060年可获得沼气生产潜力分别为1690亿和3710亿立方米，相当于2020年全国天然气消费量68%，是天然气进口量的1.5倍以上，发电可形成7420亿千瓦时的发电量，相当于全国2020年用电量的10%。\n\n\n\n\n鼓励整合太阳能、储能等分布式发电政策\n\n\n\n为减少二氧化碳排放，中美两国计划在以下方面开展合作：支持有效整合高占比、低成本、间歇性可再生能源的政策；鼓励有效平衡跨越广阔地域电力供需的输电政策；鼓励整合太阳能、储能和其他更接近电力使用端的清洁能源解决方案的分布式发电政策；减少电力浪费的能效政策和标准。\n一直以来，中国在推进包括光伏、储能在内的清洁能源方面持续发力。比如，国家能源局综合司9月在一份公告中提到，完善分布式发电市场化交易机制，完善支持分布式发电市场化交易的价格政策，建立适应可再生能源微电网、存量小电网、增量配电网与大电网开展交易的体制机制，推动“隔墙售电”工作落地。\n数据也显示，今年上半年，分布式光伏装机量同比增长72.7%，远超过集中式。特别是户用装机量，同比增长263%。\n中国光伏行业协会名誉理事长王勃华预计，分布式项目在“整县推进”政策支持下，有望快速发展。此外，户用光伏项目保持快速增长，有望再创新高。","kind":null,"is_publish_news":false,"is_publish_highlight":true,"is_publish_live":null,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1},"commentList":[{"id":879002479,"gmtCreate":1636665842289,"gmtModify":1636665887631,"author":{"id":"3577393549070429","authorId":"3577393549070429","name":"Youn7276","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/487c5c26a5e210d6b88adaeaba12329b","vip":1,"crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0},"htmlText":"阅","listText":"阅","text":"阅","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/879002479","repostId":1162234475,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"langContent":"CN"},{"id":870621907,"gmtCreate":1636613727687,"gmtModify":1636613727797,"author":{"id":"3577161019857161","authorId":"3577161019857161","name":"7a631fd1","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","vip":1,"crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0},"htmlText":"请点赞","listText":"请点赞","text":"请点赞","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":3,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/870621907","repostId":1162234475,"repostType":4,"isVote":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"tweetType":1,"comments":[{"id":6540018,"gmtCreate":1636644353744,"gmtModify":1636644353775,"authorId":3582531877047380,"author":{"id":3582531877047380,"authorId":3582531877047380,"name":"CodyTang","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/dd76a195d33f5dc7317cca7f1fb80e0c","vip":1,"crmLevel":1,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[]},"repliedAuthorId":0,"objectId":870621907,"type":1,"supId":0,"prevId":0,"content":"Hao","text":"Hao","html":"Hao"},{"id":6535637,"gmtCreate":1636616650789,"gmtModify":1636616650821,"authorId":3568626352541392,"author":{"id":3568626352541392,"authorId":3568626352541392,"name":"LawrenceCW","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/962262e528e64dff78a74edaba2a5aac","vip":1,"crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[]},"repliedAuthorId":0,"objectId":870621907,"type":1,"supId":0,"prevId":0,"content":"🔥","text":"🔥","html":"🔥"},{"id":6535636,"gmtCreate":1636616650086,"gmtModify":1636616650187,"authorId":3582212677594923,"author":{"id":3582212677594923,"authorId":3582212677594923,"name":"Diaschy","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/023e36d76d8f4434c4ca55ea9d316933","vip":1,"crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[]},"repliedAuthorId":0,"objectId":870621907,"type":1,"supId":0,"prevId":0,"content":"666","text":"666","html":"666"}],"langContent":"CN"}],"isCommentEnd":false,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":26,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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